高考英語語法專項訓練：第11講簡單名和并列句

　　主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語

　　Who can find the eraser for me?

　　Pass the eraser to me.

　　bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass,

　　return, send, show, teach, tell, write,

　　ask, buy, call, cook, choose, draw,

　　find, sing, save等。 常跟雙賓語的動詞： Who can find me the eraser?

　　Pass me the eraser. ★難點二 ★難點三 主+謂 +賓 +補（SVOC）

　　I saw him come into the house yesterday.

　　能帶賓補的動詞： 1、感官動詞：see, watch, look at, observe,

　　notice, hear, listen to 2、使讓動詞：have, make, let,

　　3、其它：want, wish expect, allow, permit,

　　forbid, ask, order, advise，get,

　　force ，feel, find, etc.

　　We saw him jump into the box. We saw them dancing. We saw him knocked down. 5.主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓補(S+Vt+O+C)

　　注：可用作賓補的詞有：名詞、形容詞、

　　副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞。 She was glad to see her child well

　　_______ (take) care of.

　　2. We are pleased to see the problem _______ (settle) so quickly.

　　3. I could feel the wind _________ (blow)on my

　　face from an open window.

　　taken settled blowing 2. Paul doesn’t have to be made _____. He always works hard.

　　learn

　　B. to learn

　　C. learned

　　D. learning

　　3. A computer does only what thinking people _____.

　　A. have it do

　　B. have it done

　　C. have done it

　　D. having it done

　　B A Exercises

　　What lovely children are !

　　2.What a fine weather it is !

　　3.There used to have an old temple over there.

　　4. Come here a

　　moment, do

　　you? 改錯： they are ! be

　　will Exercises

　　1.To try some of this juice--- perhaps you’ll like it .

　　2. May you happy!

　　3. Tom,

　　cleans

　　the window this afternoon.

　　4. He

　　looked

　　sad

　　at me. 改錯： be happy ! clean sadly Revision 1 英語句子必須有謂語動詞。 他像他爸爸。

　　這本書值得一讀。

　　我反對你的意見。 五種基本句型的推導： 2 一個句子內有且只有一個動詞充當謂語（并列謂語除外），其余動詞應為非謂語或從句的謂語。 他給我一些水喝。 He is like his father. The book is worth reading. I’m against you. He gave me some water to drink. 1. He learns German.

　　2. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country

　　music.

　　3. We sang and danced yesterday

　　evening.

　　4. My brother and I go to school at half

　　past seven in the morning and come

　　back home at five in the afternoon.

　　（一個主語和并列謂語） （并列主語和并列謂語） （并列主語和一個謂語） （一個主語和一個謂語） 3 英語的任何句子都由五種基本句型構成。它是我們判斷句子正確與否的標準，是英語寫作、閱讀的基礎。

　　4 注意基本句型與習慣表達。 今天我玩得很開心。

　　時間不夠了。 Today I played happily. I had a good time today. Time was not enough. We had not enough time. 并 列 句 把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞連接起來的句子。 四種類型 1. 由and, not only …but also…, neither…nor…, then…連接；表同等概念。 Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, but also they want reduced hours.

　　2. 由either…or…, or, otherwise等連接； 表選擇 Either she leaves or I will.

　　四種類型 3. 由but, still, yet, however, while, when等連接；表轉折。 My mother likes coffee but my father likes tea.

　　Exercises : 注意邏輯關系 1. Give him an inch

　　he’ll take an ell.

　　A. but

　　B. and

　　C. for

　　D. so

　　2.

　　did the students dance,

　　their teacher sang.

　　A. Neither… or…

　　B. Either …or…

　　C. Both…and…

　　D. Not only…but also… Exercises : 注意邏輯關系 3. Feathers fall to the ground slowly

　　stones fall much faster.

　　A. and

　　B. while

　　C. but

　　D. yet

　　4. We must get up early tomorrow,

　　we’ll miss the first bus to the Great.

　　A. however

　　B. but

　　C. or

　　D. so

　　6. I thought we’d be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time. 7. Search the website of the Fire Department in your city, _____you will learn a lot about Firefighting. 8. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _____they themselves couldn’t. but and while 5. He worked hard,

　　he failed.

　　A. while

　　B. and

　　C. so

　　D. but 9. I was just about to lie down to rest _____

　　I

　　saw a snake in the grass. when 句子的連接和標點符號 1、句號連接兩個并列句子，第二個句子的首字母大寫。My name is Tom. I am five. 2、分號連接兩個并列分句，第二個句子的首字母不大寫。 Tom is five; he studies in a primary school. 3、引號前用逗號而不用冒號，英語中沒有書名號。Tom said, “ The movie Titanic is wonderful!” 2. 逗號加連詞相當于句號，連接兩個并列句子。 I am five, and I study in a primary school. 復合句 = 主句 + 從句 復合句 復合句是在簡單句的基礎上，通過從屬連詞將兩個或兩個以上簡單句連接在一起而構成。從屬連詞所引導的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。復合句主要包含以下類型從句：

　　1. 主語從句

　　2. 賓語從句

　　3. 表語從句

　　4. 定語從句

　　5. 狀語從句

　　6. 同位語從句

　　英文寫作中最常使用的從句 賓語從句 狀語從句

　　定語從句 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 He told me

　　the news. that the match had

　　been cancelled. 賓語 how much he was prepared

　　to pay for my car. that I could have the

　　money without delay. how much he was prepared to pay for my car and that I could have the money without delay.

　　when he was

　　leaving for Paris. that his father was working in

　　that school. 賓語從句 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 I don’t know him. He has finished his work

　　that he has finished his work. whether he has finished his work. 賓語從句 He is leaving for Washington. that he is leaving for Washington. when he is leaving for Washington. why he is leaving for Washington. how he is leaving for Washington. whether he is leaving for Washington. 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 the people

　　surprised

　　That

　　What he said what he did 主語 That he didn’t

　　know the answer in the room. 定語 who were sitting in the room. who were present. whose sons were at war. who had signed the contract. 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 That

　　is

　　the fact. 表

　　語 what he needs. what he gave me. why he was late. because he was ill. what has happened. 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 He worked

　　in that factory three years ago. 地點狀語 時間狀語 where his

　　father worked in that factory where I lived when he

　　lived there His father worked there. I lived there. He lived there

　　three years ago. 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 Put the book

　　on the desk. where you took it. where it was. 地點狀語 where you found it. You can’t camp

　　here. where there are

　　a lot of trees. wherever you like. 指出下列各從句的類型 I believe that everything is going on well. She was reading a novel when I came in. She is the girl who sings best in my class. 賓語從句 狀語從句 定語從句 Practice 專題11 簡單句

　　和并列句 句子成份 ★ 句子一般由兩個部分組成： 主語部分（ subject group） 謂語部分（ predicate group） ★ 句子成份： 主· 謂· 賓· 表 補 定· 狀· Members of sentence:

　　S --- subject P --- predicative

　　O --- object Attri.---attribute Adv.--- adverb

　　Oc --- object complement

　　主 賓 表 補 定 狀 1) 主語（subject） I like football. The boy needs a pen.

　　句子的主體，全句述說的對象。一般由

　　擔任,常置于句首。 2) 謂語（predicate） 說明主語的動作或狀態。由

　　擔任。常置于主語后。

　　The train leaves at 6 o’clock. I want a ticket. 動詞不定式,動名詞 或從句 名詞,主格代詞 動詞 3) 賓語（object） 4) 表語（predicative） He won the game.

　　On the desk 表示vt.的動作對象或prep.所聯系的對象。 由n.或相當于n.的詞擔任。置于vt.或prep.后。 Tome lost his life in the big fire. He is a student. 用以表述主語的特征、狀態、身份等。 由n.或adj.擔任。置于系動詞之后。 ?除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞， 1)表感官的動詞:

　　2) 表轉變變化的動詞: 3)表延續的動詞 feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。 become, get, grow, turn, go,等 remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。 5) 賓補（objective complement）

　　補充說明賓語的情況 。 由n. /adj. /介賓 /分詞 /不定式等擔任。 They made him king. ?

　　? I consider the book too expensive. ?

　　? 6) 定語（attributive） 對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用‘……的’表示,通常位于被修飾的成分前。 The black bike is mine. (

　　) 說明1：當定語修飾不定代詞如：nothing , anything , everything , something 等時，定語要放在其后作后置定語

　　我告訴他一些有趣的事情。

　　I tell him something interesting .

　　說明2：不定式、短語或從句作定語時，也放在被修飾的名詞之后。(后置定語）

　　這間屋子里的男孩子們是10班的。

　　The boys in the room are in Class Ten. 7) 狀語（adverbial） 用以修飾adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置靈活。 1、通常在句子基本結構之后，強調時放在句首； 2、修飾形容詞或副詞時，通常位于被修飾的詞之前； 3、表示時間、地點、目的的狀語一般位于句子兩頭，強調時放在句首， 4、一些表示不確定時間（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副詞狀語通常位于be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞之后，動詞之前。 I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .

　　（從句作時間狀語)

　　句子類型 簡單句 并列句 復合句 Ⅰ.簡單句 1. Things changed. 2. Trees are green. 3. We don’t beat children. 4. He gave his sister the piano. 5. I found the book easy.

　　主

　　+ 謂 主

　　+

　　謂 +

　　表 主

　　+

　　謂

　　+

　　賓 主 + 謂 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語 ?

　　? 主 + 謂

　　+

　　賓

　　+ 賓補 Nobody went. She became a doctor. The car caught fire. I will write you a long letter. I will let him go.

　　Practice ?

　　? 主

　　+

　　謂 主

　　+

　　謂

　　+

　　表 主

　　+

　　謂

　　+

　　賓 主 + 謂

　　+

　　間接賓語

　　+

　　直接賓語 主

　　+

　　謂

　　+

　　賓

　　+

　　賓補 Ⅱ.并列句 This is me and these are my friends.

　　They must stay in water, or they will die.

　　It’s not cheap, but it is very good.

　　It was late, so I went to bed.

　　and or but

　　so He knocked at the door; there was no answer.

　　名詞性從句 狀語從句 定語從句 主語從句 表語從句 賓語從句 同位語從句 Ⅲ.復合句 A plane is a machine that can fly. He said that he didn’t like her. 1.You are sitting on the train home.

　　3. She is an English teacher.

　　4. Tom teaches Chinese.

　　主+謂 主+系 +表 主+謂 +賓 判斷下列句子屬于何種句式．

　　5. There existed a nation in the ocean.

　　6. Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday.

　　7. We think it our duty to study well. There be 句型 主+謂 +間賓 +直賓 主+謂 +賓 +補 判斷下列句子屬于何種句式． ★1）主+系 +表（SVP）

　　Things are getting better.

　　She turned doctor. 表狀態存在的系動詞：be, seem, appear,

　　prove, look, smell, taste, sound, feel 表狀態延續：remain, stay, keep, continue 表狀態變化：become, grow, get, come, go, turn

　　★難點一

　　主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語

　　Who can find the eraser for me?

　　Pass the eraser to me.

　　bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass,

　　return, send, show, teach, tell, write,

　　ask, buy, call, cook, choose, draw,

　　find, sing, save等。 常跟雙賓語的動詞： Who can find me the eraser?

　　Pass me the eraser. ★難點二 ★難點三 主+謂 +賓 +補（SVOC）

　　I saw him come into the house yesterday.

　　能帶賓補的動詞： 1、感官動詞：see, watch, look at, observe,

　　notice, hear, listen to 2、使讓動詞：have, make, let,

　　3、其它：want, wish expect, allow, permit,

　　forbid, ask, order, advise，get,

　　force ，feel, find, etc.

　　We saw him jump into the box. We saw them dancing. We saw him knocked down. 5.主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓補(S+Vt+O+C)

　　注：可用作賓補的詞有：名詞、形容詞、

　　副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞。 She was glad to see her child well

　　_______ (take) care of.

　　2. We are pleased to see the problem _______ (settle) so quickly.

　　3. I could feel the wind _________ (blow)on my

　　face from an open window.

　　taken settled blowing 2. Paul doesn’t have to be made _____. He always works hard.

　　learn

　　B. to learn

　　C. learned

　　D. learning

　　3. A computer does only what thinking people _____.

　　A. have it do

　　B. have it done

　　C. have done it

　　D. having it done

　　B A Exercises

　　What lovely children are !

　　2.What a fine weather it is !

　　3.There used to have an old temple over there.

　　4. Come here a

　　moment, do

　　you? 改錯： they are ! be

　　will Exercises

　　1.To try some of this juice--- perhaps you’ll like it .

　　2. May you happy!

　　3. Tom,

　　cleans

　　the window this afternoon.

　　4. He

　　looked

　　sad

　　at me. 改錯： be happy ! clean sadly Revision 1 英語句子必須有謂語動詞。 他像他爸爸。

　　這本書值得一讀。

　　我反對你的意見。 五種基本句型的推導： 2 一個句子內有且只有一個動詞充當謂語（并列謂語除外），其余動詞應為非謂語或從句的謂語。 他給我一些水喝。 He is like his father. The book is worth reading. I’m against you. He gave me some water to drink. 1. He learns German.

　　2. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country

　　music.

　　3. We sang and danced yesterday

　　evening.

　　4. My brother and I go to school at half

　　past seven in the morning and come

　　back home at five in the afternoon.

　　（一個主語和并列謂語） （并列主語和并列謂語） （并列主語和一個謂語） （一個主語和一個謂語） 3 英語的任何句子都由五種基本句型構成。它是我們判斷句子正確與否的標準，是英語寫作、閱讀的基礎。

　　4 注意基本句型與習慣表達。 今天我玩得很開心。

　　時間不夠了。 Today I played happily. I had a good time today. Time was not enough. We had not enough time. 并 列 句 把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞連接起來的句子。 四種類型 1. 由and, not only …but also…, neither…nor…, then…連接；表同等概念。 Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, but also they want reduced hours.

　　2. 由either…or…, or, otherwise等連接； 表選擇 Either she leaves or I will.

　　四種類型 3. 由but, still, yet, however, while, when等連接；表轉折。 My mother likes coffee but my father likes tea.

　　Exercises : 注意邏輯關系 1. Give him an inch

　　he’ll take an ell.

　　A. but

　　B. and

　　C. for

　　D. so

　　2.

　　did the students dance,

　　their teacher sang.

　　A. Neither… or…

　　B. Either …or…

　　C. Both…and…

　　D. Not only…but also… Exercises : 注意邏輯關系 3. Feathers fall to the ground slowly

　　stones fall much faster.

　　A. and

　　B. while

　　C. but

　　D. yet

　　4. We must get up early tomorrow,

　　we’ll miss the first bus to the Great.

　　A. however

　　B. but

　　C. or

　　D. so

　　6. I thought we’d be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time. 7. Search the website of the Fire Department in your city, _____you will learn a lot about Firefighting. 8. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _____they themselves couldn’t. but and while 5. He worked hard,

　　he failed.

　　A. while

　　B. and

　　C. so

　　D. but 9. I was just about to lie down to rest _____

　　I

　　saw a snake in the grass. when 句子的連接和標點符號 1、句號連接兩個并列句子，第二個句子的首字母大寫。My name is Tom. I am five. 2、分號連接兩個并列分句，第二個句子的首字母不大寫。 Tom is five; he studies in a primary school. 3、引號前用逗號而不用冒號，英語中沒有書名號。Tom said, “ The movie Titanic is wonderful!” 2. 逗號加連詞相當于句號，連接兩個并列句子。 I am five, and I study in a primary school. 復合句 = 主句 + 從句 復合句 復合句是在簡單句的基礎上，通過從屬連詞將兩個或兩個以上簡單句連接在一起而構成。從屬連詞所引導的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。復合句主要包含以下類型從句：

　　1. 主語從句

　　2. 賓語從句

　　3. 表語從句

　　4. 定語從句

　　5. 狀語從句

　　6. 同位語從句

　　英文寫作中最常使用的從句 賓語從句 狀語從句

　　定語從句 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 He told me

　　the news. that the match had

　　been cancelled. 賓語 how much he was prepared

　　to pay for my car. that I could have the

　　money without delay. how much he was prepared to pay for my car and that I could have the money without delay.

　　when he was

　　leaving for Paris. that his father was working in

　　that school. 賓語從句 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 I don’t know him. He has finished his work

　　that he has finished his work. whether he has finished his work. 賓語從句 He is leaving for Washington. that he is leaving for Washington. when he is leaving for Washington. why he is leaving for Washington. how he is leaving for Washington. whether he is leaving for Washington. 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 the people

　　surprised

　　That

　　What he said what he did 主語 That he didn’t

　　know the answer in the room. 定語 who were sitting in the room. who were present. whose sons were at war. who had signed the contract. 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 That

　　is

　　the fact. 表

　　語 what he needs. what he gave me. why he was late. because he was ill. what has happened. 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 He worked

　　in that factory three years ago. 地點狀語 時間狀語 where his

　　father worked in that factory where I lived when he

　　lived there His father worked there. I lived there. He lived there

　　three years ago. 復合句與簡單句：復合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 +簡單句 Put the book

　　on the desk. where you took it. where it was. 地點狀語 where you found it. You can’t camp

　　here. where there are

　　a lot of trees. wherever you like. 指出下列各從句的類型 I believe that everything is going on well. She was reading a novel when I came in. She is the girl who sings best in my class. 賓語從句 狀語從句 定語從句 Practice 專題11 簡單句

　　和并列句 句子成份 ★ 句子一般由兩個部分組成： 主語部分（ subject group） 謂語部分（ predicate group） ★ 句子成份： 主· 謂· 賓· 表 補 定· 狀· Members of sentence:

　　S --- subject P --- predicative

　　O --- object Attri.---attribute Adv.--- adverb

　　Oc --- object complement

　　主 賓 表 補 定 狀 1) 主語（subject） I like football. The boy needs a pen.

　　句子的主體，全句述說的對象。一般由

　　擔任,常置于句首。 2) 謂語（predicate） 說明主語的動作或狀態。由

　　擔任。常置于主語后。

　　The train leaves at 6 o’clock. I want a ticket. 動詞不定式,動名詞 或從句 名詞,主格代詞 動詞 3) 賓語（object） 4) 表語（predicative） He won the game.

　　On the desk 表示vt.的動作對象或prep.所聯系的對象。 由n.或相當于n.的詞擔任。置于vt.或prep.后。 Tome lost his life in the big fire. He is a student. 用以表述主語的特征、狀態、身份等。 由n.或adj.擔任。置于系動詞之后。 ?除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞， 1)表感官的動詞:

　　2) 表轉變變化的動詞: 3)表延續的動詞 feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。 become, get, grow, turn, go,等 remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。 5) 賓補（objective complement）

　　補充說明賓語的情況 。 由n. /adj. /介賓 /分詞 /不定式等擔任。 They made him king. ?

　　? I consider the book too expensive. ?

　　? 6) 定語（attributive） 對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用‘……的’表示,通常位于被修飾的成分前。 The black bike is mine. (

　　) 說明1：當定語修飾不定代詞如：nothing , anything , everything , something 等時，定語要放在其后作后置定語

　　我告訴他一些有趣的事情。

　　I tell him something interesting .

　　說明2：不定式、短語或從句作定語時，也放在被修飾的名詞之后。(后置定語）

　　這間屋子里的男孩子們是10班的。

　　The boys in the room are in Class Ten. 7) 狀語（adverbial） 用以修飾adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置靈活。 1、通常在句子基本結構之后，強調時放在句首； 2、修飾形容詞或副詞時，通常位于被修飾的詞之前； 3、表示時間、地點、目的的狀語一般位于句子兩頭，強調時放在句首， 4、一些表示不確定時間（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副詞狀語通常位于be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞之后，動詞之前。 I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .

　　（從句作時間狀語)

　　句子類型 簡單句 并列句 復合句 Ⅰ.簡單句 1. Things changed. 2. Trees are green. 3. We don’t beat children. 4. He gave his sister the piano. 5. I found the book easy.

　　主

　　+ 謂 主

　　+

　　謂 +

　　表 主

　　+

　　謂

　　+

　　賓 主 + 謂 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語 ?

　　? 主 + 謂

　　+

　　賓

　　+ 賓補 Nobody went. She became a doctor. The car caught fire. I will write you a long letter. I will let him go.

　　Practice ?

　　? 主

　　+

　　謂 主

　　+

　　謂

　　+

　　表 主

　　+

　　謂

　　+

　　賓 主 + 謂

　　+

　　間接賓語

　　+

　　直接賓語 主

　　+

　　謂

　　+

　　賓

　　+

　　賓補 Ⅱ.并列句 This is me and these are my friends.

　　They must stay in water, or they will die.

　　It’s not cheap, but it is very good.

　　It was late, so I went to bed.

　　and or but

　　so He knocked at the door; there was no answer.

　　名詞性從句 狀語從句 定語從句 主語從句 表語從句 賓語從句 同位語從句 Ⅲ.復合句 A plane is a machine that can fly. He said that he didn’t like her. 1.You are sitting on the train home.

　　3. She is an English teacher.

　　4. Tom teaches Chinese.

　　主+謂 主+系 +表 主+謂 +賓 判斷下列句子屬于何種句式．

　　5. There existed a nation in the ocean.

　　6. Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday.

　　7. We think it our duty to study well. There be 句型 主+謂 +間賓 +直賓 主+謂 +賓 +補 判斷下列句子屬于何種句式． ★1）主+系 +表（SVP）

　　Things are getting better.

　　She turned doctor. 表狀態存在的系動詞：be, seem, appear,

　　prove, look, smell, taste, sound, feel 表狀態延續：remain, stay, keep, continue 表狀態變化：become, grow, get, come, go, turn

　　★難點一