中考復(fù)習(xí)策略24

　　 L

　　 ?

　　 large ?

　　 [誤] He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

　　 [正] He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

　　 [析] a large number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞,意為大量的。?

　　 last ?

　　 [誤] This is the newest news.?

　　 [正] This is the latest news.?

　　 [析] 最新消息應(yīng)為latest news,因?yàn)樽钔淼降馁Y訊才是最新消息,請(qǐng)注意英語與漢語的區(qū)別。?

　　 last the last ?

　　 [誤] I saw my brother the last week.?

　　 [正] I saw my brother last week.?

　　 [析] 當(dāng)談到與目前有關(guān)的上月、上星期等概念時(shí)只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠詞,the last 可用于表示一系列詞的最后一個(gè),如: That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用來表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)時(shí)期,如: I am busy for the last week.?

　　 late ?

　　 [誤] Yesterday I went home lately.?

　　 [正] Yesterday I went home late.?

　　 [析] late即可做形容詞又可作副詞;而lately則意為最近的,如: I haven't seen her lately.?

　　 late latter later lately ?

　　 late有兩個(gè)比較級(jí),指時(shí)間較晚應(yīng)用later,如口語中常講: See you later. (一會(huì)見。)而latter則指按順序講的后者,或靠后的,其反意詞為former,如: the former president(前總統(tǒng))。又如: I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately則意為近來、不久前。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 則指笑著談?wù)撃呈?如 We laugh over the film. (我們笑著談?wù)撃莻€(gè)電影。)?

　　 lay ?

　　 [誤] We lied on the beach.?

　　 [正] We lay on the beach.?

　　 [析] 英文中有三個(gè)動(dòng)詞易混,在考試中也頻頻出現(xiàn),它們的現(xiàn)在式,過去式,過去分詞以及現(xiàn)在分詞是: ?

　　 lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

　　 lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

　　 lie(?vi?. 說謊) lied lied lying?

　　 learn ?

　　 [誤] The teacher said:You must study this poem by heart.?

　　 [正] The teacher said:You must learn this poem by heart.?

　　 [析] study與learn在作學(xué)習(xí)講時(shí),常常可以互換,但learn側(cè)重于學(xué)習(xí)成果或初級(jí)階段的模仿性學(xué)習(xí),如:The little baby is learning to walk. 而study則多側(cè)重于學(xué)習(xí)的過程,如: I'm studying at this college. 而learnby heart則是記住、背誦之意。?

　　 leave ?

　　 [誤] I'll leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

　　 [正] I'll leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

　　 [析] leave for一詞組為去某地,如對(duì)話中常講I'll leave for Shanghai. 因所離開的地點(diǎn)是雙方都知道的則可以省略。?

　　 leave forget ?

　　 [誤] I've forgotten my homework at home.?

　　 [正] I've forgotten my homework.?

　　 [正] I've left my homework at home.?

　　 [析] 如果句中有地點(diǎn)狀語則不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

　　 lesson ?

　　 [誤] I have two lessons of English.?

　　 [正] I have two English lessons.?

　　 [正] I have two lessons in English.?

　　 [析] 我有兩節(jié)英語課。這一表達(dá)法如上,但美國(guó)老師講他有兩節(jié)課時(shí)則多用I have two classes.?teach somebody a lesson 為教訓(xùn)某人,或要吸取教訓(xùn),如: Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

　　 lend ?

　　 [誤] Please borrow me your bike.?

　　 [正] Please lend me your bike.?

　　 [析] borrow是指借入,如: I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是借出,如: I can lend you my bike. 而keep為借多久: 如 How long can I keep it??

　　 less ?

　　 [誤] He has fewer money than she has.?

　　 [正] He has less money than she has.?

　　 [析] less是little的比較級(jí),而fewer是few的比較級(jí)。要注意前者修飾不可數(shù)名詞,而后者修飾可數(shù)名詞。?

　　 let ?

　　 [誤] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　 [正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　 [析] 雖然let, have, make有相同的用法,但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

　　 [誤] Let's go to the park, will you??

　　 [正] Let's go to the park, shall we??

　　 [誤] Let us go to the park, shall we??

　　 [正] Let us go to the park, will you??

　　 [析] Let's go的反意疑問句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑問句則是will you??

　　 life ?

　　 [誤] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

　　 [正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

　　 [析] life作為生命、性命時(shí)應(yīng)為可數(shù)名詞;當(dāng)泛指一般生活講時(shí)則為不可數(shù)名詞,如: Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如: Life is not all fun.?

　　 light ?

　　 [誤] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

　　 [正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

　　 [析] light有兩個(gè)過去分詞: lighted和lit,當(dāng)用過去分詞作形容詞當(dāng)定語時(shí)只能用lighted.?light可以用作名詞,如: The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容詞,如: The classroom is very light. 還可以作動(dòng)詞,如: The little girl lit a match. 作形容詞時(shí)還有輕、淺等意,如: This box is light. I like light blue.?

　　 like ?

　　 [誤] My sister is very as me.?

　　 [正] My sister is very like me.?

　　 [析] as 作為連詞其后要接從句,如: She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介詞,其后接賓語。?

　　 [誤] Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

　　 [正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

　　 [析] like作為動(dòng)詞當(dāng)喜歡講時(shí),其后面可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞,用不定式多表達(dá)一個(gè)一次性的動(dòng)作,如: I'm sorry I don't like to go swimming tonight. 用動(dòng)名詞則表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,如: I like swimming very much.?

　　 like alike ?

　　 作為形容詞,alike 一般不作定語,而只作表語,如; The twins are very alike.?

　　 [誤] Would you like swimming with us??

　　 [正] Would you like to swim with us??

　　 [析] 在would you like這一句型中,其后面只能接不定式,而不能接動(dòng)名詞。?like的用法還要注意以下兩點(diǎn): ① He likes Tom. 為他喜歡湯姆。② He is like Tom. 為他像湯姆。第二句話的like為介詞,而第一句話的like為動(dòng)詞。?

　　 listen ?

　　 [誤] You should hear the teahcer's advice.?

　　 [正] You should listen to the teacher's advice.?

　　 [析] hear多側(cè)重于聽到某事或某種聲音,而listen to則側(cè)重于聽的傾向性。如: We listen but hear nothing. 例句為聽取某人意見,所以只能用listen to someone's advice.?

　　 little ?

　　 [誤] Don't worry, there is little time.?

　　 [正] Don't worry, there is a little time.?

　　 [誤] There is a little water. Shall I get some??

　　 [正] There is little water. Shall I get some??

　　 [析] 要注意中英文在同一問題上的表達(dá)法是不同的。如中文水不多了,我去取點(diǎn)吧。英文要講沒水了,我去取點(diǎn)吧。?

　　 little small ?

　　 little與small是近義詞,在作定語時(shí)常常可以互換,如: a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表語,如: The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定語時(shí)little常常帶有感情色彩,而small則帶有對(duì)比的含義。?

　　 live ?

　　 [誤] Tom lives with his parents' money.?

　　 [正] Tom lives on his parents' money.?

　　 [誤] He lives on teaching.?

　　 [正] He lives by teaching.?

　　 [析] 靠吃某物為生應(yīng)用live on something, 而live by是靠某種生活手段為生。?

　　 living alive ?

　　 living側(cè)重于生活得很好,身體不錯(cuò),如: My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive則強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有死而是活著的,如: Is that cat alive or dead??

　　 lonely ?

　　 [誤] She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

　　 [正] She wanted to do her homework alone.?

　　 [析] lonely意為寂寞的、孤單的,如: The old man felt lonely. alone則意為獨(dú)自的、單獨(dú)的,如: He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.

　　 ?

　　 long ?

　　 [誤] I have been studying long for the exam.?

　　 [正] I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

　　 [析] long用作表達(dá)時(shí)間的副詞時(shí),在否定句及疑問句中最常用,但在肯定句中除與so, too, asas連用外,一般要用for a long time.?

　　 [誤] I'll call you as long as the book will be returned.?

　　 [正] I'll call you as long as the book is returned.?

　　 [析] asas引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。?

　　 [誤] How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　 [正] How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　 [析] 因?yàn)榇鹫Z為每周一次所以問的是頻率,要用how often.

　　 ?

　　 look ?

　　 look for find ?

　　 look for 側(cè)重于 尋找這個(gè)動(dòng)作,如: What are you looking for? 而find則側(cè)重于結(jié)果,如: It is very difficult to find a job. 這里不能用look for,因?yàn)檎嬲щy的是找到工作。?

　　 其他用法還有:?

　　 [例] He often looks back on his high?school days.?

　　 [析] look back on something 為回顧、回想。?

　　 [例] I wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.?

　　 [析] look down on (upon) 為看不起某人或某事。?

　　 [誤] I'm looking forward to see you.?

　　 [正] I'm looking forward to seeing you.?

　　 [析] look forward to詞組中的to是介詞,所以其后要加名詞或動(dòng)名詞,不能接不定式。?

　　 lot ?

　　 [誤] I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

　　 [正] I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

　　 [析] much money多用于疑問句與否定句中,而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of與a lot of之間無多大區(qū)別,兩者都可以修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞,所以常常可以互換。?

　　 [誤] He is more happier now.?

　　 [正] He is a lot happier now.?

　　 [析] 不可用more來修飾比較級(jí),能修飾比較級(jí)的詞有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

　　 loud loudly ?

　　 這兩個(gè)詞含意相同,在日常用語中l(wèi)oud多與talk,speak, shout, laugh等動(dòng)詞連用,如:Don't speak so loud, you'll wake the baby. 而在比較正式的場(chǎng)合才用loudly.?

　　 loud aloud ?

　　 loud多指把聲音放大,而aloud則指要出聲不要默讀。如:?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不過自言自語。)?

　　-

　　中考復(fù)習(xí)策略24

　　 L

　　 ?

　　 large ?

　　 [誤] He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

　　 [正] He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

　　 [析] a large number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞,意為大量的。?

　　 last ?

　　 [誤] This is the newest news.?

　　 [正] This is the latest news.?

　　 [析] 最新消息應(yīng)為latest news,因?yàn)樽钔淼降馁Y訊才是最新消息,請(qǐng)注意英語與漢語的區(qū)別。?

　　 last the last ?

　　 [誤] I saw my brother the last week.?

　　 [正] I saw my brother last week.?

　　 [析] 當(dāng)談到與目前有關(guān)的上月、上星期等概念時(shí)只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠詞,the last 可用于表示一系列詞的最后一個(gè),如: That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用來表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)時(shí)期,如: I am busy for the last week.?

　　 late ?

　　 [誤] Yesterday I went home lately.?

　　 [正] Yesterday I went home late.?

　　 [析] late即可做形容詞又可作副詞;而lately則意為最近的,如: I haven't seen her lately.?

　　 late latter later lately ?

　　 late有兩個(gè)比較級(jí),指時(shí)間較晚應(yīng)用later,如口語中常講: See you later. (一會(huì)見。)而latter則指按順序講的后者,或靠后的,其反意詞為former,如: the former president(前總統(tǒng))。又如: I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately則意為近來、不久前。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 則指笑著談?wù)撃呈?如 We laugh over the film. (我們笑著談?wù)撃莻€(gè)電影。)?

　　 lay ?

　　 [誤] We lied on the beach.?

　　 [正] We lay on the beach.?

　　 [析] 英文中有三個(gè)動(dòng)詞易混,在考試中也頻頻出現(xiàn),它們的現(xiàn)在式,過去式,過去分詞以及現(xiàn)在分詞是: ?

　　 lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

　　 lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

　　 lie(?vi?. 說謊) lied lied lying?

　　 learn ?

　　 [誤] The teacher said:You must study this poem by heart.?

　　 [正] The teacher said:You must learn this poem by heart.?

　　 [析] study與learn在作學(xué)習(xí)講時(shí),常常可以互換,但learn側(cè)重于學(xué)習(xí)成果或初級(jí)階段的模仿性學(xué)習(xí),如:The little baby is learning to walk. 而study則多側(cè)重于學(xué)習(xí)的過程,如: I'm studying at this college. 而learnby heart則是記住、背誦之意。?

　　 leave ?

　　 [誤] I'll leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

　　 [正] I'll leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

　　 [析] leave for一詞組為去某地,如對(duì)話中常講I'll leave for Shanghai. 因所離開的地點(diǎn)是雙方都知道的則可以省略。?

　　 leave forget ?

　　 [誤] I've forgotten my homework at home.?

　　 [正] I've forgotten my homework.?

　　 [正] I've left my homework at home.?

　　 [析] 如果句中有地點(diǎn)狀語則不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

　　 lesson ?

　　 [誤] I have two lessons of English.?

　　 [正] I have two English lessons.?

　　 [正] I have two lessons in English.?

　　 [析] 我有兩節(jié)英語課。這一表達(dá)法如上,但美國(guó)老師講他有兩節(jié)課時(shí)則多用I have two classes.?teach somebody a lesson 為教訓(xùn)某人,或要吸取教訓(xùn),如: Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

　　 lend ?

　　 [誤] Please borrow me your bike.?

　　 [正] Please lend me your bike.?

　　 [析] borrow是指借入,如: I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是借出,如: I can lend you my bike. 而keep為借多久: 如 How long can I keep it??

　　 less ?

　　 [誤] He has fewer money than she has.?

　　 [正] He has less money than she has.?

　　 [析] less是little的比較級(jí),而fewer是few的比較級(jí)。要注意前者修飾不可數(shù)名詞,而后者修飾可數(shù)名詞。?

　　 let ?

　　 [誤] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　 [正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　 [析] 雖然let, have, make有相同的用法,但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

　　 [誤] Let's go to the park, will you??

　　 [正] Let's go to the park, shall we??

　　 [誤] Let us go to the park, shall we??

　　 [正] Let us go to the park, will you??

　　 [析] Let's go的反意疑問句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑問句則是will you??

　　 life ?

　　 [誤] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

　　 [正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

　　 [析] life作為生命、性命時(shí)應(yīng)為可數(shù)名詞;當(dāng)泛指一般生活講時(shí)則為不可數(shù)名詞,如: Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如: Life is not all fun.?

　　 light ?

　　 [誤] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

　　 [正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

　　 [析] light有兩個(gè)過去分詞: lighted和lit,當(dāng)用過去分詞作形容詞當(dāng)定語時(shí)只能用lighted.?light可以用作名詞,如: The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容詞,如: The classroom is very light. 還可以作動(dòng)詞,如: The little girl lit a match. 作形容詞時(shí)還有輕、淺等意,如: This box is light. I like light blue.?

　　 like ?

　　 [誤] My sister is very as me.?

　　 [正] My sister is very like me.?

　　 [析] as 作為連詞其后要接從句,如: She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介詞,其后接賓語。?

　　 [誤] Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

　　 [正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

　　 [析] like作為動(dòng)詞當(dāng)喜歡講時(shí),其后面可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞,用不定式多表達(dá)一個(gè)一次性的動(dòng)作,如: I'm sorry I don't like to go swimming tonight. 用動(dòng)名詞則表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,如: I like swimming very much.?

　　 like alike ?

　　 作為形容詞,alike 一般不作定語,而只作表語,如; The twins are very alike.?

　　 [誤] Would you like swimming with us??

　　 [正] Would you like to swim with us??

　　 [析] 在would you like這一句型中,其后面只能接不定式,而不能接動(dòng)名詞。?like的用法還要注意以下兩點(diǎn): ① He likes Tom. 為他喜歡湯姆。② He is like Tom. 為他像湯姆。第二句話的like為介詞,而第一句話的like為動(dòng)詞。?

　　 listen ?

　　 [誤] You should hear the teahcer's advice.?

　　 [正] You should listen to the teacher's advice.?

　　 [析] hear多側(cè)重于聽到某事或某種聲音,而listen to則側(cè)重于聽的傾向性。如: We listen but hear nothing. 例句為聽取某人意見,所以只能用listen to someone's advice.?

　　 little ?

　　 [誤] Don't worry, there is little time.?

　　 [正] Don't worry, there is a little time.?

　　 [誤] There is a little water. Shall I get some??

　　 [正] There is little water. Shall I get some??

　　 [析] 要注意中英文在同一問題上的表達(dá)法是不同的。如中文水不多了,我去取點(diǎn)吧。英文要講沒水了,我去取點(diǎn)吧。?

　　 little small ?

　　 little與small是近義詞,在作定語時(shí)常常可以互換,如: a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表語,如: The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定語時(shí)little常常帶有感情色彩,而small則帶有對(duì)比的含義。?

　　 live ?

　　 [誤] Tom lives with his parents' money.?

　　 [正] Tom lives on his parents' money.?

　　 [誤] He lives on teaching.?

　　 [正] He lives by teaching.?

　　 [析] 靠吃某物為生應(yīng)用live on something, 而live by是靠某種生活手段為生。?

　　 living alive ?

　　 living側(cè)重于生活得很好,身體不錯(cuò),如: My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive則強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有死而是活著的,如: Is that cat alive or dead??

　　 lonely ?

　　 [誤] She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

　　 [正] She wanted to do her homework alone.?

　　 [析] lonely意為寂寞的、孤單的,如: The old man felt lonely. alone則意為獨(dú)自的、單獨(dú)的,如: He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.

　　 ?

　　 long ?

　　 [誤] I have been studying long for the exam.?

　　 [正] I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

　　 [析] long用作表達(dá)時(shí)間的副詞時(shí),在否定句及疑問句中最常用,但在肯定句中除與so, too, asas連用外,一般要用for a long time.?

　　 [誤] I'll call you as long as the book will be returned.?

　　 [正] I'll call you as long as the book is returned.?

　　 [析] asas引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。?

　　 [誤] How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　 [正] How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　 [析] 因?yàn)榇鹫Z為每周一次所以問的是頻率,要用how often.

　　 ?

　　 look ?

　　 look for find ?

　　 look for 側(cè)重于 尋找這個(gè)動(dòng)作,如: What are you looking for? 而find則側(cè)重于結(jié)果,如: It is very difficult to find a job. 這里不能用look for,因?yàn)檎嬲щy的是找到工作。?

　　 其他用法還有:?

　　 [例] He often looks back on his high?school days.?

　　 [析] look back on something 為回顧、回想。?

　　 [例] I wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.?

　　 [析] look down on (upon) 為看不起某人或某事。?

　　 [誤] I'm looking forward to see you.?

　　 [正] I'm looking forward to seeing you.?

　　 [析] look forward to詞組中的to是介詞,所以其后要加名詞或動(dòng)名詞,不能接不定式。?

　　 lot ?

　　 [誤] I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

　　 [正] I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

　　 [析] much money多用于疑問句與否定句中,而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of與a lot of之間無多大區(qū)別,兩者都可以修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞,所以常常可以互換。?

　　 [誤] He is more happier now.?

　　 [正] He is a lot happier now.?

　　 [析] 不可用more來修飾比較級(jí),能修飾比較級(jí)的詞有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

　　 loud loudly ?

　　 這兩個(gè)詞含意相同,在日常用語中l(wèi)oud多與talk,speak, shout, laugh等動(dòng)詞連用,如:Don't speak so loud, you'll wake the baby. 而在比較正式的場(chǎng)合才用loudly.?

　　 loud aloud ?

　　 loud多指把聲音放大,而aloud則指要出聲不要默讀。如:?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不過自言自語。)?

　　-