代詞

　　①人稱代詞: 主格: 單數(shù)I 、you 、he 、she 、it 復(fù)數(shù) we 、you 、they

　　賓格: 單數(shù)me 、you 、him 、her 、it 復(fù)數(shù)us 、you 、them

　　⑵物主代詞: 形容詞性 my 、your 、his 、her 、its 、our 、your 、their

　　名詞性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs

　　③反身代詞: myself 、yourself 、himself 、herself 、itself 、ourselves 、yourselves 、themselves

　　1.形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞,名詞性物主代詞在句中可作表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。

　　2.注意名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。

　　如:⑴These books arent ours. Ours are new. (這里ours=our books)

　　⑵This is not our room. Ours is over there. (這里ours=our room)

　　3.of+名詞性物主代詞表示所屬 如:a sister of his 他的一個(gè)妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一個(gè)朋友

　　4.人稱代詞在并列使用時(shí)的順序?yàn)?第二人稱,第三人稱,第一人稱。

　　如:You, she and I all enjoy the music.

　　5.關(guān)于反身代詞,同學(xué)們須掌握其固定結(jié)構(gòu):

　　enjoy oneself=have a good time (過(guò)得很愉快) by oneself=alone (單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自)

　　help oneself to (隨便吃/喝 些...) learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自學(xué))

　　練習(xí)題

　　1.-Whose trousers are these? -_____, I think.

　　A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them

　　2. Nobody taught___English. He taught____. A.him, himself B.his, himself C.him, by himself D.his, his

　　(二) 修飾可數(shù)名詞 many few 表否定意義 a few 表肯定意義

　　修飾不數(shù)名詞 much little 表否定意義 a little 表肯定意義 few 和 little 與 quite 或 only 連用時(shí),常加不定冠詞 a.如:There are quite a few new books in the library.=

　　用little, a little, few, a few填空:

　　1.I often stay at home because I have _______ friends here.

　　2.Jim,dont go and get some water. There is ______ water in the glass.

　　3.Though he learned French only ________ weeks. He can speak very well.

　　4.Lily had _________ bread because she was hungry yesterday.

　　(三)不定代詞: something, anything, nothing.

　　當(dāng)形容詞修飾這三個(gè)不定代詞時(shí),常后置。 如:something new

　　Theres __________ in todays newspaper. 中考題

　　A.important anything B.important something C.anything important D.something important

　　(四)另外,還要注意代詞some, every, all, both, either, another

　　1.some(一些,某) 一般用于肯定句中 注:some有時(shí)也可用于表示請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中。

　　any(任何) 多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句

　　① Will you give me some water? ② Would you like some meat?

　　③ May I ask some questions? ④ Could I have some apples?

　　2.every+單數(shù)名詞 每一個(gè) 強(qiáng)調(diào)共性,作定語(yǔ),形式上為單數(shù)。

　　each 每一個(gè) 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性,作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ),常與of連用。

　　如: Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice skirt.

　　Every child likes playing games.

　　3.all (全部)都 表示三者或三者以上,作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),一般放在連系、助動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前。

　　none 沒(méi)有表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介詞of

　　如: We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canada.

　　None of us is/are afraid of dogs.(單、復(fù)數(shù)均可)

　　4.both (兩者)都 ,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),看作復(fù)數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí),后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)。

　　either 兩者中任何一個(gè) ,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí),后跟名詞單數(shù)。

　　neither (兩者)都不,含有否定意義,用法同either。

　　如:①They both swim well. =Both of them swim well.

　　②There are trees on both sides of the street. = There are trees on either side of the street.

　　③Neither of us is going to Beijing next week.

　　④Neither answer is right.

　　5. another +單數(shù)名詞, 另一個(gè)

　　one the other 一個(gè),另一個(gè)

　　the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 = the others 其他的人或物 (指確定范圍內(nèi)剩下的全部) others 別人

　　(五)疑問(wèn)代詞 5個(gè)wh, 即who, whose, whom, what, which

　　這里,which是同學(xué)們不易掌握的內(nèi)容,其實(shí),同學(xué)們只須記住,對(duì)作定語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容提問(wèn),常用which.

　　例如: I like the red shirt. ___________ ___________ do you like ?

　　代詞

　　①人稱代詞: 主格: 單數(shù)I 、you 、he 、she 、it 復(fù)數(shù) we 、you 、they

　　賓格: 單數(shù)me 、you 、him 、her 、it 復(fù)數(shù)us 、you 、them

　　⑵物主代詞: 形容詞性 my 、your 、his 、her 、its 、our 、your 、their

　　名詞性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs

　　③反身代詞: myself 、yourself 、himself 、herself 、itself 、ourselves 、yourselves 、themselves

　　1.形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞,名詞性物主代詞在句中可作表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。

　　2.注意名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。

　　如:⑴These books arent ours. Ours are new. (這里ours=our books)

　　⑵This is not our room. Ours is over there. (這里ours=our room)

　　3.of+名詞性物主代詞表示所屬 如:a sister of his 他的一個(gè)妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一個(gè)朋友

　　4.人稱代詞在并列使用時(shí)的順序?yàn)?第二人稱,第三人稱,第一人稱。

　　如:You, she and I all enjoy the music.

　　5.關(guān)于反身代詞,同學(xué)們須掌握其固定結(jié)構(gòu):

　　enjoy oneself=have a good time (過(guò)得很愉快) by oneself=alone (單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自)

　　help oneself to (隨便吃/喝 些...) learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自學(xué))

　　練習(xí)題

　　1.-Whose trousers are these? -_____, I think.

　　A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them

　　2. Nobody taught___English. He taught____. A.him, himself B.his, himself C.him, by himself D.his, his

　　(二) 修飾可數(shù)名詞 many few 表否定意義 a few 表肯定意義

　　修飾不數(shù)名詞 much little 表否定意義 a little 表肯定意義 few 和 little 與 quite 或 only 連用時(shí),常加不定冠詞 a.如:There are quite a few new books in the library.=

　　用little, a little, few, a few填空:

　　1.I often stay at home because I have _______ friends here.

　　2.Jim,dont go and get some water. There is ______ water in the glass.

　　3.Though he learned French only ________ weeks. He can speak very well.

　　4.Lily had _________ bread because she was hungry yesterday.

　　(三)不定代詞: something, anything, nothing.

　　當(dāng)形容詞修飾這三個(gè)不定代詞時(shí),常后置。 如:something new

　　Theres __________ in todays newspaper. 中考題

　　A.important anything B.important something C.anything important D.something important

　　(四)另外,還要注意代詞some, every, all, both, either, another

　　1.some(一些,某) 一般用于肯定句中 注:some有時(shí)也可用于表示請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中。

　　any(任何) 多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句

　　① Will you give me some water? ② Would you like some meat?

　　③ May I ask some questions? ④ Could I have some apples?

　　2.every+單數(shù)名詞 每一個(gè) 強(qiáng)調(diào)共性,作定語(yǔ),形式上為單數(shù)。

　　each 每一個(gè) 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性,作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ),常與of連用。

　　如: Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice skirt.

　　Every child likes playing games.

　　3.all (全部)都 表示三者或三者以上,作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),一般放在連系、助動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前。

　　none 沒(méi)有表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介詞of

　　如: We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canada.

　　None of us is/are afraid of dogs.(單、復(fù)數(shù)均可)

　　4.both (兩者)都 ,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),看作復(fù)數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí),后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)。

　　either 兩者中任何一個(gè) ,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí),后跟名詞單數(shù)。

　　neither (兩者)都不,含有否定意義,用法同either。

　　如:①They both swim well. =Both of them swim well.

　　②There are trees on both sides of the street. = There are trees on either side of the street.

　　③Neither of us is going to Beijing next week.

　　④Neither answer is right.

　　5. another +單數(shù)名詞, 另一個(gè)

　　one the other 一個(gè),另一個(gè)

　　the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 = the others 其他的人或物 (指確定范圍內(nèi)剩下的全部) others 別人

　　(五)疑問(wèn)代詞 5個(gè)wh, 即who, whose, whom, what, which

　　這里,which是同學(xué)們不易掌握的內(nèi)容,其實(shí),同學(xué)們只須記住,對(duì)作定語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容提問(wèn),常用which.

　　例如: I like the red shirt. ___________ ___________ do you like ?