課后達(dá)標(biāo)檢測14　Unit 2　The environment

　　(建議用時(shí)：70分鐘)

　　Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

　　1．(2024·長沙模擬)The boss showed his________ of Tom’s hard work in the company by raising his pay to $5,000 a month.

　　A．distinction B．promotion

　　C．a(chǎn)ppreciation

　　D．reservation

　　2．(2024·江蘇啟東中學(xué)高三檢測)The detective，________ to be reading a newspaper，glanced at the man ________ next to a woman.

　　A．pretending；seated

　　B．pretended；seated

　　C．pretending；seat

　　D．pretended；seating

　　3．(2024·江蘇啟東中學(xué)考前輔導(dǎo))Scientists have created the world’s smallest “snowman”，________about a fifth of the width of a human hair.

　　A．measures

　　B．measuring

　　C．measured

　　D．to measure

　　4．At last，the boys found themselves ________ in a pleasant park with trees providing shade.

　　A．to sit

　　B．sat

　　C．sitting

　　D．having sat

　　5．(2024·江蘇南京高三調(diào)研)The majority of employers are planning to cut down on wages________ the economic crisis.

　　A．by means of

　　B．in defence of

　　C．in reaction to

　　D．with regard to

　　6．I would appreciate________，to be frank，if the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.

　　A．you

　　B．this

　　C．it

　　D．myself

　　7．(2024·高考陜西卷)My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking，but at least he has________.

　　A．cut out

　　B．cut down

　　C．cut up

　　D．cut off

　　8．My money ________.I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand.

　　A．has run out

　　B．is running out

　　C．has been run out

　　D．is being running out

　　9．He stood up，________ a cigarette and left the room.

　　A．lighting

　　B．lighted

　　C．to light

　　D．lit

　　10．She has already tried her best.Please don’t be too ________ about her job.

　　A．special

　　B．responsible

　　C．unusual

　　D．particular

　　11．(2024·衡陽質(zhì)檢)With more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth ________ each year.

　　A．is washing away

　　B．is being washed away

　　C．a(chǎn)re washing away

　　D．a(chǎn)re being washed away

　　12．She and her roommate silently warred over matters ________from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.

　　A．ranging

　　B．exchanging

　　C．transforming

　　D．varying

　　13．________ Chinese culture with overseas cultures is a challenging job，but you will learn a lot from it.

　　A．Comparing

　　B．Compared

　　C．Having compared

　　D．Compare

　　14．________ for several times，Linda made up her mind not________ for school.

　　A．Being scolded；late

　　B．To have been scolded；being late

　　C．To be scolded；be late

　　D．Having been scolded；to be late

　　15．—Well，you’d better buy that shirt.Brown and black don’t go together.

　　—________ I wear it with another shirt?

　　A．How do you like

　　B．Do you mean

　　C．What if

　　D．How aboutⅡ.完形填空

　　(2024·常德模擬)A friend and I decided to go for a vegetarian dinner today. We went to a nearby restaurant run by a beautiful lady, who is really __1__ and kind. We ordered our food, which turned out to be delicious, and we enjoyed our __2__ so much. We were satisfied to eat simple, nutritious food cooked with care and love.

　　__3__， there happened to be some smile cards in my bag and one greeting card, so we decided that this was a great opportunity to be __4__ to someone else too. We had a pleasant chat with one of the lovely people who __5__ us, and we pointed to the couple sitting at the next table, and told him that we __6__ to pay their bill. He agreed, and my friend wrote out a beautiful __7__ for them, and we attached a smile card as well. We finished our meal, and both our bill and their bill were given to us, and we __8__ the money and left. They were to receive the card in place of the bill.

　　We walked out of the __9__， and my friend wanted to see their reaction without getting noted. So, we hid from view, and watched as they were __10__ with so much joy, and that just made our day. We hugged each other in gratitude, for having each other.

　　We later __11__ that the couple were both software engineers and had experienced a busy day! Our small act of kindness made them feel __12__. We couldn’t stop smiling. It was a special way to end a long day.

　　1.A.prettyB．warm

　　C．quiet

　　D．strong

　　2．A.drink

　　B．company

　　C．meal

　　D．time

　　3．A.Hopefully

　　B．Certainly

　　C．However

　　D．Fortunately

　　4．A.close

　　B．polite

　　C．kind

　　D．cruel

　　5．A.protected

　　B．noticed

　　C．helped

　　D．served

　　6．A.hesitated

　　B．failed

　　C．wanted

　　D．refused

　　7．A.cardB．letter

　　C．e－mail

　　D．check

　　8．A.counted

　　B．paid

　　C．kept

　　D．received

　　9．A.restaurant

　　B．park

　　C．cinema

　　D．office

　　10．A.shouting

　　B．smiling

　　C．jumping

　　D．standing

　　11．A.found out

　　B．worked out

　　C．brought out

　　D．picked out

　　12．A.embarrassed

　　B．worried

　　C．a(chǎn)ngry

　　D．specialⅢ.語法填空

　　(2024·株洲模擬)Perhaps eager drivers will think twice about running red lights when faced with a giant robot that can give them a ticket. Two new traffic robots 1.____________ the Democratic Republic of the Congo are doing just that.

　　2．____________ of the two solar－powered robots were created by engineers from the Kinshasa Higher Institute of Applied Technique. They were recently placed at 3.____________ busy intersection (十字路口) in the capital city. While they might look funny, the robots mean business.They direct traffic 4.____________ they’re equipped with four cameras that record traffic flow and they have a system to send the information to a center 5.____________ it’s analyzed for violations (違反)．

　　“If a driver says that he’s not going to respect the robot 6.____________ it’s just a machine, the robot is going to take that and there will be a ticket for him，” Isaie Therese, the engineer 7.____________ invented the robot said.

　　While drivers seem to respect the robots 8.____________ than human policemen, the robots still have limitations. Unlike humans, they can’t pursue criminals on foot.

　　Ⅳ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·湘潭模擬)Many people are already planning to look for a new position when the job market picks up，but the way you quit can have a long term impact on your career.How to resign on good terms：

　　Be prepared.

　　Review your employee handbook or employment contract before announcing your decision，so you know what company policy is regarding resignations，severance，the return of company property and pay for unused vacation time.If you have another job lined up，be sure to have your offer in writing before you resign.

　　Use it or lose it.

　　If you haven’t used vacation time and will lose it if you quit，you might want to use your time before leaving or link it to your resignation date.But if you don’t want to burn any bridges，never announce your departure just after returning from vacation.

　　Make an appointment.

　　Be formal and make an appointment with your boss.Prepare what you want to say.Be direct and be transparent.After the discussion，put your resignation in a hardcopy letter that includes your last day and any transitional help you’ve offered.Keep a copy.Two weeks advance notice is still standard but experts recommend offering more time if you’ve worked at the company for more than five years.You also need to be prepared to leave right away—some companies require it.

　　Scrub your digital footprint.

　　Clear your browser cache，remove passwords to Web sites you use from work，such as your personal email or online bank account and delete any personal files on your work computer that aren’t relevant to work.Don’t delete anything work related if you’re required to keep it.

　　Stay close.

　　Consider joining an employee alumni association，which often serves as a networking group for former employees.It can be a good way to keep up with changes in the company and industry and find leads to new jobs down the road.Keep in touch with coworkers you worked closely with; they may end up in management roles.

　　1．How many ways of resigning are mentioned in the passage?

　　A．Three.B．Four.

　　C．Five.

　　D．Six.

　　2．You should notice the firm ________ in advance if you’ve worked there for six years.

　　A．more than two weeks

　　B．less than two weeks

　　C．only two weeks

　　D．only one moment

　　3．What does the underlined sentence in the passage mean?

　　A．You want to take vacation.

　　B．You don’t want to be fined.

　　C．You want to leave room for necessity.

　　D．You don’t want to continue to work here.

　　4．Which of the following is suggested in the passage?

　　A．You can resign without hesitation if you don’t like your job.

　　B．You should ignore your boss when presenting your resignation.

　　C．You’d better keep in touch with your coworkers after resignation.

　　D．You must delete anything in the computer you once used when you resign.

　　5．Which is the best title for this passage?

　　A．How to Apply for a New Job

　　B．How to Say Goodbye to a Job

　　C．How to Prepare for a New Job

　　D．How to Get on with Your Coworkers

　　B

　　(2024·婁底高三調(diào)研)The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management，the more they seem to want to talk about things_formerly_judged_to_be_best_left_unsaid.The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye，in the process sometimes forming critical analyses of the factors that influence everyone’s experience in the organization.

　　Consider the new views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of how people get promoted.Coleman is black.He spent 11 years with IBM，half of them working in management development，and now serves as a consultant in some big companies like AT&T and Coca－Cola.Coleman says that based on what he’s seen at big companies，he considers the different roles of the following elements in the long－term success：Performance counts a mere 10%，image,30%; and exposure，a full 60%.Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may increase your pay，it won’t ensure you the big promotion.He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work，and what a high position these people hold.

　　Ridiculous beliefs? But they are not ridiculous to many people，especially many women and members of minority races who，like Coleman，feel that they have a better picture of the reality.“Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs，”says Kaleel Jamison，a New York－based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues.“They think that if you work hard，you’ll get ahead—that someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion.”She adds，“Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think they’ve got ahead because of their sex or color that they try to make themselves less visible.”Her advice to those folks：Learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way to stand out among the people.

　　6．The best title for this passage would be ________.

　　A．Role of Women and Minorities in Management

　　B．The Importance of Being Visible

　　C．Job Performance and Advancement

　　D．Sex and Career Success

　　7．According to the passage，the underlined sentence “things formerly judged to be best left unsaid” in the first paragraph probably refers to ________.

　　A．criticisms that cause everyone’s experience

　　B．the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eye

　　C．the opinions which are in conflict with the established beliefs

　　D．the ideas which usually come up with new ways of management in the organization

　　8．We can learn from the passage that the most important factor to achieve success in one’s career is to ________.

　　A．let your bosses know how good you are

　　B．establish a favorable image to the people around you

　　C．work as a consultant to your bosses

　　D．well perform your tasks given by your bosses

　　9．The reason why women and blacks make themselves less visible is that they ________.

　　A．know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotion

　　B．want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefs

　　C．believe they can get promoted by their sex or color

　　D．don’t want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or color

　　10．In the author’s opinion，Coleman’s beliefs are ______.

　　A．one－sided

　　B．popular

　　C．special

　　D．shallow

　　Ⅴ.閱讀填空

　　(2024·長沙高三模擬)Have you had difficulty communicating an idea in the past? Is it an easy task to talk with others? Most people would agree that communication between two individuals should be simple.It’s important to remember that talking and communicating are different.When you communicate，you are successful in getting your point across.When you talk，you tend to build barriers that hinder communication.Here are some of the barriers to effective communication.

　　Physical barriers are easy to spot.Doors that are closed，walls that are built，and distance between people all work against the effective communication.While most agree that people need their own personal areas in the workplace，setting up an office to remove physical barriers is the first step to open communication.

　　Perceptual(感知的)barriers are internal.If you go into a situation where the person you are talking to isn’t interested in what you have to say，you may end up subconsciously abandoning your effort to make your point.

　　Different cultures can hold back the development of communication if two different cultures conflict.In these cases，it is important to find common ground to work from.

　　Language barriers seem natural，but there are often hidden language barriers.If you work in an industry that is heavy on technical terms，you should avoid these words when speaking with laypersons(外行)in your field.

　　Gender barriers have become less of an issue in recent years，but it is still possible for a man to misunderstand the words of a woman，or vice versa.Men and women tend to form their thoughts differently，and this must be taken into account when communicating.

　　Communication is not a one－way street.By overcoming these barriers，you can ensure that the statement you are making can be heard and understood by the person you are speaking with.In this way，you can be confident that your point has been expressed.