《閱讀理解特訓：3真2模含解析》2024屆高三英語二輪突破54

　　閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

　　A

　　Dutch treat is a late-nineteenth-century term, and it originally refers to a dinner where everyone is expected to pay for his own share of the food and drink. If people go “Dutch treat”, or simply “go Dutch”, it means that they will share the expenses of a social engagement.

　　There are many other “Dutch” expressions in English, many of which were invented in Britain in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad, cheap and shameful. A “Dutch bargain” at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; “Dutch reckoning” was an unitemized account; and “Dutch widow” was slang for prostitute. Later centuries brought in “Dutch courage”, for bravery induced by drink; “Dutch concert”, for discordant music; “Dutch nightingale”, meaning a frog; and “double Dutch”, for incomprehensible language, or unintelligible talk.

　　Some of the expressions are still in use today, but some are not. In fact, in American English, some “Dutch” expressions have nothing to do with the Dutch, but something with the German. It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German), when German immigrants came to America in the 1700s. For instance, “the Pennsylvania Dutch” refers to the German descendants, instead of the Dutch descendants, living in Pennsylvania.

　　56. Many of the “Dutch” expressions were invented with derogatory (貶義) sense, because

　　A. The Dutch were underdeveloped people.

　　B .Britain and Holland were competitors at that time.

　　C. The Dutch had many bad habits.

　　D. The British were superior to the Dutch.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. 57. With the information you get from Paragraph 2, make a guess at the meaning of the sentence “You are in Dutch”. It probably means

　　A.You are in Holland.

　　B. You are welcome.

　　C. You are in trouble.

　　D. You are lucky.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意猜測題。根據The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad and shameful.Dutch指的是不好可恥的事情，所以這句應該理解為“你有麻煩了”，故選C。

　　58. According to the passage, some native American “Dutch” expressions were related to the German instead of the Dutch, simply because

　　A. People hated the German as much as the Dutch.

　　B.People made a mistake at the beginning.

　　C.People made a joke about the German.

　　D.The German immigrants proclaimed that they were Dutch.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German),B

　　Gadgets(潮流裝備)make study fun

　　Now in a world piled high with smart phones, tablets (平板電腦)and e-readers, technology has entered the classroom in ways unimaginable. Taking classes can be fun too. All you have to do is swipe your fingers on your phone screen and download some apps (應用程序),which can make your study more fun and efficient .Balancing study and play in a college setting has never been easy and with the following few apps, it’ll be tough to tell the two apart．

　　Ever note

　　Use: note-taking Can be used on: iPhone/iPad/iPod touch, Android, BlackBerry, Palm OS and Windows,Phone 7 price :free

　　If you take notes to stay organized，then Evernote is for you. The main thing about Evernote is that all of your notes are automatically sent into the cloud-and then you can access them from any web-connected computer via the Evernote app or a web browser(瀏覽器). Evernote also supports audio and photo notes-rather handy if you want to record your lecture or take photos of any projected notes. But, of course, ask for permission first.

　　Wikipanion

　　Use: research database Can be used on: iPhone/iPad/iPodtouch

　　Price :free (Wikipanion Plus for$4.99,or 31.87yuan )

　　Now you don’t necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore. You can get access to the research databases just onyour smart phone or tabler.

　　Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7Days

　　Use: English learning application

　　Can be used on:iPhone/iPad/iPodtouch

　　Price: For a limited time you can get the App for only $0.99—half price.

　　Still learning English with a workbook? If so, you are behind the times．Ger 21st Century Newspaper’s new iPhone App, “Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7 Days”. When you download the App on your iPhone, you can listen to the hottest bilingual news selected from the newspaper’s official website (w.w.w.i2lst.cn) and read by native speakers, “Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7 Days” has ranked No. I on the Chinese education App list. For a limited time you can get the App for only $0.99—half price.

　　59.The purpose of this passage is to___________________．

　　A. make your study more fun and efficient

　　B. introduce some apps used on gadgets

　　C advertise high-tech teaching ways

　　D. develop new application programs

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】寫作意圖題。根據短文的內容可知這是介紹了一些應用程序，故選B。60.Which app can save you from the research work in the library?

　　A. Evernote

　　B. Wikipanion

　　C. Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7Day

　　D. Smartphone

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據Now you don’t necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore. 現在，你不必再為了寫論文，而前往圖書館或者任何一個提供上網服務的地方去做研究功課了。Wikipanion維基百科閱讀伴侶61.According to the passage, we can know that________．

　　A. the three apps all support audio and photo forms．

　　B. college study is undoubtedly full of ease and fun

　　C. college students used to do research workin the library or via computers

　　D. students can record lectures and send them to the cloud without permission

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據Now you don’t necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore. You can get access to the research databases just onyour smart phone or tabler. 現在，你不必再為了寫論文，而前往圖書館或者任何一個提供上網服務的地方去做研究功課了。你可以直接在自己的智能手機或平板電腦進入（學術研究）的數據庫。62.Which of the following is true about the apps?

　　A. They can only be used on smart phones.

　　B. Evermote and Wikipanion Plus are free.

　　C. Evermote can merely be used on a computer.

　　D. They improve learning efficiency and pleasure.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據which can make your study more fun and efficient .C

　　About a third of all common cancers in the United States, China and Britain could be prevented each year if people ate healthier food, drank less alcohol and exercised more, health experts said on Friday.

　　Reports from the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) suggest that making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers alone in Britain and the United States, as well as tens of thousands of stomach cancers.

　　“Even in 2011, people are dying unnecessarily from cancers that could be prevented through keeping a healthy weight, diet, physical activity and other lifestyle factors,” said a WCRF medical and scientific adviser.

　　WCRF findings are supported by World Health Organization (WHO) reports, which say regular exercise can prevent many diseases such as cancers and heart diseases.

　　Cancer is a leading cause of death around the world and its incidence(發病率) is rising. Each year around 12.7 million people discover they have cancer and 7.6 million people die from some form of the disease. There are about 200 known types of cancer.

　　Rachel Thompson, the WCRF’s head of science, said that while the message was simple — that not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can help ward off many cancers — it was still a difficult one to get across.

　　The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.

　　Peter Baldini, head of the World Lung Foundation, also called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes. Tobacco kills millions of smokers every year, and tobacco-related lung cancers also kill hundreds of thousands of people who don’t smoke but have been exposed to it second-hand.

　　“There isn’t a magic bullet to cure all forms of cancer, but we have the opportunity and the duty to protect people from developing cancer wherever possible,” Baldini said.

　　63. Which of the following words can best take the place of the phrase “ward off” in the sixth

　　paragraph?

　　A. protect

　　B. prevent

　　C. develop

　　D. cure

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】詞義猜測題。根據not smoking, eating good food and being a healthy weight can helpmany cancers可以推測是不吸煙，吃好的食物及有一個健康的體重有助于阻止癌癥的發生，故選B。

　　64. Which of the following statements is Not true according to the text?

　　A. Exercising and eating healthily can help to reduce cancer risk.

　　B. Each year about 12.7 million people are diagnosed with cancer around the world.

　　C. Every year millions of people die from smoking and lung cancers.

　　D. Adults should walk for fifty minutes three times per week.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據The WHO says adults should do at least 150 minutes of exercise a week. This could be done by walking for 30 minutes five times per week or by cycling to work every day.65. Which of the following can be the best title of this text?

　　A. Simple life changes could stop millions of cancers

　　B. Cancer is a leading cause of death

　　C. Our bad lifestyle caused many diseases

　　D. The incidence of common cancers is rising

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】標題歸納題。根據making simple lifestyle changes could prevent some 40 percent of breast cancers66. By writing the passage, the author mainly intends to ____.

　　A. advise people to develop healthier lifestyle.

　　B. warn people of the danger of cancers

　　C. explain why many people die from cancers every year.

　　D. introduce the ways to protect people from developing cancers

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據短文的內容可知主要建議人們發展健康的生活，故選A。67. We can infer from Peter Baldini’s opinion in the last two paragraphs that ____.

　　A. all the lung cancers are linked to smoking

　　B. there is no medicine to cure the cancers but it’s our duty to find one

　　C. all governments should take measures to control smokers and protect people’s health

　　D. it’s our opportunity and duty to persuade people to give up smoking

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據called on all governments to introduce smoke-free laws and raise the price of cigarettes.建議政府要采取措施控制人們吸煙進而來保護人們的身體健康，故選C。

　　D

　　Mark Rothko, one of the greatest painters of the twentieth century, was born in Daugavpils, Latvia in 1903. His family immigrated to the United States in 1913, after a 12-day voyage.

　　Mark moved to New York in the autumn of 1923 and found employment in the garment trade and settled down on the Upper West Side. It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students painting a model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist. He was twenty years old and had taken some art lessons at school, so his initial experience was far from an immediate calling.

　　In 1936, Mark Rothko began writing a book, which he never completed, about the similarities in the children’s art and the work of modern painters. The work of modernists, which was influenced by primitive art, could, according to him, be compared to that of children in that “Child art transforms itself into primitivism, which is only the child producing a copy of himself.” In this same work, he said that “The fact that one usually begins with drawing is already academic. We start with color.”

　　It was not long before his multiform developed into the style he is remembered for. In 1949 Rothko exhibited these new works at the Betty Parsons Gallery. For reviewer Harold Rosenberg, the paintings were unique and primitive. Rothko had, after painting his first multiform, separated himself from the world in East Hampton on Long Island, only inviting a very few people, including Rosenberg, to view the new paintings. The discovery of his works’ specialty came at a period of great sorrow: his mother Kate died in October 1948. As part of this new uniformity of artistic vision, his paintings no longer had individual titles. From this point on they were simply untitled, numbered or dated. However, to assist in distinguishing one work from another, traders would sometimes add the primary colors to the name. Additionally, for the next few years, Rothko painted in oil only on large vertical tents. This was done to surround the viewer, or, in his words, to make the viewer feel enveloped within the picture.

　　68. When did Rothko want to be an artist?

　　A. When he immigrated to the U.S.A.

　　B. When he watched students drawing.

　　C. When he moved to the Upper West Side. D. When he joined the Art Students League.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據It was while he was visiting someone at the Art Students League that he saw students painting a model. According to him, this was the start of his life as an artist.69. What did Rothko think of modern art?

　　A. It could be produced by children.

　　B. It could be compared to child work.

　　C. It was a certain kind of primitive art.

　　D. It was academic from the very beginning.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據about the similarities in the children’s art and the work of modern painters.70. Why does the author mention Rothko’s uncompleted book?

　　A. To prove Rothko’s concentration on painting.

　　B. To show Rothko’s research on the modern art.

　　C. To suggest Rothko’s unique personal painting style.

　　D. To explain the inspiration of Rothko’s painting style.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據It was not long before his multiform developed into the style he is remembered for.提出他的獨特繪畫風格，故選C。71. Rothko’s distinctive style ______.