職稱英語2024年考試綜合類語法輔導(dǎo)
四、名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)和謂語之間的單復(fù)數(shù)的一致問題：
1.謂語和謂語基本保持單復(fù)數(shù)的一致,即：主語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式：如：The computer was a great invention.The water in the glass is very cold.
2.集體名詞做句子主語時(shí),
① 如果表示整體概念,則謂語用單數(shù)形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.
② 如果表示其中的所有成員時(shí),則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.
3.Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示單個(gè)時(shí)謂語用單數(shù),表示許多時(shí),謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：There is a sheep in the yard. / There are some sheep in the yard.
4.maths, news等雖然有s結(jié)尾,但不是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語仍用單數(shù)：The news is very exciting.
5.glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.
6.a lot of 后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,跟不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)謂語用單數(shù)形式。如：A lot of students are playing baseball now. A lot of time was wasted on that work.
7.and 連接兩個(gè)名詞做主語時(shí),謂語原則上用復(fù)數(shù),但是兩個(gè)名詞若構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體事物時(shí),謂語則用單數(shù)。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now. / Fish and chips is very famous food.
8. there be 句型中be的單復(fù)數(shù)一般由靠近的名詞決定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.
9.用bothand連接兩個(gè)事物做主語時(shí),謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.
10.主語中含有with的短語時(shí),謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由with之前的人物決定。如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. 就站在路邊)
11.eitheror或者 neithernor連接兩個(gè)人物做句子主語時(shí),謂語采用就近原則。如：Either you or he is right. / Neither you nor I am going there.
12.表示一段時(shí)間或長度概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時(shí),謂語一般用單數(shù)。如：Two months is not a short time.Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance.
13.主語中含有half of / of / all the .等詞語時(shí),謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞確定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English. / A third of the students were playing near the lake.正在湖邊玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.
但是,population一詞又有特殊情況： Whats the population of China? / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs.
四、名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)和謂語之間的單復(fù)數(shù)的一致問題：
1.謂語和謂語基本保持單復(fù)數(shù)的一致,即：主語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式：如：The computer was a great invention.The water in the glass is very cold.
2.集體名詞做句子主語時(shí),
① 如果表示整體概念,則謂語用單數(shù)形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.
② 如果表示其中的所有成員時(shí),則謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.
3.Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示單個(gè)時(shí)謂語用單數(shù),表示許多時(shí),謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：There is a sheep in the yard. / There are some sheep in the yard.
4.maths, news等雖然有s結(jié)尾,但不是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語仍用單數(shù)：The news is very exciting.
5.glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.
6.a lot of 后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式,跟不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)謂語用單數(shù)形式。如：A lot of students are playing baseball now. A lot of time was wasted on that work.
7.and 連接兩個(gè)名詞做主語時(shí),謂語原則上用復(fù)數(shù),但是兩個(gè)名詞若構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體事物時(shí),謂語則用單數(shù)。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now. / Fish and chips is very famous food.
8. there be 句型中be的單復(fù)數(shù)一般由靠近的名詞決定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.
9.用bothand連接兩個(gè)事物做主語時(shí),謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.
10.主語中含有with的短語時(shí),謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由with之前的人物決定。如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. 就站在路邊)
11.eitheror或者 neithernor連接兩個(gè)人物做句子主語時(shí),謂語采用就近原則。如：Either you or he is right. / Neither you nor I am going there.
12.表示一段時(shí)間或長度概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語時(shí),謂語一般用單數(shù)。如：Two months is not a short time.Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance.
13.主語中含有half of / of / all the .等詞語時(shí),謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞確定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English. / A third of the students were playing near the lake.正在湖邊玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.
但是,population一詞又有特殊情況： Whats the population of China? / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs.
