結構句型 　　一. 上升增長 　　1.add up to 增加了eg The total amount of added up to 14 billion pounds in 1994. 2. to jump to / to soar to 一躍達到/ 猛增到

　　eg. The total working days lost soared to 10 million in 1979.

　　3.an increase of aboutpercent as compared with 與相比大約增加了

　　eg. In August as many as 39 car accidents were reported, indicating an increase of about 79% as compared with the number of January.

　　4.to experience an increase/incline 有了增長

　　eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing an incline.

　　二. 下降，減少

　　1.to sink/drop/reduce to 減少到

　　eg. The rate of strikes sank/dropped to the lowest point in 1979.

　　2.to experience a decrease/decline 有了減少

　　eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease. 注意：

　　修飾上升/減少的副詞有：

　　rapidly slowly dramatically respectively 表達上升/減少的最后狀態的詞有：

　　the highest peak the lowest point 10 million 10%

　　三. 起伏

　　1.to go up and down 起伏不定

　　eg. The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952 to 1967.

　　2.There be ups and downs 有起有伏

　　eg. Between 1972 and 1979, there were several ups and downs in (某方面).

　　四. 穩定

　　1.to remain steady/level/unchanged 保持穩定，幾乎不變

　　eg. The rate of remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967.

　　2.to level off

　　eg. After a steady decline for a whole decade, the rate shows signs of leveling off.

　　注意：

　　修飾起伏或穩定狀態的副詞有：

　　almost fairly 可以用于表達起伏，穩定狀態的句子中的詞組或句型：

　　the general situation was not worsening

　　show indications of improvement

　　it can be predicted that

　　eg. The rate of remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,and it can be predicted that the general situation was not worsening.

　　eg. The rate of remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,showing signs of improvement in

　　五. 成正比，反比

　　1.be in direct /inverse ratio to/with 與成正比/反比

　　eg. Male illustrations are in direct ratio to /with the advancement of grades, while female illustrations are in inverse ratio.

　　六. 占百分之幾，幾分之幾

　　1.to form/comprise/make up/constitute .percent 占百分之

　　eg. Women comprise more than 50% of the U.S. population.

　　eg. Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%.

　　2.to form/comprise/constitute a half/third/fourth of占的1/2,1/3,1/4

　　eg. Female illustrions form less than a fourth of the total.

　　3.account forpercent 占百分之幾

　　eg. , accounting for approximately 20 percent of

　　七. 倍數

　　1.A be times as much/many as B

　　eg. The annual rainfall of Hunan is 5 times as much as that of Sichuan.

　　2.A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的兩倍，一半，三倍

　　eg. The annual rainfall of Jidda doubles that of Janta, but is only half the amount of rain Kuwait receives each year.

　　附一 圓盤比例型圖表 例： 一個圓盤顯示了大學生在food, books, transportations, entertainment, clothes, unknown中的開銷，它們各自占的比例依次是60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%，要求你描敘這個圓盤圖。

　　描述:

　　The above pie chart consists of 6 segments, the largest one representing food, which accounts for 60% of the total. Clothes and entertainment each takes up 10%. 5% goes to transportation and 3% books. All the rest expenses, 12% of all ,is spend on unknown items.

　　總結寫作模式：

　　pie chart consists ofsegments, the largest one representing,which accounts for of the total.each takes up.goes to.All the rest, of all,. .

　　八.原因結果

　　1., owing to

　　2., attributable to(原因)

　　3. lie in the fact that(原因)

　　4.(結果)result from(原因)

　　5. It is precisely because (原因)that (導致結果)

　　6. , as a result, (導致結果)

　　7. (原因)be responsible for(結果)

　　8. (原因)，which in turn(結果)

　　eg. They give rise to unfair competition, which in turn throws original businesses into a commercial panic.

　　九.采取措施，提出建議

　　1. My suggestion to deal with/solve/relieve the problem are as follows. In the first place,. Secondly,. Finally,

　　2. If we let the situation go as it is, . By that time, . 如果讓這種情況繼續發展下去，那么。

　　到那個時候，。

　　3. More and more people are realizing the importance of

　　4. Great efforts/More measures/Due attention must be taken/paid to do

　　5. If, will there be anything that can make me even happier? 如果(我們怎么怎么做)，那將沒有比這令我更高興的了。

　　6. It is important/necessary/urgent/desirable/advisable for sb. to do sth.

　　7. enhance the awareness of people that

　　8. The first nut for us to crack is 我們首先要解決的是。

　　9. as soon as possible

　　10. sth. be of the utmost importance

　　十.方式，比較

　　1. as , so 正如

　　eg. Just as water is the most important of liquids, so air is the most important of gases.

　　2. in much the same way/manner that 正如, 和一樣

　　eg. The Americans spend Christmas Day in much the same way that the Europeans do.

　　結構句型 　　一. 上升增長 　　1.add up to 增加了eg The total amount of added up to 14 billion pounds in 1994. 2. to jump to / to soar to 一躍達到/ 猛增到

　　eg. The total working days lost soared to 10 million in 1979.

　　3.an increase of aboutpercent as compared with 與相比大約增加了

　　eg. In August as many as 39 car accidents were reported, indicating an increase of about 79% as compared with the number of January.

　　4.to experience an increase/incline 有了增長

　　eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing an incline.

　　二. 下降，減少

　　1.to sink/drop/reduce to 減少到

　　eg. The rate of strikes sank/dropped to the lowest point in 1979.

　　2.to experience a decrease/decline 有了減少

　　eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease. 注意：

　　修飾上升/減少的副詞有：

　　rapidly slowly dramatically respectively 表達上升/減少的最后狀態的詞有：

　　the highest peak the lowest point 10 million 10%

　　三. 起伏

　　1.to go up and down 起伏不定

　　eg. The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952 to 1967.

　　2.There be ups and downs 有起有伏

　　eg. Between 1972 and 1979, there were several ups and downs in (某方面).

　　四. 穩定

　　1.to remain steady/level/unchanged 保持穩定，幾乎不變

　　eg. The rate of remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967.

　　2.to level off

　　eg. After a steady decline for a whole decade, the rate shows signs of leveling off.

　　注意：

　　修飾起伏或穩定狀態的副詞有：

　　almost fairly 可以用于表達起伏，穩定狀態的句子中的詞組或句型：

　　the general situation was not worsening

　　show indications of improvement

　　it can be predicted that

　　eg. The rate of remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,and it can be predicted that the general situation was not worsening.

　　eg. The rate of remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,showing signs of improvement in

　　五. 成正比，反比

　　1.be in direct /inverse ratio to/with 與成正比/反比

　　eg. Male illustrations are in direct ratio to /with the advancement of grades, while female illustrations are in inverse ratio.

　　六. 占百分之幾，幾分之幾

　　1.to form/comprise/make up/constitute .percent 占百分之

　　eg. Women comprise more than 50% of the U.S. population.

　　eg. Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%.

　　2.to form/comprise/constitute a half/third/fourth of占的1/2,1/3,1/4

　　eg. Female illustrions form less than a fourth of the total.

　　3.account forpercent 占百分之幾

　　eg. , accounting for approximately 20 percent of

　　七. 倍數

　　1.A be times as much/many as B

　　eg. The annual rainfall of Hunan is 5 times as much as that of Sichuan.

　　2.A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的兩倍，一半，三倍

　　eg. The annual rainfall of Jidda doubles that of Janta, but is only half the amount of rain Kuwait receives each year.

　　附一 圓盤比例型圖表 例： 一個圓盤顯示了大學生在food, books, transportations, entertainment, clothes, unknown中的開銷，它們各自占的比例依次是60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%，要求你描敘這個圓盤圖。

　　描述:

　　The above pie chart consists of 6 segments, the largest one representing food, which accounts for 60% of the total. Clothes and entertainment each takes up 10%. 5% goes to transportation and 3% books. All the rest expenses, 12% of all ,is spend on unknown items.

　　總結寫作模式：

　　pie chart consists ofsegments, the largest one representing,which accounts for of the total.each takes up.goes to.All the rest, of all,. .

　　八.原因結果

　　1., owing to

　　2., attributable to(原因)

　　3. lie in the fact that(原因)

　　4.(結果)result from(原因)

　　5. It is precisely because (原因)that (導致結果)

　　6. , as a result, (導致結果)

　　7. (原因)be responsible for(結果)

　　8. (原因)，which in turn(結果)

　　eg. They give rise to unfair competition, which in turn throws original businesses into a commercial panic.

　　九.采取措施，提出建議

　　1. My suggestion to deal with/solve/relieve the problem are as follows. In the first place,. Secondly,. Finally,

　　2. If we let the situation go as it is, . By that time, . 如果讓這種情況繼續發展下去，那么。

　　到那個時候，。

　　3. More and more people are realizing the importance of

　　4. Great efforts/More measures/Due attention must be taken/paid to do

　　5. If, will there be anything that can make me even happier? 如果(我們怎么怎么做)，那將沒有比這令我更高興的了。

　　6. It is important/necessary/urgent/desirable/advisable for sb. to do sth.

　　7. enhance the awareness of people that

　　8. The first nut for us to crack is 我們首先要解決的是。

　　9. as soon as possible

　　10. sth. be of the utmost importance

　　十.方式，比較

　　1. as , so 正如

　　eg. Just as water is the most important of liquids, so air is the most important of gases.

　　2. in much the same way/manner that 正如, 和一樣

　　eg. The Americans spend Christmas Day in much the same way that the Europeans do.