英語(yǔ)講義【21】連接詞及其用法
在英語(yǔ)詞類(lèi)中，連接詞可說(shuō)是最容易掌握的一種。
從結(jié)構(gòu)上說(shuō)，英語(yǔ)連接詞分兩大類(lèi)：并列連詞（coordinating conjunctions）和從屬連詞（subordinating conjunctions）。
并列連詞連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上地位平等的字、詞組或分句。例如：（1） Air and water are indispensable to me.
（2） She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
（3） Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
從屬連詞連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的分句，形成復(fù)雜句中的從屬分句。例如：
（4） He said that he did not want to go .
（5） Many things have happened since I last saw him.
（6） You may come if you want to.
上述連詞的用法，看起來(lái)不難，但錯(cuò)誤也難免。下面是些好例子：
（1） This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.
這里的as well as和both不能搭配，應(yīng)該將as well 改為and，使bothand變成關(guān)聯(lián)連詞（ correlative conjunction）
（2） He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.
這里的not only應(yīng)該移到speaks后面，使這個(gè)動(dòng)詞兼顧兩個(gè)等立賓語(yǔ)：Mandarin和English。
（3） Although he is fat, but he is very weak.
英語(yǔ)里的although和but是不見(jiàn)面的 ，因此這句里的 but要去掉，不然although就要出來(lái)。
（4） Jim is not so strong like you.
這里的not so必須和as連成一體；介詞like是不適宜的。
（5） No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.
No sooner必須和than 配成關(guān)聯(lián)連詞，把than 省掉是不對(duì)的，應(yīng)該補(bǔ)上：
No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.
這句子的意思也可透過(guò)as soon as反映出來(lái)：
As soon as we reached our destination, they left.
（6） I took a taxi and which took me to the station.
這里的并列連詞and是多余的，必須去掉。如果要保留and 也可，但是形容詞分句里的關(guān)系代詞Which要改成主語(yǔ)it ，使整個(gè)句子變成并列分句如下：
I took a taxi and it took me to the station.
（7） My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
這里的and應(yīng)該用來(lái)連接最后兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)才對(duì)：
My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.
不然，就要把said改成saying。
My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.
在英語(yǔ)詞類(lèi)中，連接詞可說(shuō)是最容易掌握的一種。
從結(jié)構(gòu)上說(shuō)，英語(yǔ)連接詞分兩大類(lèi)：并列連詞（coordinating conjunctions）和從屬連詞（subordinating conjunctions）。
并列連詞連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上地位平等的字、詞組或分句。例如：（1） Air and water are indispensable to me.
（2） She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
（3） Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
從屬連詞連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的分句，形成復(fù)雜句中的從屬分句。例如：
（4） He said that he did not want to go .
（5） Many things have happened since I last saw him.
（6） You may come if you want to.
上述連詞的用法，看起來(lái)不難，但錯(cuò)誤也難免。下面是些好例子：
（1） This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.
這里的as well as和both不能搭配，應(yīng)該將as well 改為and，使bothand變成關(guān)聯(lián)連詞（ correlative conjunction）
（2） He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.
這里的not only應(yīng)該移到speaks后面，使這個(gè)動(dòng)詞兼顧兩個(gè)等立賓語(yǔ)：Mandarin和English。
（3） Although he is fat, but he is very weak.
英語(yǔ)里的although和but是不見(jiàn)面的 ，因此這句里的 but要去掉，不然although就要出來(lái)。
（4） Jim is not so strong like you.
這里的not so必須和as連成一體；介詞like是不適宜的。
（5） No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.
No sooner必須和than 配成關(guān)聯(lián)連詞，把than 省掉是不對(duì)的，應(yīng)該補(bǔ)上：
No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.
這句子的意思也可透過(guò)as soon as反映出來(lái)：
As soon as we reached our destination, they left.
（6） I took a taxi and which took me to the station.
這里的并列連詞and是多余的，必須去掉。如果要保留and 也可，但是形容詞分句里的關(guān)系代詞Which要改成主語(yǔ)it ，使整個(gè)句子變成并列分句如下：
I took a taxi and it took me to the station.
（7） My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
這里的and應(yīng)該用來(lái)連接最后兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)才對(duì)：
My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.
不然，就要把said改成saying。
My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.
