中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤一覽表14

　　 N?

　　 name ?

　　 [誤] She was named of a flower.?

　　 [正] She was named after a flower.?

　　 [析] 以命名應(yīng)為name after,又如給某人取名應(yīng)為T(mén)he father named his son Tom.?

　　 near ?

　　 [誤] We came near to hit him.?

　　 [正] We came near to hitting him.?

　　 [析] 這句話應(yīng)譯為我們幾乎要打他一頓。near to這一用法中to為介詞,其后要接賓語(yǔ),所以要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。near作介詞時(shí)其后可加to也可不加to,如: I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.?

　　 by near ?

　　 We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對(duì)的,但其表達(dá)的意義有所不同,by在表達(dá)距離時(shí)比near更近,所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。?

　　 need ?

　　 [誤] This room needs to clean.?

　　 [正] This room needs to be cleaned.?

　　 [正] This room needs cleaning.?

　　 [析] 在表達(dá)某事需要做什么時(shí),need后面如用不定式要用其被動(dòng)態(tài),如接動(dòng)名詞則要用主動(dòng)態(tài)。?

　　 [誤] We need not to do it.?

　　 [正] We needn't do it.?

　　 [析] need用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中一般用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,所以無(wú)人稱變化也不加to,而在肯定句中則多用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞,如: We need your help.?

　　 neither ?

　　 [誤] None of my parents is a teacher.?

　　 [正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.?

　　 [析] 對(duì)兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。?

　　 [誤] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.?

　　 [正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.?

　　 [析] 這時(shí)應(yīng)用倒裝句。?

　　 [誤] Neither you nor I are right.?

　　 [正] Neither you nor I am right.?

　　 [析] neithernor 這一句型在應(yīng)用時(shí)其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)以鄰近的主語(yǔ)一致。?

　　 [誤] Neither he studies nor plays.?

　　 [正] Neither does he study nor play.?

　　 [析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用倒裝形式。

　　 ?

　　 never ?

　　 [誤] Never I have broken my word.?

　　 [正] Never have I broken my word.?

　　 [析] never用于句首時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。但用于句中一般放于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、或be動(dòng)詞后面,如: I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語(yǔ)中,如: Better late than never. (晚做比不做強(qiáng)。)never mind沒(méi)關(guān)系,如: What did you say?Oh, never mind.?

　　 news ?

　　 [誤] There are many news about the accident.?

　　 [正] There is much news about the accident.?

　　 [析] news是不可數(shù)名詞,它沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如果講一條資訊要用a piece of news.

　　 newspaper ?

　　 [誤] I read the news on today's newspaper.?

　　 [正] I read the news in today's newspaper.?

　　 [析] 在報(bào)紙上讀到某一條資訊一定要用介詞in,而on the newspaper是指把某物放于報(bào)紙之上,如: May I put the flower on this newspaper??

　　 night ?

　　 [誤] I came home very late yesterday night.?

　　 [正] I came home very late last night.?

　　 [析] 昨晚一般要講last night,而不應(yīng)參照昨天上午、下午、傍晚的說(shuō)法yesterday morning等套用。?

　　 no none ?

　　 no是個(gè)限定詞,它可以用在可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前,如: No news is good news. 但如果名詞前有另一限定詞時(shí)則不能用no,而要用none of,如None of the students was here.?

　　 no not ?

　　 要使句子具有部分否定的意思,我們用not,如: I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定則用no,如Sorry, there is no time to talk.?

　　 No one none ?

　　 no one與nobody一樣不能接of結(jié)構(gòu),如: No one wished me good luck. 而要用of結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)要用none, 如: None of my friends wished me good luck.?

　　 nor ?

　　 [誤] I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.?

　　 [正] I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.?

　　 [析] 注意在表達(dá)既不也不時(shí)不要用or作連詞,而要用nor,并且要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 ?

　　 not ?

　　 [誤] The students went to the park, but no the teachers.?

　　 [正] The students went to the park, but not the teachers.?

　　 [析] 要使一個(gè)句子或一個(gè)句子的某一部分為否定時(shí)我們要用not, 而不用no.?

　　 [誤] There is no my letter today.?

　　 [正] There is no letter for me today.?

　　 [析] no是一個(gè)限定詞,用在名詞前時(shí),要注意這個(gè)名詞前應(yīng)沒(méi)有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞。?

　　 [誤] He not only was a writer but also an actor.?

　　 [正] He was not only a writer but also an actor.?

　　 [析] 在這一句型中not only之后的詞與but also之后的詞類(lèi)必須一致,否則應(yīng)為錯(cuò)句。如果這一結(jié)構(gòu)用在主語(yǔ)位置,則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與but also后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致,如: Not only you but also I am wrong.?

　　 nothing ?

　　 [誤] Nothing but books were sold here.?

　　 [正] Nothing but books was sold here.?

　　 [析] 要注意真正的主語(yǔ)是nothing而不是books,所以這一結(jié)構(gòu)在學(xué)生的使用中經(jīng)常出錯(cuò)。

　　 [誤] I have nothing to do but to cry.?

　　 [正] I have nothing to do but cry.?

　　 [析] 在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中but后面要用省to的不定式。?

　　 number ?

　　 [誤] A number of news can be heard on TV today.?

　　 [正] A lot of news can be heard on TV today.?

　　 [析] a number of后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。?

　　 [誤] The number of students are ten thousand.?

　　 [正] The number of students is ten thousand.?

　　 [析] a number of 其意為大量的,而the number of是某某的數(shù)量。即the number of students意為學(xué)生人數(shù),所以要用單數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

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　　中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤一覽表14

　　 N?

　　 name ?

　　 [誤] She was named of a flower.?

　　 [正] She was named after a flower.?

　　 [析] 以命名應(yīng)為name after,又如給某人取名應(yīng)為T(mén)he father named his son Tom.?

　　 near ?

　　 [誤] We came near to hit him.?

　　 [正] We came near to hitting him.?

　　 [析] 這句話應(yīng)譯為我們幾乎要打他一頓。near to這一用法中to為介詞,其后要接賓語(yǔ),所以要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。near作介詞時(shí)其后可加to也可不加to,如: I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.?

　　 by near ?

　　 We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對(duì)的,但其表達(dá)的意義有所不同,by在表達(dá)距離時(shí)比near更近,所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。?

　　 need ?

　　 [誤] This room needs to clean.?

　　 [正] This room needs to be cleaned.?

　　 [正] This room needs cleaning.?

　　 [析] 在表達(dá)某事需要做什么時(shí),need后面如用不定式要用其被動(dòng)態(tài),如接動(dòng)名詞則要用主動(dòng)態(tài)。?

　　 [誤] We need not to do it.?

　　 [正] We needn't do it.?

　　 [析] need用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中一般用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,所以無(wú)人稱變化也不加to,而在肯定句中則多用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞,如: We need your help.?

　　 neither ?

　　 [誤] None of my parents is a teacher.?

　　 [正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.?

　　 [析] 對(duì)兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。?

　　 [誤] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.?

　　 [正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.?

　　 [析] 這時(shí)應(yīng)用倒裝句。?

　　 [誤] Neither you nor I are right.?

　　 [正] Neither you nor I am right.?

　　 [析] neithernor 這一句型在應(yīng)用時(shí)其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)以鄰近的主語(yǔ)一致。?

　　 [誤] Neither he studies nor plays.?

　　 [正] Neither does he study nor play.?

　　 [析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用倒裝形式。

　　 ?

　　 never ?

　　 [誤] Never I have broken my word.?

　　 [正] Never have I broken my word.?

　　 [析] never用于句首時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。但用于句中一般放于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、或be動(dòng)詞后面,如: I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語(yǔ)中,如: Better late than never. (晚做比不做強(qiáng)。)never mind沒(méi)關(guān)系,如: What did you say?Oh, never mind.?

　　 news ?

　　 [誤] There are many news about the accident.?

　　 [正] There is much news about the accident.?

　　 [析] news是不可數(shù)名詞,它沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如果講一條資訊要用a piece of news.

　　 newspaper ?

　　 [誤] I read the news on today's newspaper.?

　　 [正] I read the news in today's newspaper.?

　　 [析] 在報(bào)紙上讀到某一條資訊一定要用介詞in,而on the newspaper是指把某物放于報(bào)紙之上,如: May I put the flower on this newspaper??

　　 night ?

　　 [誤] I came home very late yesterday night.?

　　 [正] I came home very late last night.?

　　 [析] 昨晚一般要講last night,而不應(yīng)參照昨天上午、下午、傍晚的說(shuō)法yesterday morning等套用。?

　　 no none ?

　　 no是個(gè)限定詞,它可以用在可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前,如: No news is good news. 但如果名詞前有另一限定詞時(shí)則不能用no,而要用none of,如None of the students was here.?

　　 no not ?

　　 要使句子具有部分否定的意思,我們用not,如: I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定則用no,如Sorry, there is no time to talk.?

　　 No one none ?

　　 no one與nobody一樣不能接of結(jié)構(gòu),如: No one wished me good luck. 而要用of結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)要用none, 如: None of my friends wished me good luck.?

　　 nor ?

　　 [誤] I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.?

　　 [正] I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.?

　　 [析] 注意在表達(dá)既不也不時(shí)不要用or作連詞,而要用nor,并且要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 ?

　　 not ?

　　 [誤] The students went to the park, but no the teachers.?

　　 [正] The students went to the park, but not the teachers.?

　　 [析] 要使一個(gè)句子或一個(gè)句子的某一部分為否定時(shí)我們要用not, 而不用no.?

　　 [誤] There is no my letter today.?

　　 [正] There is no letter for me today.?

　　 [析] no是一個(gè)限定詞,用在名詞前時(shí),要注意這個(gè)名詞前應(yīng)沒(méi)有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞。?

　　 [誤] He not only was a writer but also an actor.?

　　 [正] He was not only a writer but also an actor.?

　　 [析] 在這一句型中not only之后的詞與but also之后的詞類(lèi)必須一致,否則應(yīng)為錯(cuò)句。如果這一結(jié)構(gòu)用在主語(yǔ)位置,則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與but also后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致,如: Not only you but also I am wrong.?

　　 nothing ?

　　 [誤] Nothing but books were sold here.?

　　 [正] Nothing but books was sold here.?

　　 [析] 要注意真正的主語(yǔ)是nothing而不是books,所以這一結(jié)構(gòu)在學(xué)生的使用中經(jīng)常出錯(cuò)。

　　 [誤] I have nothing to do but to cry.?

　　 [正] I have nothing to do but cry.?

　　 [析] 在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中but后面要用省to的不定式。?

　　 number ?

　　 [誤] A number of news can be heard on TV today.?

　　 [正] A lot of news can be heard on TV today.?

　　 [析] a number of后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。?

　　 [誤] The number of students are ten thousand.?

　　 [正] The number of students is ten thousand.?

　　 [析] a number of 其意為大量的,而the number of是某某的數(shù)量。即the number of students意為學(xué)生人數(shù),所以要用單數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

　　-