中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表

　　中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表14

　　 N?

　　 name ?

　　 [誤] She was named of a flower.?

　　 [正] She was named after a flower.?

　　 [析] 以命名應為name after,又如給某人取名應為The father named his son Tom.?

　　 near ?

　　 [誤] We came near to hit him.?

　　 [正] We came near to hitting him.?

　　 [析] 這句話應譯為我們幾乎要打他一頓。near to這一用法中to為介詞,其后要接賓語,所以要接名詞或動名詞。near作介詞時其后可加to也可不加to,如: I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.?

　　 by near ?

　　 We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對的,但其表達的意義有所不同,by在表達距離時比near更近,所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。?

　　 need ?

　　 [誤] This room needs to clean.?

　　 [正] This room needs to be cleaned.?

　　 [正] This room needs cleaning.?

　　 [析] 在表達某事需要做什么時,need后面如用不定式要用其被動態,如接動名詞則要用主動態。?

　　 [誤] We need not to do it.?

　　 [正] We needn't do it.?

　　 [析] need用在否定句、疑問句中一般用作情態動詞,所以無人稱變化也不加to,而在肯定句中則多用作實意動詞,如: We need your help.?

　　 neither ?

　　 [誤] None of my parents is a teacher.?

　　 [正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.?

　　 [析] 對兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。?

　　 [誤] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.?

　　 [正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.?

　　 [析] 這時應用倒裝句。?

　　 [誤] Neither you nor I are right.?

　　 [正] Neither you nor I am right.?

　　 [析] neithernor 這一句型在應用時其謂語動詞應以鄰近的主語一致。?

　　 [誤] Neither he studies nor plays.?

　　 [正] Neither does he study nor play.?

　　 [析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時,謂語動詞采用倒裝形式。

　　 ?

　　 never ?

　　 [誤] Never I have broken my word.?

　　 [正] Never have I broken my word.?

　　 [析] never用于句首時起強調作用,要用倒裝語序。但用于句中一般放于情態動詞、助動詞、或be動詞后面,如: I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語中,如: Better late than never. (晚做比不做強。)never mind沒關系,如: What did you say?Oh, never mind.?

　　 news ?

　　 [誤] There are many news about the accident.?

　　 [正] There is much news about the accident.?

　　 [析] news是不可數名詞,它沒有復數形式,如果講一條資訊要用a piece of news.

　　 newspaper ?

　　 [誤] I read the news on today's newspaper.?

　　 [正] I read the news in today's newspaper.?

　　 [析] 在報紙上讀到某一條資訊一定要用介詞in,而on the newspaper是指把某物放于報紙之上,如: May I put the flower on this newspaper??

　　 night ?

　　 [誤] I came home very late yesterday night.?

　　 [正] I came home very late last night.?

　　 [析] 昨晚一般要講last night,而不應參照昨天上午、下午、傍晚的說法yesterday morning等套用。?

　　 no none ?

　　 no是個限定詞,它可以用在可數名詞單復數或不可數名詞前,如: No news is good news. 但如果名詞前有另一限定詞時則不能用no,而要用none of,如None of the students was here.?

　　 no not ?

　　 要使句子具有部分否定的意思,我們用not,如: I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定則用no,如Sorry, there is no time to talk.?

　　 No one none ?

　　 no one與nobody一樣不能接of結構,如: No one wished me good luck. 而要用of結構時要用none, 如: None of my friends wished me good luck.?

　　 nor ?

　　 [誤] I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.?

　　 [正] I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.?

　　 [析] 注意在表達既不也不時不要用or作連詞,而要用nor,并且要用倒裝語序。 ?

　　 not ?

　　 [誤] The students went to the park, but no the teachers.?

　　 [正] The students went to the park, but not the teachers.?

　　 [析] 要使一個句子或一個句子的某一部分為否定時我們要用not, 而不用no.?

　　 [誤] There is no my letter today.?

　　 [正] There is no letter for me today.?

　　 [析] no是一個限定詞,用在名詞前時,要注意這個名詞前應沒有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞。?

　　 [誤] He not only was a writer but also an actor.?

　　 [正] He was not only a writer but also an actor.?

　　 [析] 在這一句型中not only之后的詞與but also之后的詞類必須一致,否則應為錯句。如果這一結構用在主語位置,則謂語動詞要與but also后面的主語保持一致,如: Not only you but also I am wrong.?

　　 nothing ?

　　 [誤] Nothing but books were sold here.?

　　 [正] Nothing but books was sold here.?

　　 [析] 要注意真正的主語是nothing而不是books,所以這一結構在學生的使用中經常出錯。

　　 [誤] I have nothing to do but to cry.?

　　 [正] I have nothing to do but cry.?

　　 [析] 在這一結構中but后面要用省to的不定式。?

　　 number ?

　　 [誤] A number of news can be heard on TV today.?

　　 [正] A lot of news can be heard on TV today.?

　　 [析] a number of后接可數名詞復數。?

　　 [誤] The number of students are ten thousand.?

　　 [正] The number of students is ten thousand.?

　　 [析] a number of 其意為大量的,而the number of是某某的數量。即the number of students意為學生人數,所以要用單數形式的謂語動詞。

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　　中學生英語學習常見錯誤一覽表14

　　 N?

　　 name ?

　　 [誤] She was named of a flower.?

　　 [正] She was named after a flower.?

　　 [析] 以命名應為name after,又如給某人取名應為The father named his son Tom.?

　　 near ?

　　 [誤] We came near to hit him.?

　　 [正] We came near to hitting him.?

　　 [析] 這句話應譯為我們幾乎要打他一頓。near to這一用法中to為介詞,其后要接賓語,所以要接名詞或動名詞。near作介詞時其后可加to也可不加to,如: I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.?

　　 by near ?

　　 We lived near the city. 與We lived by the city. 兩句話都是對的,但其表達的意義有所不同,by在表達距離時比near更近,所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。?

　　 need ?

　　 [誤] This room needs to clean.?

　　 [正] This room needs to be cleaned.?

　　 [正] This room needs cleaning.?

　　 [析] 在表達某事需要做什么時,need后面如用不定式要用其被動態,如接動名詞則要用主動態。?

　　 [誤] We need not to do it.?

　　 [正] We needn't do it.?

　　 [析] need用在否定句、疑問句中一般用作情態動詞,所以無人稱變化也不加to,而在肯定句中則多用作實意動詞,如: We need your help.?

　　 neither ?

　　 [誤] None of my parents is a teacher.?

　　 [正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.?

　　 [析] 對兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情況。?

　　 [誤] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.?

　　 [正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.?

　　 [析] 這時應用倒裝句。?

　　 [誤] Neither you nor I are right.?

　　 [正] Neither you nor I am right.?

　　 [析] neithernor 這一句型在應用時其謂語動詞應以鄰近的主語一致。?

　　 [誤] Neither he studies nor plays.?

　　 [正] Neither does he study nor play.?

　　 [析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定詞位于句首時,謂語動詞采用倒裝形式。

　　 ?

　　 never ?

　　 [誤] Never I have broken my word.?

　　 [正] Never have I broken my word.?

　　 [析] never用于句首時起強調作用,要用倒裝語序。但用于句中一般放于情態動詞、助動詞、或be動詞后面,如: I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成語中,如: Better late than never. (晚做比不做強。)never mind沒關系,如: What did you say?Oh, never mind.?

　　 news ?

　　 [誤] There are many news about the accident.?

　　 [正] There is much news about the accident.?

　　 [析] news是不可數名詞,它沒有復數形式,如果講一條資訊要用a piece of news.

　　 newspaper ?

　　 [誤] I read the news on today's newspaper.?

　　 [正] I read the news in today's newspaper.?

　　 [析] 在報紙上讀到某一條資訊一定要用介詞in,而on the newspaper是指把某物放于報紙之上,如: May I put the flower on this newspaper??

　　 night ?

　　 [誤] I came home very late yesterday night.?

　　 [正] I came home very late last night.?

　　 [析] 昨晚一般要講last night,而不應參照昨天上午、下午、傍晚的說法yesterday morning等套用。?

　　 no none ?

　　 no是個限定詞,它可以用在可數名詞單復數或不可數名詞前,如: No news is good news. 但如果名詞前有另一限定詞時則不能用no,而要用none of,如None of the students was here.?

　　 no not ?

　　 要使句子具有部分否定的意思,我們用not,如: I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定則用no,如Sorry, there is no time to talk.?

　　 No one none ?

　　 no one與nobody一樣不能接of結構,如: No one wished me good luck. 而要用of結構時要用none, 如: None of my friends wished me good luck.?

　　 nor ?

　　 [誤] I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.?

　　 [正] I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.?

　　 [析] 注意在表達既不也不時不要用or作連詞,而要用nor,并且要用倒裝語序。 ?

　　 not ?

　　 [誤] The students went to the park, but no the teachers.?

　　 [正] The students went to the park, but not the teachers.?

　　 [析] 要使一個句子或一個句子的某一部分為否定時我們要用not, 而不用no.?

　　 [誤] There is no my letter today.?

　　 [正] There is no letter for me today.?

　　 [析] no是一個限定詞,用在名詞前時,要注意這個名詞前應沒有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞。?

　　 [誤] He not only was a writer but also an actor.?

　　 [正] He was not only a writer but also an actor.?

　　 [析] 在這一句型中not only之后的詞與but also之后的詞類必須一致,否則應為錯句。如果這一結構用在主語位置,則謂語動詞要與but also后面的主語保持一致,如: Not only you but also I am wrong.?

　　 nothing ?

　　 [誤] Nothing but books were sold here.?

　　 [正] Nothing but books was sold here.?

　　 [析] 要注意真正的主語是nothing而不是books,所以這一結構在學生的使用中經常出錯。

　　 [誤] I have nothing to do but to cry.?

　　 [正] I have nothing to do but cry.?

　　 [析] 在這一結構中but后面要用省to的不定式。?

　　 number ?

　　 [誤] A number of news can be heard on TV today.?

　　 [正] A lot of news can be heard on TV today.?

　　 [析] a number of后接可數名詞復數。?

　　 [誤] The number of students are ten thousand.?

　　 [正] The number of students is ten thousand.?

　　 [析] a number of 其意為大量的,而the number of是某某的數量。即the number of students意為學生人數,所以要用單數形式的謂語動詞。

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