Some people think animal experiments should be stopped because they are too cruel. Others think they are necessary for the development of sciences. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

　　題目講評：

　　果然又是老題換個形式之后再出，題目考前給同學講解過的這類文章想素材當然用咱們思考素材四類方法當中的綜合法，相加得出觀點：動物實驗應該繼續，但是要盡可能減小動物的痛苦。相應的寫四段，大正小負，當然還是小的放在前面寫。還是那句話，考IELTS學術類寫作想拿高分或者滿分永遠只要按照English academic writing的規則寫英文八股文就成。

　　1 開頭段;2 有一些動物實驗確實cruel;3 但是一些領域的研究又不能缺少動物實驗;4 綜合，得出結論。創作全程使用IELTS作文cold storage冷處理+assembly line裝配法，給自己規定從開始寫25分鐘內要貼上Google。

　　高分關鍵詞：friends or foes 或敵或友 subject animals to experimentation拿動物去做實驗unjustifiable站不住腳的,不合適的 necessitate 使成為必需callous殘酷的 confinement 囚禁 veterinary 動物醫療 vaccination 接種 vivisection 活體解剖 rodent 指老鼠那一類動物 primate 靈長類 pragmatic 靈活的追求實效的pharmaceutical companies制藥公司anthropological and genetic 人類學的和基因學的analgesic, anesthetic and tranquilizing drugs醫學當中鎮痛最常用的三種方法

　　Animals were friends or foes of humanity at different times of the human history. In modern times, experiments upon animals have long been a breeding ground for spirited debate. Some animal activists argue that we should ban animal experiments altogether because subjecting animals to experimentation is unjustifiable on moral grounds. Yet some other people contend that the advancement of science necessitates animal testing. Personally, I believe both their views have merit and demerit.

　　Granted, empirical evidence suggests that many animal experiments are performed callously without any heed to the discomfort or pain that laboratory mammals endure. First and foremost, improper confinement of test animals such as locking them up in cramped cages or poor veterinary is inhumane .It can gravely disrupt natural biological functions of the test animal. Further, the effects of vaccination and vivisection conducted on live rodents, primates and other lab mammals can be gruesome and chilling. They may, in some cases, even constitute sheer torture of live animals.

　　However, from a more pragmatic perspective, evidence is mounting that animal experimentation is still largely a necessary evil and there is no practical alternative for it at this point. In the first place, it is manifest that drug experimentation on live mammals is far more effectual than experimentation on bacteria or on other lower species in testing drug safety. Drugs that have severe potential side effects on homo sapiens must be tested by pharmaceutical companies on live mammals first to ascertain their toxicity. In the second place, in space research, live animals are still the only viable alternative to humans in testing living creature reaction to outer-space experience on a flight not considered to be sufficiently safe for human astronauts. Lastly, lab research about the behavioral tendencies of chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans and other members of the primate group is also necessary. It produces valuable outcomes consistently advancing anthropological and genetic studies.

　　To conclude, I concede that experiments upon animals may induce suffering to the test animals. However, I am convinced that there are no feasible alternatives to this methodology at the current stage of scientific development. On balance , I think that we should allow animals testing to be continued but at the same time use techniques such as analgesic, anesthetic and tranquilizing drugs to minimize the pain inflicted upon the test animal and augment the general welfare of these animals.

　　Some people think animal experiments should be stopped because they are too cruel. Others think they are necessary for the development of sciences. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

　　題目講評：

　　果然又是老題換個形式之后再出，題目考前給同學講解過的這類文章想素材當然用咱們思考素材四類方法當中的綜合法，相加得出觀點：動物實驗應該繼續，但是要盡可能減小動物的痛苦。相應的寫四段，大正小負，當然還是小的放在前面寫。還是那句話，考IELTS學術類寫作想拿高分或者滿分永遠只要按照English academic writing的規則寫英文八股文就成。

　　1 開頭段;2 有一些動物實驗確實cruel;3 但是一些領域的研究又不能缺少動物實驗;4 綜合，得出結論。創作全程使用IELTS作文cold storage冷處理+assembly line裝配法，給自己規定從開始寫25分鐘內要貼上Google。

　　高分關鍵詞：friends or foes 或敵或友 subject animals to experimentation拿動物去做實驗unjustifiable站不住腳的,不合適的 necessitate 使成為必需callous殘酷的 confinement 囚禁 veterinary 動物醫療 vaccination 接種 vivisection 活體解剖 rodent 指老鼠那一類動物 primate 靈長類 pragmatic 靈活的追求實效的pharmaceutical companies制藥公司anthropological and genetic 人類學的和基因學的analgesic, anesthetic and tranquilizing drugs醫學當中鎮痛最常用的三種方法

　　Animals were friends or foes of humanity at different times of the human history. In modern times, experiments upon animals have long been a breeding ground for spirited debate. Some animal activists argue that we should ban animal experiments altogether because subjecting animals to experimentation is unjustifiable on moral grounds. Yet some other people contend that the advancement of science necessitates animal testing. Personally, I believe both their views have merit and demerit.

　　Granted, empirical evidence suggests that many animal experiments are performed callously without any heed to the discomfort or pain that laboratory mammals endure. First and foremost, improper confinement of test animals such as locking them up in cramped cages or poor veterinary is inhumane .It can gravely disrupt natural biological functions of the test animal. Further, the effects of vaccination and vivisection conducted on live rodents, primates and other lab mammals can be gruesome and chilling. They may, in some cases, even constitute sheer torture of live animals.

　　However, from a more pragmatic perspective, evidence is mounting that animal experimentation is still largely a necessary evil and there is no practical alternative for it at this point. In the first place, it is manifest that drug experimentation on live mammals is far more effectual than experimentation on bacteria or on other lower species in testing drug safety. Drugs that have severe potential side effects on homo sapiens must be tested by pharmaceutical companies on live mammals first to ascertain their toxicity. In the second place, in space research, live animals are still the only viable alternative to humans in testing living creature reaction to outer-space experience on a flight not considered to be sufficiently safe for human astronauts. Lastly, lab research about the behavioral tendencies of chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans and other members of the primate group is also necessary. It produces valuable outcomes consistently advancing anthropological and genetic studies.

　　To conclude, I concede that experiments upon animals may induce suffering to the test animals. However, I am convinced that there are no feasible alternatives to this methodology at the current stage of scientific development. On balance , I think that we should allow animals testing to be continued but at the same time use techniques such as analgesic, anesthetic and tranquilizing drugs to minimize the pain inflicted upon the test animal and augment the general welfare of these animals.