2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)頂尖學(xué)案：選修7 Unit 19　Language　語言（北師大版）

　　核心詞匯

　　1．I asked the photographer to ____________(放大)the picture.

　　2．You have my g____________that I’ll finish the job on time.

　　3．The doctor gave me ____________(詳盡的)instructions on when and how to take the medicine.

　　4．He worked all summer to save money for the p____________of a piano.

　　5．Martin thought that he had no ____________(足夠的)proof.

　　6．She was not beautiful；she did not ____________(像，類似)her mother.

　　7．Peace n____________are still going on but the government seems not like to n____________ with the terrorists.

　　8．The plan had the a____________of the school authorities.

　　9．It is e____________that our streets are so dirty but someone doesn’t think it a real e____________.

　　1．enlarge　2.guarantee　3.explicit　4.purchase　5.adequate　6.resemble　7.negotiations；negotiate　8.approval9.embarrassing；embarrassment

　　高頻短語

　　1．________________使走在前面，獲得進(jìn)步

　　2．________________

　　以……的形式出現(xiàn)(存在)

　　3．________________

　　學(xué)會(huì)

　　4．________________

　　很久；很長時(shí)間

　　5．________________

　　由……組成

　　6．________________

　　不管，不顧

　　7．________________

　　如果；條件是

　　8．________________

　　我肯定

　　9．________________

　　與……有聯(lián)系

　　10．________________

　　突出；出色；堅(jiān)持抵抗

　　11．________________

　　記住

　　12．________________

　　故意地

　　13．________________

　　遵守；遵循

　　1．get ahead　2.take the form of　3.catch on　4.for ages　5.consist of　6.regardless of　7.provided that

　　8．I bet　9.be associated with　10.stand out　11.keep...in mind　12.on purpose　13.keep to

　　重點(diǎn)句式

　　1．__________________as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.

　　早在18世紀(jì)就有人預(yù)測英語將會(huì)成為世界語言，而這一預(yù)言在最近幾十年中得到了證實(shí)。

　　2．________________________they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English conveyed to the students through various mediums.

　　這就意味著他們要確保通過多種方式給學(xué)生足夠的英語輸入量。

　　3．This can ________________________reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality.

　　它可以以閱讀和聽力材料的形式存在，但這些材料必須具有最高的質(zhì)量。

　　4．________________________so they can help motivate you as well.

　　把你的目標(biāo)告訴朋友，他們也能給予你鼓勵(lì)。

　　5．__________________，you need to keep in mind why you are learning English.

　　為了能矢志不渝，你有必要記住為什么在學(xué)英語。

　　6．Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see ____________a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss.

　　人高興時(shí)跳起來很容易被看到，而眉毛挑起表示懷疑卻不易被人看到。

　　7．Thirdly，you say that there is a discount ____________I pay in advance.

　　第三，你們說我如果提前付費(fèi)的話就可以打折優(yōu)惠。

　　8．____________________almost a million litres of oil into the sea.

　　據(jù)認(rèn)為有將近一百萬升的石油泄漏到海水中。

　　1．It was predicted 　2.What this means is that　3.take the form of　4.Inform a friend of your targets 　5.To stay dedicated　6.while　7.provided that　8.It is believed to have leaked

　　知識(shí)詳解

　　1 .absence　n．　不存在；缺席；缺乏

　　(回歸課本P6)However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，沒有英語語言環(huán)境，學(xué)習(xí)英語是非常難的。

　　歸納拓展

　　例句探源

　　①(朗文P5)We were worried by the absence of definite figures in the report.

　　報(bào)告里缺少具體數(shù)字，這使我們擔(dān)心。

　　②(朗文P5)In the absence of any further evidence the police were unable to solve the murder.

　　由于缺乏更確實(shí)的證據(jù)，警方破不了這宗謀殺案。

　　③(朗文P5)How many students are absent from class today?

　　今天有多少學(xué)生缺席？

　　1．He will not be set free unless he provides sufficient________that shows he is innocent.

　　A．presence 　B．evidence

　　C．a(chǎn)bsence

　　D．patience

　　解析：選B。考查名詞辨析。句意：除非他提供能證明他無罪的充分證據(jù)，否則他是不會(huì)獲得自由的。evidence表示“證據(jù)，證明”，符合語意要求。

　　2 .surround　vt.　環(huán)繞，圍繞

　　(回歸課本P6)Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language，you need to be surrounded by it.

　　一些備受推崇的關(guān)于語言習(xí)得的理論相信，要想達(dá)到高水平的外語流利程度和準(zhǔn)確性，你得置身于該語言的環(huán)境中。

　　歸納拓展

　　例句探源

　　①(朗文P1555)She was sitting on the floor surrounded by books.她坐在地板上，周圍都是書。

　　②Every time Obama appears，he is always surrounded by reporters.每次奧巴馬出現(xiàn)，他總會(huì)被記者包圍。

　　2．用surround的適當(dāng)形式填空

　　(1)They lived in a house________by trees，which created the most pleasant________in the world.

　　答案：surrounded；surroundings

　　(2)The factory and the________area was polluted seriously.

　　答案：surrounding

　　3 .adequate　adj.　足夠的；充分的；勝任的

　　(回歸課本P6)．..they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English conveyed to the students through various mediums.

　　……他們確保通過多種方式給學(xué)生足夠的英語輸入量。

　　歸納拓展

　　例句探源

　　①The space available is not adequate for our needs.

　　現(xiàn)有的空間不能滿足我們的需要。

　　②(牛津P24)The adequacy of the security arrangements has been questioned.

　　有人質(zhì)疑安全措施是否充分。

　　易混辨析

　　adequate，enough，sufficient，ample

　　(1)adequate表示足夠的程度比后三者低，表示“剛夠；剛好”，有不多不少正合適的意思。

　　“足夠”的程度：

　　(2)它們都可用在名詞之前表示數(shù)量。

　　We had adequate/enough/sufficient/ample money for the journey.我們有足夠的錢去旅行。

　　另外，如果僅談?wù)摂?shù)量，不要用adequate，因?yàn)樗硎尽白銐蚝玫模环弦蟮模荒軇偃蔚摹币馑?，以免造成歧義。

　　①(牛津P2024)These reasons are not sufficient to justify the ban.

　　②There was ample time to get to the airport.

　　③(牛津P24)He didn’t give an adequate answer to the question.

　　3．Considering he is ________for the job，we hired him.

　　A．a(chǎn)dequate　B．sufficient

　　C．a(chǎn)bundant

　　D．enough

　　解析：選A。考查形容詞辨析。adequate 足夠的，充分的，符合要求的，可以勝任的；sufficient (數(shù)量/質(zhì)量)令人滿意的，適當(dāng)?shù)模浞值模銐虻模籥bundant 大量的，豐富的；enough 足夠的。句意：考慮到他能勝任這項(xiàng)工作，我們雇用了他。根據(jù)句意選A。

　　4 .ensure　vt.　確保，保證

　　(回歸課本P6)Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing.

　　不管是說還是寫，高質(zhì)量的輸入確保高質(zhì)量的輸出。

　　歸納拓展

　　①(2010年高考上海卷)Every few years，the coal workers have their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.

　　每隔幾年，當(dāng)?shù)氐拿旱V工人都要進(jìn)行X光檢查以確保他們的身體健康。

　　②We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way.

　　我們可以保證把工作做好。

　　③This pill will ensure you a good night’s sleep.

　　這顆藥一定會(huì)使你晚上睡個(gè)好覺。

　　例句探源

　　4．Careful planning and hard work will ________our final success.

　　A．enclose

　　B．ensure

　　C．a(chǎn)ssure

　　D．sure

　　解析：選B。句意：精心規(guī)劃和勤奮工作能確保我們最終成功。enclose表示“把……圍起來”；assure搭配不對(duì)；sure為形容詞，不作謂語動(dòng)詞，所以只有B項(xiàng)正確。

　　5 .adjust　vi.& vt.　調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；使適合，使適應(yīng)

　　(回歸課本P6)Watching a favourite DVD，but adjusting the language to English in parts you know well.

　　觀看你喜愛的一張光盤，但要把你熟悉的部分的語言調(diào)換成英語。

　　歸納拓展

　　①He had no problems in adjusting to the new school.

　　他在適應(yīng)新學(xué)校方面沒有問題。

　　②Some of the staff found it hard to adjust to all the changes in technology and working methods.

　　有些員工發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)技術(shù)和工作方式的所有變化。

　　例句探源

　　易混辨析

　　adapt，fit，adjust

　　這三個(gè)詞都可作“適應(yīng)”講。其區(qū)別是：

　　(1)adapt指“只作細(xì)微的修改或變動(dòng)，就能使自己適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境或條件”，常與介詞for，to連用。

　　(2)fit多指某物的形狀、大小、尺寸適合某人或某物，常與in，into連用。

　　(3)adjust多指機(jī)械和儀器方面的嚴(yán)格調(diào)整，借正確的判斷或熟練的技術(shù)使兩者相配合。也可指人或其他生物改變?cè)械纳罘绞竭m應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。(著重指環(huán)境)

　　①The book is adapted for beginners.

　　②This pair of trousers doesn’t fit me well.

　　③It took several seconds for his eyes to adjust to the dark.

　　5．You can’t see through a telescope unless it is correctly______ to your sight.

　　A．a(chǎn)dapted　B．a(chǎn)dopted

　　C．a(chǎn)djusted

　　D．a(chǎn)dded

　　解析：選C。四個(gè)詞極易混淆：adapt表示“使適應(yīng)”；adopt表示“采用；收養(yǎng)”；add表示“增加”，均不符合語境中的“望遠(yuǎn)鏡被調(diào)整好”。只有adjust“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)”符合句意，故選C。

　　6 .inform　vt.　告知；通知；了解

　　(回歸課本P6)Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well.

　　把你的目標(biāo)告訴朋友，這樣他們也能激勵(lì)你。

　　歸納拓展

　　①(牛津P1046)We need time to inform ourselves thoroughly of the problem.

　　我們需要時(shí)間對(duì)這個(gè)問題有個(gè)透徹地了解。

　　②The sales manager asked his men to inform him of everything concerning the sales in time.

　　銷售部經(jīng)理讓他手下的人把有關(guān)銷售的一切情況及時(shí)報(bào)告給他。

　　例句探源

　　6．完成句子

　　(1)他說他會(huì)告訴我公司里每天發(fā)生的事情。

　　He said he would ________ ________ ________ ________ the things that happened in the company every day.

　　答案：keep me informed of

　　(2)他把你的決定告訴了我。

　　He ________ me ________your decision.

　　答案：informed；of

　　7 .resemble　vt.　像；與……相似

　　(回歸課本P10)They might also cross their arms and move in an abrupt way resembling a robot more than a human.

　　他們也可能交叉雙臂，走起路來像機(jī)器人一樣笨拙，而不像人。

　　歸納拓展

　　①(朗文P1947)What happens in the film bears little resemblance to what actually happened.

　　電影里發(fā)生的事和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活幾乎沒有相似之處。

　　②She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.

　　她和她姐姐外貌相似，但性格不同。

　　例句探源

　　7. Soldiers are trained under conditions that closely ________real army inspection of PRC on National Day in Beijing.

　　A．similar

　　B．resemble

　　C．like

　　D．compare

　　解析：選B。句意：戰(zhàn)士們正在北京接受訓(xùn)練，其情形與中華人民共和國國慶閱兵十分相似。空格處應(yīng)該使用動(dòng)詞，所以首先排除A項(xiàng)，C、D兩項(xiàng)不合語意。

　　8 .transparent　adj.　透明的，顯然的，易懂的　

　　(回歸課本P10)Body language can therefore make people’s feelings more transparent as although we can lie with words，it is not as easy to do so with our bodies.

　　因此身體語言能夠使人們的感情更加外露，因?yàn)楸M管我們能用語言來掩飾我們的感受，但用身體語言并不那么容易。

　　歸納拓展

　　例句探源

　　①The insect’s wings are almost transparent.

　　這昆蟲的翅膀幾乎是透明的。

　　②He is a man of transparent honesty.

　　他顯然是個(gè)很誠實(shí)的人。

　　易混辨析

　　transparent，explicit

　　(1)transparent作“透明的”講時(shí)，指玻璃、塑料等物質(zhì)可以看透；作“顯然的”講時(shí)，主要指借口、謊言等；作“易懂的”講時(shí)，主要指語言、信息等。

　　(2)explicit主要指聲明、規(guī)則等“清楚明確的”，還可作“詳盡的，明確的”講。

　　①He avoids the explicit answer to us.

　　②The water was so transparent that we could see the fish clearly.

　　8．The students don’t want their windows________so that they won’t be disturbed.

　　A．transparent　B．clean

　　C．clear

　　D．light

　　解析：選A。句意：學(xué)生們不想使窗戶透明，因?yàn)樗麄儾幌氡淮驍_。transparent“透明的”。

　　9 .catch on 　學(xué)會(huì)；理解；變得流行

　　(回歸課本P131)The more you hear different accents，the easier it is to catch on.

　　你聽的不同的口音越多，你就越容易理解它(的意思)。

　　歸納拓展

　　①I had to repeat the joke before he finally caught on.

　　我把笑話重復(fù)了一遍他才理解。

　　②The new dance quickly caught on among the students.

　　這套新舞蹈很快在學(xué)生中流行了起來。

　　③We should praise those students who have later caught up and made progress.

　　我們應(yīng)該表揚(yáng)那些后來趕上來并取得進(jìn)步的學(xué)生。

　　例句探源

　　9．完成句子

　　(1)He invented an electric car，but it never really ________ ________(流行起來)．