高考維“升”素20——肢體語言

　　（時(shí)間：分鐘）

　　維A1 閱讀理解

　　高考曾用材料：2010E篇

　　選材相似度：★★★★

　　設(shè)題相似度：★★★

　　難度系數(shù)：★★★

　　Dogs are social animals and without proper training，they will behave like wild animals.They

　　will

　　spoil

　　your

　　house，destroy

　　your belongings，bark excessively，fight other dogs and even bite you.Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing.The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.

　　One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to train it.Obedience training doesn't solve all behavior problems，but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem.Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog.Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.

　　Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order.When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here，sit，” it is showing obedience and respect for you.It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack by using extreme measures.You can teach your dog its subordinate role by teaching it to show submission to you.Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.

　　Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog.It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable.A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.

　　Notes：

　　①pack n．群　②subordinate adj.從屬的

　　【語篇解讀】 本文講述了對狗進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練的必要性，以及在訓(xùn)練時(shí)應(yīng)該注意的問題。

　　1．Behavior problems of dogs are believed to ________.

　　A．be just part of their nature

　　B．worsen in modern society

　　C．occur when they go wild

　　D．present a threat to the community

　　答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing.”可知，狗的行為問題是狗的正常行為，即狗的天性。 ]

　　2．The primary purpose of obedience training is to ________.

　　A．teach the dog to perform clever tricks

　　B．make the dog aware of its owner's authority

　　C．provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior

　　D．enable the dog to regain its normal behavior

　　答案　B　[推理判斷題。第三段中的“... it is showing obedience and respect for you”暗含的意思是“使狗意識到它主人的權(quán)威”。故選B。]

　　3．Effective communication between a dog and its owner is ________.

　　A．essential to solving the dog's behavior problems

　　B．the foundation for dogs to perform tasks

　　C．a(chǎn) good way to teach the dog new tricks

　　D．a(chǎn)n extreme measure in obedience training

　　答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.”可知，有效的溝通是狗完成任務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)。]

　　4．Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for masters?

　　A．To avoid being punished.

　　B．To show their affection for their masters.

　　C．To win leadership of the dog pack.

　　D．To show their willingness to obey.

　　答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段最后一句“Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge”中的“in charge”為“主管、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”之意，故D最佳。]

　　5．When a dog has received effective obedience training，its owner ________.

　　A．can give the dog more rewards

　　B．will enjoy a better family life

　　C．can give the dog more freedom

　　D．will have more confidence in himself

　　答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.”可知，與沒有受過訓(xùn)練的狗相比，受過訓(xùn)練的狗被給予更多的自由。]

　　維A2 閱讀理解

　　選材網(wǎng)站：www.drunkard.com/issues

　　高考曾用材料：2009卷E篇

　　選材相似度：★★★★

　　設(shè)題相似度：★★★

　　難度系數(shù)：★★★★★

　　When Jamie Beondik saw a puppy getting beaten with a chain，he tried to help.What he got in return was a beating of his own and he had to go to hospital.

　　The neighbors saw the four-month-old black dog named Yomba Wednesday morning being beaten，choked and dragged on a chain by a man on a bike.

　　Jamie decided to get involved，telling the man to stop hurting Tomba.

　　“He started swinging the chain around in the air and I said ‘OK.Well，I'm going to call the police.’ And that's when he hit me with the chain，” said Jamie.

　　He got hit in the legs and then the man and the dog ran off.

　　Twenty minutes later，the man came back and attacked Jamie with a slingshot before throwing a rock at him，hitting him in the back.

　　Jamie now has to use the wall to steady himself and his hands won't stop shaking，but he expects to be OK.

　　Despite his injuries，he has no regrets.Jamie says he'd do it all again.

　　“He was hurting the dog.I have had a dog for 13 years that looked just like Tomba.The dog was crying for help.I just wanted him to let the dog go.I didn't think he'd beat me，”

　　said Jamie.

　　The police arrested the suspect，who would face at least one charge of assault.

　　Tomba apparently was not seriously injured.

　　“That's all that's important.The dog's okay and he's in prison，” said Jamie.

　　Notes：

　　slingshot n．彈弓　②assault n．毆打

　　【語篇解讀】 本文主要講述了Jamie Beondik看到一個(gè)男人在虐待一只小狗，于是上前阻止，結(jié)果被打的經(jīng)歷。

　　1．What's the best title for the passage?

　　A．A man was beaten due to his protecting an abused dog

　　B．A dog's owner was put in prison due to his beating the dog

　　C．Stop beating the dog

　　D．Dogs are friends of humans

　　答案　A　[主旨大意題。本文主要講述了Jamie Beondik看到一個(gè)男人在虐待一只小狗，于是上前阻止，結(jié)果被打，A項(xiàng)概括最全面，為正確答案。B項(xiàng)不是全文的側(cè)重點(diǎn)。]

　　2．Jamie Beondik decided to get involved in helping the dog because ________.

　　A．the dog belonged to him

　　B．he felt pity for the dog

　　C．he often saw the dog before

　　D．the neighbors asked him to do so

　　答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第四段Jamie Beondik說的話可知，他曾經(jīng)養(yǎng)過一只狗，而且和被虐待的那只狗很像，由此可推知他很同情那只狗，故B項(xiàng)正確。]

　　3．Why did the man hit Jamie Beondik with the chain?

　　A．Because Jamie Beondik was rude to him.

　　B．Because Jamie Beondik wanted to take the dog away.

　　C．Because Jamie Beondik would call the police if he continued beating the dog.

　　D．Because the man hated Jamie Beondik，who was once the owner of the dog.

　　答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“He started swinging the chain around in the air and I said ‘OK.Well，I'm going to call the police.’And that's when he hit me with the chain.”可知C項(xiàng)正確。]

　　4．Which of the following shows the right order of what happened in the passage?

　　a．The man was put in prison.

　　b．Jamie Beondik was hit by the man with a chain.

　　c．The police arrested the man and charged him with assault.

　　d．The dog was beaten，choked and dragged.

　　e．The man attacked Jamie Beondik with a slingshot.

　　f．Jamie Beondik asked the man to stop hurting the dog.

　　A．e b f d c a

　　B．d f e b a c

　　C．d f b e c a

　　D．f d b e a c

　　答案　C　[推理判斷題。首先d最先發(fā)生，因此答案鎖定在B、C之間，b發(fā)生在e前，因此C項(xiàng)正確。]

　　5．From the passage，we can conclude that Jamie Beondik is ________.

　　A．innocent

　　B．kind

　　C．honest

　　D．friendly

　　答案　B　[推理判斷題。Jamie Beondik看到別人虐待狗，所以站出來保護(hù)狗，雖然因此受了傷，但并不后悔，由此可以看出他心地善良。]

　　維B 任務(wù)型閱讀

　　請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的單詞空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)。

　　Today we explain some expressions about birds.For example，if something is for the birds，it is worthless or not very interesting.Someone who eats like a bird eats very little.And a bird's eye view is a general look at an area from above.

　　Did you know that if you tell a young person about the birds and the bees you are explaining about sex and birth？Have you ever observed that birds of a feather flock together？In other words，people who are similar become friends or do things together.Here is some good advice：a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.This means you should not risk losing something you have by trying to get more of something you do not have.

　　Sometimes I can do two things by performing only one action.This is called killing two birds with one stone.But I would never really kill any birds.I love all kinds of animals.This is a real feather in my cap.It is something to be proud of.

　　Most of the people I work with are early birds.They believe that the early bird catches the worm.They think that a person who gets up early in the morning for work has the best chance of success.Everyone in my office works hard，but some people have had their wings clipped.Their jobs have been limited.This is because the office is organized by the pecking order.People with more years of experience are given more responsibility.

　　Some bird expressions are about crows，chickens and ducks.For example，when I am driving，I always travel as the crow flies.I go the directest way.Anyone who eats crow has to admit a mistake.

　　Now let's talk about my sister.She is not very young.She is no spring chicken.She will work any job for chicken feed—a small amount of money.She is easily frightened.For example，she is too chicken-livered to walk down a dark street alone at night.Often she will chicken out—she will not go out alone at night.

　　My sister was an ugly duckling.She looked strange when she was a child，but she grew up to be a beautiful woman.Sometimes she thinks too much about having something in the future before she really has it.She counts her chickens before they are hatched.Sometimes her chickens come home to roost.That means her actions or words cause trouble for her.However，my sister does not worry about what people say about her.Criticism falls off her like water off a duck's back.

　　Politicians are sometimes considered lame ducks after losing an election.They have little time left in office and not much power.Congress holds a lame duck session after an election.Important laws are not passed during this period.

　　'Some expressions about birds

　　Passage outline Explanations

　　bird to be for the birdsnot to be important or interesting

　　to eat like a birdto eat__1__

　　a bird's eye view a general look at an area from above

　　the birds and the bees the basic facts about__2__and reproduction，especially as told to a young person

　　birds of a feather flock togethersaid about people who have similar characters or interests，often spend time with each other

　　a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush you should not risk losing something you already have by trying to get more of something you do not have

　　to__3__two birds with one stoneto succeed in achieving two goals with a single action

　　early__4__catches the worma person who gets up early for work has more chances of success

　　crow as the crow flies to describe a distance when measured in a__5__line between two points or places

　　to eat crow to admit that you are__6__

　　chic -ken no spring chickento be no longer young

　　chicken__7__ a small amount of money

　　to chicken out to decide not to do something because you are too__8__

　　duck an ugly duckling someone or something that is ugly when young or new but will later become__9__

　　a lame duck in politics，an official whose power is__10__because the person who will replace him has already been elected

　　【語篇解讀】 無論是婀娜多姿的《天鵝湖》，還是感動(dòng)人心的烏鴉反哺，還有《野天鵝》中善良的姑娘和她的兄弟們……古今中外所有的故事中，人類與鳥兒們的交集比比皆是。在我們的生活中，它們是一道亮麗的風(fēng)景線，它們是大自然畫在藍(lán)天上的天使。本文就介紹了部分有關(guān)鳥的一些習(xí)語。

　　答案及解析：

　　1．little　[捕捉信息題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Someone who eats like a bird eats very little.”可知。]

　　2．sex　[捕捉信息題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Did you know that if you tell a young person about the birds and the bees you are explaining about sex and birth？”可知。注意句式的變化。]

　　3．kill　[捕捉信息題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Sometimes I can do two things by performing only one action.This is called killing two birds with one stone.”可知。]

　　4．bird　[捕捉信息題。根據(jù)第四段的有關(guān)信息“They believe that the early bird catches the worm.They think that a person who gets up early in the morning for work has the best chance of success.”可知。]

　　5．straight/direct　[捕捉信息題。根據(jù)第五段中的“...when I am driving，I always travel as the crow flies.I go the directest way.”可知。]

　　6．wrong　[信息轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Anyone who eats crow has to admit a mistake.”可知。]

　　7．feed　[捕捉信息題。根據(jù)第六段中的“She will work any job for chicken feed—a small amount of money.”可知。]

　　8．frightened/cowardly　[綜合信息題。根據(jù)第六段中的“She is easily frightened...Often she will chicken out—she will not go out alone at night.”可得出chicken out就是“因害怕而停止做某事”的意思。]

　　9．beautiful　[綜合信息題。根據(jù)第七段中的“My sister was an ugly duckling.She looked strange when she was a child，but she grew up to be a beautiful woman.”可知。]

　　10．reduced　[綜合信息題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“They have little time left in office and not much power.”可知。注意被動(dòng)形式。]