Key： ① believe it or not, most of your problems may actually be good for you ② The reason is that the coral around the lagoon side is in still water

　　③ The coral on the ocean side is constantly being tested by wind, waves and storms

　　④ As it is challenged and tested, it changes and adapts

　　⑤ Challenged and tested, we come alive

　　選修九　Unit 4　Exploring plants

　　1. 課前自測 2. 課堂學案 詞匯接龍

　　1. _______(n. 植物學家)→_______(adj. 植物的；植物學的) 2. _______(vt. & vi. 灌溉；沖洗)→_______(n. 灌溉)→_______(n. 灌溉車；灌溉設備) 3. _______(vt. 限制；約束)→_______(n. 限制；約束)→_______(adj. 拘束的；限制的) 4. _______(n. 流利；流暢)→_______(adj. 流利的；流暢的)→_______(adv. 流利地；通暢地) 5. _______(vt. 給……授粉)→_______(n. 蟲媒；傳粉者)→_______〔n. 授粉(作用)〕 6. _______(adj. 芬芳的；香的)→_______(adv. 芬芳地；愉快地)→_______ (n. 芬芳；香味；香水) 課前自測

　　Key:1. botanist; botanical　2. irrigate; irrigation; irrigator　3. restrict; restriction; restrictive　4. fluency; fluent; fluently　5. pollinate; pollinator; pollination 6. fragrant; fragrantly; fragrance 詞匯接龍

　　7. ______(vt. 降低；跌落；減弱)→_______(adj. 低的；矮小的；沮喪的；下賤的 adv.低聲地；謙卑地；底下地) 8. _______(vt. & vi. 發展；進展；進化)→_______(n. 進化；發展；演變) →_______(adj. 進化的；演變的) 9. _______(adj. 緊的；緊密的 adv. 緊緊地；徹底地)→_______(adv. 緊緊地；堅固地)→_______(vt. 使變緊；使更牢固) 10. _______(vt. 容納；包含；抑制；克制)→_______(n. 容器；集裝箱)→ _______(adj. 泰然自若的；從容的；被控制的)

　　Key:7. lower; low　8. evolve; evolution; evolutionary 9. tight; tightly; tighten　10. contain; container; contained 詞塊互譯 1. 追溯到很久以前

　　________ the earliest times 2. 熱衷于收集新的植物

　　take great interest ________ collecting new plants 3. _________________

　　take the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions 4. _________________

　　record the plant they come across 5. 使植物存活

　　keep plants ________ 6. _________________

　　develop his fluency in Chinese 7. _________________

　　value the study of the natural sciences 8. 一種吸引他的樹

　　a tree that ________ him 9. 附著在動物身上

　　become/be ________ animals 10. _________________

　　increase the chances of survival Key:1. date back to　2. in　3. 借機進行植物探索活動 4. 把他們所見到的植物記錄下來　5. alive　6. 使自己漢語講得流利 7. 重視自然科學的研究　8. appeals to　9. attached to 10. 增加生存的機會 句型補全

　　1.

　　Many ancient civilizations saw the value of ____________ from distant lands. 許多古代文明都懂得把植物從遙遠的地方帶回來的價值。(介賓結構) 2.

　　In 1769, Banks collected vast quantities of plants in the land now ____________ Australia. 1769年，班克斯在如今叫做澳大利亞的地方收集了大量的植物。(過去分詞短語作后置定語) 3.

　　____________ during long land or sea voyages was an enormous challenge. 使植物在陸地上或海上遠距離航行時存活下來是一個巨大的挑戰。(動詞-ing形式作主語)

　　4.

　　So pollination takes place, therefore ____________ of the survival of the plant species. 這樣通過授粉，就增加了植物物種生存的機會。(動詞-ing形式作結果狀語) Key:1. bringing back plants　2. known as　3. Keeping plants alive 4. increasing the chances

　　課文回顧 Key:1. their　2. is rewarded　3. attached　4. and　5. increasing　6. depends 7. as　8. butterflies　9. with　10. to guide

　　　 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。 Over time, many flowering plants and __1__ (they) animal pollinators

　　have evolved together. The plant needs the animal to pollinate it and the animal

　　__2__ (reward) with food called nectar when it visits the flowers. Pollen becomes __3__ (attach) to the animal during its visit to a flower __4__ is then passed on to another plant’s blossom on its next visit. So pollination takes place, therefore __5__ (increase) the chances of the survival of the plant species. The type of pollinator __6__ (depend) on the characteristics of the flower such __7__ its colour, shape, size and smell. For example, yellow flowers attract bees, while red flowers attract __8__ (butterfly). The nectar in some flowers can only be reached by a bird __9__ a long bill or a long-tongued moth or butterfly. Flowers that attract bees often have a special pattern __10__ (guide) the bees to the nectar inside.

　　課堂學案 1. conflict vi. 沖突；抵觸；爭執 n. 沖突；矛盾；斗爭

　　1. Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions, often facing many dangers including disease, near-starvation, severe environments and conflicts with the local people. 勇敢的年輕人借機進行植物探索活動，他們常常面臨許多危險，如疾病、饑餓、惡劣的環境及同當地居民的沖突。 2. Mary often comes into conflict with her sister. 瑪麗經常和她妹妹產生矛盾。 3. Your words conflict with the police evidence. 你的話和警方的證據相矛盾。

　　【詞塊助記】 avoid a conflict 避免沖突 resolve a conflict 解決爭端 political conflict 政治分歧 conflict of interest(s) 利益/利害沖突 (in) conflict with 與……有分歧/沖突 come into conflict with 與……發生沖突/產生矛盾/戰斗 conflict among/between ……之間的矛盾沖突

　　【構詞】conflicting adj. 沖突的；相矛盾的；不一致的

　　1. John often comes into a conflict with his boss. 2. She found ________ (she) in conflict with her parents over her future career. Key：1. 去掉a　2. herself

　　2. scale n. 刻度；等級；規模；音階；量程；磅秤

　　vt. & vi. 衡量；攀登；依比例決定

　　1. (2024上海卷) Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are far apart on the musical scale. 這些天生不喜歡聽音樂的人只有在兩個音符相差較多音階時才聽得出差別所在。 2. (2024上海卷) Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. 伍德說該設計為研究飛行器提供了一種全新的方法并能使其規模控制到昆蟲一般大小。 3. The force of the wind is measured on a standard scale of 0-12. 風力是按0-12級標準等級測量的。 4. They are determined to spare no efforts to scale the peaks in science and technology. 他們決心全力攀登科技高峰。

　　production scale 生產規模 full scale 全尺寸；完全的 on a large/small scale 大規模地/小規模地 scale up/down 按比例增加/減少

　　【詞塊助記】 1. In recent years university graduates are stepping into society ________ a large scale,

　　________ arouses much concern. 2. The company began to scale up its ________ (operate) in Asia. Key：1. on; which　2. operation

　　【詞塊助記】 3. restriction n. 限制；約束

　　1. (2024江蘇卷) The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. 我們在利用資源方面的最大限制是在一件事上所能投入的時間有限，因此我們尋求在時間投入上的利益最大化。 2. The government has agreed to lift restrictions on press freedom. 政府已經同意撤銷對資訊自由的限制。

　　import/export restrictions 進口/出口限制 credit restriction 信用限額 restriction factor 制約因素 place/impose a restriction on sth. 對……實行限制 restrict…to 把……限制/控制在……

　　【構詞】restrict vt. 限制；束縛；妨礙；約束

　　restrictive adj. 限制性的；約束的

　　restricted adj. 有限的；受限制的

　　1. For the first month, patients are restricted ________ two cigarettes a day. 2. People flooded to a local auto market on Sunday, a day before the city imposed ________ (restrict) on the purchase of vehicles. Key：1. to　2. restrictions

　　【詞塊助記】 4. postpone vt. 延遲；推遲

　　1. (2024江蘇卷) The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed. 下午兩點左右傳來會議將被推遲的通知。 2. Let’s postpone making a decision until we have more information. 讓我們獲取更多情報以后再做決定也不遲。

　　postpone the meeting 推遲會議 postpone a payment 延期支付 postpone doing sth. 推遲做某事 postpone sth.(to/till) 將某事延期/推遲(到……) postpone temporarily 臨時延期

　　【構詞】postponed adj. 延期的；推遲的

　　1. My parents suggested to postponing our visit to the pyramids because we didn’t have enough money. 2. It was ________ unpopular decision to postpone ________ (build) the new hospital. Key：1. 去掉to　2. an; building

　　5

　　tight adj. 緊的；牢固的；緊湊的；沒空的

　　adv. 緊緊地；牢固地

　　1. (2024全國卷Ⅱ) Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule. 這里有三個訣竅讓你在緊湊繁忙的生活中仍能烹飪出佳品。 2. (2024上海卷) I have a tight budget for the trip, so I’m not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket prices. 這次旅行我手頭很緊，所以除非機票降價否則我是不會乘坐飛機的。 3. My son holds tight to my hand every time we walk in the dark street. 每次走在黑暗的街上，兒子都緊緊地抓住我的手。

　　a tight knot/coat/boat 死結/緊身上衣/不漏水的船 be on a tight schedule 緊湊的日程安排 tight budget 手頭很緊；預算很緊 be tight with sth. 在……上吝嗇 in a tight corner 處于困境

　　【詞塊助記】 【拓展】tighten vt. (使)變緊；更加牢固；加強

　　1. That coat looks tightly, but she really loves it. 2. (2024福建卷改編)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats ________ being attacked. Key：1. tightly改為tight　2. from

　　6. bring back 帶回；回憶起；使恢復(狀態)

　　1. The song brings back happy memories of my childhood. 這首歌使我想起了快樂的童年。 2. (2024陜西卷) The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. 咖啡豆的生產是一筆利潤很高的生意，但不幸的是，把咖啡種在曠野上的生產方式正大行其道并且帶來很大的傷害。

　　3. (2024陜西卷) Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their school grades. 那些幫助孩子完成家庭作業的家長也許反而會讓孩子的學習成績下降。 4. (2024江西卷) Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. 醫生被授以最前沿的技術以使那里的人們重現光明。

　　【頭腦風暴】 bring about 引起；導致 bring back to life 使蘇醒；使生動/活潑 bring down 使掉下或倒下；擊敗；降價；使落到(某種地步) bring in 收獲；賺錢；引進 bring out 呈現出；出版；使清楚/明顯 bring up 養育；提出；嘔吐

　　7. give out 分發；發出(光、熱)；公布；耗盡；用完

　　1. Just as I approached the finish line, my legs finally gave out. 就在我快到終點時，雙腿徹底跑不動了。 2. (2024遼寧卷)We have given away half of what we owned through websites. 我們已通過網絡捐出我們擁有的一半物品。 3. Living here has given me back my health. 在這里居住使我恢復了健康。 4. She gave forth the same view at the meeting. 她在會議上發表了同樣的觀點。 5. The argument went on for hours as neither side would give in. 因為雙方都不肯讓步，爭論持續了幾個小時。 6. The chimney gives off a lot of harmful gases. 煙囪放出大量的有害氣體。

　　【頭腦風暴】 give away 頒發(獎品等)；贈送；泄露(秘密等) give back 歸還；恢復 give forth 發出；發表 give in(to) 向……屈服；上交 give off 發出(氣味、光、熱等) give up 放棄 give way to 讓位于；讓步；給……讓路

　　【微解析】 8. However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. 然而，直到18和19世紀人們對植物世界的探索才大規模地展開。

　　It is/was not until…that是強調句型，表示“直到……才”，被強調部分是not until 后表示時間的短語或從句。that后的部分要用肯定形式。此外，not until 結構也可放在句首表示強調，此時主句用倒裝。

　　【仿寫】 1. ________ the son made a phone call home that he abandoned the idea of reporting the missing case to the police. 直到他兒子給家里打電話時他才放棄了向警察報告失蹤案的想法。

　　2. It was Ma Yun’s persistence and innovation ________ contributed to his success. 正是馬云的堅持不懈和創新精神造就了他的成功。 Key：1. It was not until　2. that 【單句改錯】 3. Not until they left school that they realize how much their teachers loved them. Key：3. that改為did

　　某同學對珊瑚(coral)很感興趣，在網上搜集了關于珊瑚的信息后，大有感觸，寫了如下一篇關于人與珊瑚的文章，請根據中文提示將文章補充完整。 1. 信不信由你，你的大部分問題也許實際上是對你有幫助的； 2. 原因是環湖礁旁的珊瑚是生活在靜水里的； 3. 海洋中的珊瑚則經常受到風、浪及暴風雨的考驗； 4. 隨著它被挑戰被考驗，珊瑚也跟著改變和適應； 5. 在挑戰和考驗中，我們活下來了！ Don’t worry if you have problems! If you’re breathing, you have difficulties. It’s the way of life. And ①________． The lagoon(環礁湖) side of the Great Barrier Reef looks pale and lifeless, while the ocean side is lively and colorful. ②________， with no challenge for its survival. It dies early. ③________. It has to fight for survival every day of its life. ④________. It grows healthy. It grows strong. And it reproduces. That’s how it is with people. ⑤________！ Like coral struck by the waves, we grow. Physical demands can cause us to grow stronger. Mental and emotional stress can produce strength and patience. Spiritual testing can produce strength of character and faithfulness. So, you have problems—no problem! Just tell yourself, “There I grow again！”

　　【寫作導航】 1. 用固定短語believe it or not來表達要點1； 2. 用the reason is that結構來表達要點2；“靜水”表達為still water； 3. 要點3應表達出動作的反復性，建議使用is constantly being done的結構； 4. 要點4可用as結構來表達“隨著……某物也跟著……”； 5. 要點5可用過去分詞作狀語的結構來表達。

　　Key： ① believe it or not, most of your problems may actually be good for you ② The reason is that the coral around the lagoon side is in still water

　　③ The coral on the ocean side is constantly being tested by wind, waves and storms

　　④ As it is challenged and tested, it changes and adapts

　　⑤ Challenged and tested, we come alive

　　選修九　Unit 4　Exploring plants

　　1. 課前自測 2. 課堂學案 詞匯接龍

　　1. _______(n. 植物學家)→_______(adj. 植物的；植物學的) 2. _______(vt. & vi. 灌溉；沖洗)→_______(n. 灌溉)→_______(n. 灌溉車；灌溉設備) 3. _______(vt. 限制；約束)→_______(n. 限制；約束)→_______(adj. 拘束的；限制的) 4. _______(n. 流利；流暢)→_______(adj. 流利的；流暢的)→_______(adv. 流利地；通暢地) 5. _______(vt. 給……授粉)→_______(n. 蟲媒；傳粉者)→_______〔n. 授粉(作用)〕 6. _______(adj. 芬芳的；香的)→_______(adv. 芬芳地；愉快地)→_______ (n. 芬芳；香味；香水) 課前自測

　　Key:1. botanist; botanical　2. irrigate; irrigation; irrigator　3. restrict; restriction; restrictive　4. fluency; fluent; fluently　5. pollinate; pollinator; pollination 6. fragrant; fragrantly; fragrance 詞匯接龍

　　7. ______(vt. 降低；跌落；減弱)→_______(adj. 低的；矮小的；沮喪的；下賤的 adv.低聲地；謙卑地；底下地) 8. _______(vt. & vi. 發展；進展；進化)→_______(n. 進化；發展；演變) →_______(adj. 進化的；演變的) 9. _______(adj. 緊的；緊密的 adv. 緊緊地；徹底地)→_______(adv. 緊緊地；堅固地)→_______(vt. 使變緊；使更牢固) 10. _______(vt. 容納；包含；抑制；克制)→_______(n. 容器；集裝箱)→ _______(adj. 泰然自若的；從容的；被控制的)

　　Key:7. lower; low　8. evolve; evolution; evolutionary 9. tight; tightly; tighten　10. contain; container; contained 詞塊互譯 1. 追溯到很久以前

　　________ the earliest times 2. 熱衷于收集新的植物

　　take great interest ________ collecting new plants 3. _________________

　　take the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions 4. _________________

　　record the plant they come across 5. 使植物存活

　　keep plants ________ 6. _________________

　　develop his fluency in Chinese 7. _________________

　　value the study of the natural sciences 8. 一種吸引他的樹

　　a tree that ________ him 9. 附著在動物身上

　　become/be ________ animals 10. _________________

　　increase the chances of survival Key:1. date back to　2. in　3. 借機進行植物探索活動 4. 把他們所見到的植物記錄下來　5. alive　6. 使自己漢語講得流利 7. 重視自然科學的研究　8. appeals to　9. attached to 10. 增加生存的機會 句型補全

　　1.

　　Many ancient civilizations saw the value of ____________ from distant lands. 許多古代文明都懂得把植物從遙遠的地方帶回來的價值。(介賓結構) 2.

　　In 1769, Banks collected vast quantities of plants in the land now ____________ Australia. 1769年，班克斯在如今叫做澳大利亞的地方收集了大量的植物。(過去分詞短語作后置定語) 3.

　　____________ during long land or sea voyages was an enormous challenge. 使植物在陸地上或海上遠距離航行時存活下來是一個巨大的挑戰。(動詞-ing形式作主語)

　　4.

　　So pollination takes place, therefore ____________ of the survival of the plant species. 這樣通過授粉，就增加了植物物種生存的機會。(動詞-ing形式作結果狀語) Key:1. bringing back plants　2. known as　3. Keeping plants alive 4. increasing the chances

　　課文回顧 Key:1. their　2. is rewarded　3. attached　4. and　5. increasing　6. depends 7. as　8. butterflies　9. with　10. to guide

　　　 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。 Over time, many flowering plants and __1__ (they) animal pollinators

　　have evolved together. The plant needs the animal to pollinate it and the animal

　　__2__ (reward) with food called nectar when it visits the flowers. Pollen becomes __3__ (attach) to the animal during its visit to a flower __4__ is then passed on to another plant’s blossom on its next visit. So pollination takes place, therefore __5__ (increase) the chances of the survival of the plant species. The type of pollinator __6__ (depend) on the characteristics of the flower such __7__ its colour, shape, size and smell. For example, yellow flowers attract bees, while red flowers attract __8__ (butterfly). The nectar in some flowers can only be reached by a bird __9__ a long bill or a long-tongued moth or butterfly. Flowers that attract bees often have a special pattern __10__ (guide) the bees to the nectar inside.

　　課堂學案 1. conflict vi. 沖突；抵觸；爭執 n. 沖突；矛盾；斗爭

　　1. Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions, often facing many dangers including disease, near-starvation, severe environments and conflicts with the local people. 勇敢的年輕人借機進行植物探索活動，他們常常面臨許多危險，如疾病、饑餓、惡劣的環境及同當地居民的沖突。 2. Mary often comes into conflict with her sister. 瑪麗經常和她妹妹產生矛盾。 3. Your words conflict with the police evidence. 你的話和警方的證據相矛盾。

　　【詞塊助記】 avoid a conflict 避免沖突 resolve a conflict 解決爭端 political conflict 政治分歧 conflict of interest(s) 利益/利害沖突 (in) conflict with 與……有分歧/沖突 come into conflict with 與……發生沖突/產生矛盾/戰斗 conflict among/between ……之間的矛盾沖突

　　【構詞】conflicting adj. 沖突的；相矛盾的；不一致的

　　1. John often comes into a conflict with his boss. 2. She found ________ (she) in conflict with her parents over her future career. Key：1. 去掉a　2. herself

　　2. scale n. 刻度；等級；規模；音階；量程；磅秤

　　vt. & vi. 衡量；攀登；依比例決定

　　1. (2024上海卷) Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are far apart on the musical scale. 這些天生不喜歡聽音樂的人只有在兩個音符相差較多音階時才聽得出差別所在。 2. (2024上海卷) Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. 伍德說該設計為研究飛行器提供了一種全新的方法并能使其規模控制到昆蟲一般大小。 3. The force of the wind is measured on a standard scale of 0-12. 風力是按0-12級標準等級測量的。 4. They are determined to spare no efforts to scale the peaks in science and technology. 他們決心全力攀登科技高峰。

　　production scale 生產規模 full scale 全尺寸；完全的 on a large/small scale 大規模地/小規模地 scale up/down 按比例增加/減少

　　【詞塊助記】 1. In recent years university graduates are stepping into society ________ a large scale,

　　________ arouses much concern. 2. The company began to scale up its ________ (operate) in Asia. Key：1. on; which　2. operation

　　【詞塊助記】 3. restriction n. 限制；約束

　　1. (2024江蘇卷) The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. 我們在利用資源方面的最大限制是在一件事上所能投入的時間有限，因此我們尋求在時間投入上的利益最大化。 2. The government has agreed to lift restrictions on press freedom. 政府已經同意撤銷對資訊自由的限制。

　　import/export restrictions 進口/出口限制 credit restriction 信用限額 restriction factor 制約因素 place/impose a restriction on sth. 對……實行限制 restrict…to 把……限制/控制在……

　　【構詞】restrict vt. 限制；束縛；妨礙；約束

　　restrictive adj. 限制性的；約束的

　　restricted adj. 有限的；受限制的

　　1. For the first month, patients are restricted ________ two cigarettes a day. 2. People flooded to a local auto market on Sunday, a day before the city imposed ________ (restrict) on the purchase of vehicles. Key：1. to　2. restrictions

　　【詞塊助記】 4. postpone vt. 延遲；推遲

　　1. (2024江蘇卷) The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed. 下午兩點左右傳來會議將被推遲的通知。 2. Let’s postpone making a decision until we have more information. 讓我們獲取更多情報以后再做決定也不遲。

　　postpone the meeting 推遲會議 postpone a payment 延期支付 postpone doing sth. 推遲做某事 postpone sth.(to/till) 將某事延期/推遲(到……) postpone temporarily 臨時延期

　　【構詞】postponed adj. 延期的；推遲的

　　1. My parents suggested to postponing our visit to the pyramids because we didn’t have enough money. 2. It was ________ unpopular decision to postpone ________ (build) the new hospital. Key：1. 去掉to　2. an; building

　　5

　　tight adj. 緊的；牢固的；緊湊的；沒空的

　　adv. 緊緊地；牢固地

　　1. (2024全國卷Ⅱ) Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule. 這里有三個訣竅讓你在緊湊繁忙的生活中仍能烹飪出佳品。 2. (2024上海卷) I have a tight budget for the trip, so I’m not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket prices. 這次旅行我手頭很緊，所以除非機票降價否則我是不會乘坐飛機的。 3. My son holds tight to my hand every time we walk in the dark street. 每次走在黑暗的街上，兒子都緊緊地抓住我的手。

　　a tight knot/coat/boat 死結/緊身上衣/不漏水的船 be on a tight schedule 緊湊的日程安排 tight budget 手頭很緊；預算很緊 be tight with sth. 在……上吝嗇 in a tight corner 處于困境

　　【詞塊助記】 【拓展】tighten vt. (使)變緊；更加牢固；加強

　　1. That coat looks tightly, but she really loves it. 2. (2024福建卷改編)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats ________ being attacked. Key：1. tightly改為tight　2. from

　　6. bring back 帶回；回憶起；使恢復(狀態)

　　1. The song brings back happy memories of my childhood. 這首歌使我想起了快樂的童年。 2. (2024陜西卷) The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. 咖啡豆的生產是一筆利潤很高的生意，但不幸的是，把咖啡種在曠野上的生產方式正大行其道并且帶來很大的傷害。

　　3. (2024陜西卷) Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their school grades. 那些幫助孩子完成家庭作業的家長也許反而會讓孩子的學習成績下降。 4. (2024江西卷) Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. 醫生被授以最前沿的技術以使那里的人們重現光明。

　　【頭腦風暴】 bring about 引起；導致 bring back to life 使蘇醒；使生動/活潑 bring down 使掉下或倒下；擊敗；降價；使落到(某種地步) bring in 收獲；賺錢；引進 bring out 呈現出；出版；使清楚/明顯 bring up 養育；提出；嘔吐

　　7. give out 分發；發出(光、熱)；公布；耗盡；用完

　　1. Just as I approached the finish line, my legs finally gave out. 就在我快到終點時，雙腿徹底跑不動了。 2. (2024遼寧卷)We have given away half of what we owned through websites. 我們已通過網絡捐出我們擁有的一半物品。 3. Living here has given me back my health. 在這里居住使我恢復了健康。 4. She gave forth the same view at the meeting. 她在會議上發表了同樣的觀點。 5. The argument went on for hours as neither side would give in. 因為雙方都不肯讓步，爭論持續了幾個小時。 6. The chimney gives off a lot of harmful gases. 煙囪放出大量的有害氣體。

　　【頭腦風暴】 give away 頒發(獎品等)；贈送；泄露(秘密等) give back 歸還；恢復 give forth 發出；發表 give in(to) 向……屈服；上交 give off 發出(氣味、光、熱等) give up 放棄 give way to 讓位于；讓步；給……讓路

　　【微解析】 8. However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. 然而，直到18和19世紀人們對植物世界的探索才大規模地展開。

　　It is/was not until…that是強調句型，表示“直到……才”，被強調部分是not until 后表示時間的短語或從句。that后的部分要用肯定形式。此外，not until 結構也可放在句首表示強調，此時主句用倒裝。

　　【仿寫】 1. ________ the son made a phone call home that he abandoned the idea of reporting the missing case to the police. 直到他兒子給家里打電話時他才放棄了向警察報告失蹤案的想法。

　　2. It was Ma Yun’s persistence and innovation ________ contributed to his success. 正是馬云的堅持不懈和創新精神造就了他的成功。 Key：1. It was not until　2. that 【單句改錯】 3. Not until they left school that they realize how much their teachers loved them. Key：3. that改為did

　　某同學對珊瑚(coral)很感興趣，在網上搜集了關于珊瑚的信息后，大有感觸，寫了如下一篇關于人與珊瑚的文章，請根據中文提示將文章補充完整。 1. 信不信由你，你的大部分問題也許實際上是對你有幫助的； 2. 原因是環湖礁旁的珊瑚是生活在靜水里的； 3. 海洋中的珊瑚則經常受到風、浪及暴風雨的考驗； 4. 隨著它被挑戰被考驗，珊瑚也跟著改變和適應； 5. 在挑戰和考驗中，我們活下來了！ Don’t worry if you have problems! If you’re breathing, you have difficulties. It’s the way of life. And ①________． The lagoon(環礁湖) side of the Great Barrier Reef looks pale and lifeless, while the ocean side is lively and colorful. ②________， with no challenge for its survival. It dies early. ③________. It has to fight for survival every day of its life. ④________. It grows healthy. It grows strong. And it reproduces. That’s how it is with people. ⑤________！ Like coral struck by the waves, we grow. Physical demands can cause us to grow stronger. Mental and emotional stress can produce strength and patience. Spiritual testing can produce strength of character and faithfulness. So, you have problems—no problem! Just tell yourself, “There I grow again！”

　　【寫作導航】 1. 用固定短語believe it or not來表達要點1； 2. 用the reason is that結構來表達要點2；“靜水”表達為still water； 3. 要點3應表達出動作的反復性，建議使用is constantly being done的結構； 4. 要點4可用as結構來表達“隨著……某物也跟著……”； 5. 要點5可用過去分詞作狀語的結構來表達。