SBⅠUnits 19-20

　　重點句型

　　1. It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China. (SBⅠ U19)

　　就是在這些耕地上中國農民為全國的人口生產食物。

　　強調句型“It is(was)+強調部分+that(who)＋其他部分”。

　　使用強調句型應注意的幾個問題：

　　(1)強調主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要與被強調的部分一致（即與原主語一致）。

　　It is I who/that am your true friend.

　　我才是你真正的朋友。

　　(2)如果對not until 時間狀語進行強調，這個not必須移到until前邊去。

　　It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began.

　　直到1920年，正式的收音廣播才開始。

　　(3)What/Who/When/Where/Why/How+is/was it that...?

　　Why was it that she did it?

　　她到底為什么要做那件事？

　　(4)強調句中含有定語從句的情況

　　It was in the cinema where they met for the first time that they got together every year.

　　他們就是在首次見面的電影院每年聚會一次。

　　(5)強調句在名詞性從句中都要用陳述語序。

　　I want to know whose pen it was that he borrowed just now.

　　我想知道他剛才借的筆是誰的。

　　How it was that he had solved the problem was still a mystery.

　　他是怎樣解決這個問題的，始終還是一個秘密。

　　①__________________(直到車子停下來) that I got off the bus.

　　②__________________(是約翰) I met yesterday at the school gate.

　　③__________________(是誰) always making fun of him because of his accent?

　　④I wonder __________________(到底為什么) she did it.

　　【答案】

　　①It was not until it had stopped

　　②It was John that/who

　　③Who is it that

　　④why it was that

　　2. … when possible (SBⅠ U19)

　　…… 當有可能時

　　狀語從句中可省略一些部分（常常省略的是主語和動詞be）

　　when / whenever / if (it is / was) possible / necessary…

　　①Please rewrite the composition ____________________________(有可能的話)．

　　②Tell it to your parents __________________(必要時)．

　　③— Some of you may have finished unit one, ______， you can go on to unit two.(2009·江西卷)

　　A. if you may

　　B. if you do

　　C. if not

　　D. if so

　　【答案】

　　①when (it is) possible

　　②if (it is) necessary

　　③D　so代替前句意思的肯定情況，not代替前句意思的否定情況。if so=if you have finished unit one。 課文原句高考對照

　　Although body language and their face are important in their shows, they…

　　盡管肢體語和面部表情在他們的表演中很重要…… 　

　　______ the police thought he was the

　　most likely one, since they had no exact

　　proof about it, they could not arrest

　　him.(2009?湖南卷)

　　　A. Although

　　B. As long as

　　C. If only

　　D. As soon as

　　解析：選A。句意：盡管警察認為他最

　　有可能，但由于沒有確切的證據，他們

　　不能逮捕他

　　課文原句高考對照 課文原句高考對照

　　　Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where…

　　中國喜劇的典型是相聲…… 　

　　Jack is late again. It is ______ of him

　　to keep others waiting.(2008?江西卷)

　　A. normal

　　B. ordinary

　　C. common

　　D. typical

　　解析：選D。句意：杰克又遲到了。讓

　　別人等候是他的一貫作風。

　　課文原句高考對照 課文原句高考對照

　　　We both fell, but fortunately neither of us was hurt.

　　我倆都摔跤了，但幸運的是無一人受傷。 　

　　　It was hard for him to learn English

　　in a family, in which ______ of the

　　parents spoke the language.(2008?北京卷)

　　A. none

　　B. neither

　　C. both

　　D. each

　　解析：選B。句意：在父母都不會講英語

　　的家庭學英語，對他來說是件難事。

　　語法精講

　　——虛擬語氣

　　1.虛擬語氣在非真實的條件狀語從句、賓語從句中的運用；

　　2.含蓄虛擬條件句與混合虛擬條件句的運用；

　　3.條件句中if 省略的倒裝結構的考查。

　　虛擬語氣

　　虛擬語氣表示說話人的主觀愿望、請求、建議等，或者表示實現的可能性極小或與事實相反的虛擬假設。

　　下面從虛擬語氣的假設和非假設意義方面作歸納總結。

　　指說話人的請求、建議、命令等。常用于“(should)+動詞原形”的結構中。

　　1.在表示“堅持”，“命令”，“建議”，“要求”的動詞后的賓語從句中。如：insist , order, command, advise, suggest, propose, recommend, urge (主張), ask（要求）, demand, require, request, desire (希望)等。

　　He insisted the girl (should) be taken to the cinema.

　　他堅持認為這個女孩子應該被帶到電影院去。

　　The teacher recommended that we(should) read the book.

　　老師建議我們讀這本書。

　　注意：當suggest的意思是“暗示，表明”，insist的意思是“堅持說”，“堅持某事實的真相”時，它們的賓語從句不能用虛擬語氣。

　　What he said suggested he was very satisfied with my work.

　　他所說的表明他對我的工作很滿意。

　　He insisted that he had cleaned the room by himself.

　　他堅持說是他自己打掃房間的。

　　2.在It is demanded/ desired/ insisted/ ordered/ proposed/ requested that… 的主語從句中。

　　It is desired that he (should) carry out the plan.

　　他想執行這個計劃。

　　3.在advice, suggestion, proposal, motion (提議), recommendation, order, command, demand, desire, request, requirement, pray(請求), necessity (需要)， decision等引導的表語從句和同位語從句中。

　　Her suggestion is that we (should ) challenge the other group to a friendly competition.

　　她建議我們向另一組提出友好挑戰。

　　His proposal that we (should) plant many trees is accepted.

　　他建議多種樹的計劃被接受。

　　4.在It is advisable（可取的，適當的）/desirable（合意的, 合乎需要的）/important/necessary/natural/urgent (緊迫的)/vital (重要的)/essential (非常重要的)/strange/surprising/incredible/a pity/a shame/no wonder/no surprise that… 主語從句中。

　　It’s quite natural that he (should) leave so soon.

　　很自然他應很快離開。

　　It is no wonder that they (should) have won the game.

　　怪不得他們贏了比賽。

　　5.在由so that, lest(免得), for fear that(生怕), in case(以防，萬一),引導的目的狀語從句中。

　　Please remind her of it lest/for fear that she (should) forget it.

　　請提醒她，以防她忘了。

　　Take your raincoat with you in case it (should) rain.

　　帶上雨衣以防下雨。

　　6.在It is( high/about) time that… 中。

　　It is high time you should get up/got up. (此結構中的should 不能省略)

　　到了該起床的時間。

　　7.在用倒裝結構表祝愿、詛咒、禁止的句子中。

　　Long live the People’s Republic of China!

　　中華人民共和國萬歲。

　　So help me, God !

　　如此眷顧我，天哪！

　　Heaven forbid!

　　蒼天不容！

　　May you be happy every day!

　　祝你天天快樂。

　　指說話人對某種事實的相反的假設和主觀愿望，而這種愿望一般難以實現，或不可能實現。

　　1.虛擬語氣在非真實條件從句中：

　　從句的謂語動詞形式 主句的謂語動詞形式

　　表示現

　　在情況

　　If+主語＋動詞過去式 should/would/could/might+動詞原形

　　表示過

　　去情況

　　If+主語+had+過去分詞 should/would/could/might + have+過去分詞

　　表示將

　　來情況 If+主語+should+動詞原形

　　If + were to+動詞原形If+動詞過去式 should/would/could/might+動詞原形

　　①與現在事實相反：

　　If I had time, I would come.

　　如果我有時間，我將來。

　　②與過去事實相反：

　　If you had helped me, I would not have failed.

　　如果你幫了我，我就不會失敗了。

　　③與將來事實相反：

　　If it should/were to rain, we would put off the meeting.

　　要是天下雨，我們會推遲會議。

　　注意：以上非真實條件從句中的倒裝情況：

　　當從句的謂語中含有should，were，had時，可將if省略，將should，were，had提到句首。但否定式不可用縮略式。

　　Hadn’t it been for the captain, the ship would have sunk. (錯誤)

　　Had it not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk.（正確）

　　要不是船長，船早就沉了。

　　Should he come, I would not leave.

　　如果他來，我將不會離開。

　　Were the teacher to come, I would ask him for help.

　　如果老師來，我將請求他幫忙。

　　2.混合虛擬形式：

　　當從句跟主句的動作的時間不一致，這時主句和從句的謂語動詞形式需要根據意思來確定。

　　①If you had followed his advice, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.（從句說明過去，主句now說明現在）

　　你當初如果聽從他的建議，現在就不會陷入這種困境了。

　　②If I were you, I wouldn’t have done the foolish thing. (從句指現在，主句指過去)

　　如果我是你，我就不會做這種傻事情。

　　3.含蓄虛擬條件句：

　　由介詞(短語) but for/without（要不是）, with （有）, 連詞 or, otherwise 或but 以及suppose，supposing，providing等詞表示if，引出虛擬句。

　　But for/Without you, I could not be recovered so soon.

　　=If it had not been for you, I couldn’t …

　　要不是你，我不可能康復這么快。

　　With your help, I might finish it earlier.

　　有了你的幫助，我會提前完成。

　　He telephoned to tell me the date of the meeting, or/otherwise I would have missed it.

　　他電話通知了我會議日期，否則我會錯過的。

　　I told him to go there himself, but perhaps I should have gone together with him.

　　我告訴他自己去那兒，但也許我應該和他一起去。

　　Suppose you were in my shoes, what would you do?

　　如果你穿我的鞋，你將會怎樣呢？

　　4.if only虛擬句：

　　If only you were my sister!

　　要是你是我妹妹就好了。

　　If only he had known it!

　　要是他早知道就好了。

　　6.wish后賓語從句的虛擬形式：

　　①與現在的愿望不相符：did/ were

　　I wish I were you.

　　我多么希望我是你。

　　He wishes he had a big house.

　　他希望他有一幢大房子。

　　②與過去的愿望不相符：had done

　　I wish I had not said that.

　　我希望我沒說那件事。

　　③表示將來不大可能實現的愿望：would/could/might do

　　I wish it would rain tomorrow.

　　我希望明天下雨。

　　7.狀語從句中的虛擬形式：

　　由as if /though引導的方式狀語從句或表語從句可以用陳述語氣表示可能符合事實的情況，也可以用虛擬語氣表示與事實不符或與事實相反的情況。

　　①表示與現在事實不相符，用一般過去時。

　　The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child.

　　老師把這個學生當作她自己的孩子一樣看待。

　　②表示與過去事實不相符，用過去完成時。

　　I felt as if it had happened yesterday.

　　我感覺那似乎是發生在昨天。

　　③表示與將來事實不相符，用“would/might/could + do”。

　　It looks as if it would/might/could rain.

　　天看起來要下雨。

　　() 1.Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ______. (2010·浙江卷)

　　A. would have been saved

　　B. had been saved

　　C. will be saved

　　D. was saved

　　A

　　考查虛擬語氣。根據句子的倒裝特征判斷此處是省略了if的虛擬語氣，原形是：If I had known about this computer program，可見條件與過去事實相反。

　　() 2. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he ______ more on its culture. (2010·江蘇卷)

　　A. focus

　　B. focused

　　C. would focus

　　D. had focused

　　B

　　would rather后應用虛擬語氣，表示與現在事實相反，用動詞的過去式。

　　() 3. — Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.

　　— Oh, you______ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. (2010·上海卷)

　　A. must

　　B. mustn't

　　C. should

　　D. shouldn't

　　C

　　此處表示和過去事實相反的情況，應該用should + have done：本來應該做而未做。

　　書面表達：看圖類寫作技巧

　　【要點概述】

　　看圖類寫作要求考生有較強的邏輯思維能力和語言組織能力。

　　看圖類寫作應該注意以下兩個方面的問題：

　　仔細觀察幾幅圖畫，如果是以記人敘事故事情節為主要內容的，就要弄清楚故事的開頭和結尾，并理清整個事件發展的前因后果，把圖片展示的人物、地點、時間、事件等有機地組合起來，切勿遺漏某些細節。然后用連貫的句子造句成篇。如果是說理性為主的內容，就要看懂圖畫內容并加以描述，最后對圖畫中要反映的現實問題加以議論，發表看法。

　　2. 確定短文的時態和人稱。