2．At the beginning of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, one of Verne's most famous novels, ships are disappearing all over the world and it is_believed_to_be caused by a sea monster. 考點提取：be believed to... 是固定句式，意為“據說，人們認為，有人相信”。 感悟應用：據說大火是由于粗心引起的。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ by carelessness. 答案：The fire was believed to be caused

　　3．They find themselves surrounded by colourful rocks, fishes, seashells and plants, all_waving_ and_moving_slowly_in_the_blue_waters. 考點提取：all waving and moving slowly in the blue waters是獨立主格結構，這種結構在句中可充當原因、時間、條件、伴隨情況等。 感悟應用：因為媽媽病了，她只能呆在家里照顧她。 ________ ________ ________， she had to stay at home looking after her. 答案：Mother being ill 4．Dressed_in diving suits, Captain Nemo and his guests walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ship. 考點提取：dressed in為過去分詞短語作狀語。 感悟應用：在他的話的鼓舞下，我們決心更加努力學習。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， we were determined to study harder. 答案：Inspired by what he said 考點探究課堂講一講 考點 ... all waving and moving slowly in the blue waters. ……它們都在藍色的海水中隨波起伏、慢慢地移動著。 此處構成獨立主格結構。當分詞(短語)作狀語時，其邏輯主語通常是句中的主語，但有時分詞(短語)有自己的主語，這種結構稱為獨立主格結構，其構成為“名詞/代詞＋現在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞/副詞/名詞/介詞短語”。獨立主格結構在句中作狀語，表示時間、原因、條件、伴隨等情況。

　　①Spring_coming(來了) on, the fields turn green. ②Her glasses broken(break), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. ③He came home, his nose red_with_cold(凍得通紅)． ④Weather_permitting(天氣許可), we will climb the hill. ⑤The problems solved(solve), the quality has been improved. 兩年模擬過關測一測 　(2011·江蘇揚州模擬)Mr. Smith has three children, the youngest of them ________ music at college. A．is studying

　　B．studies C．studying

　　D．studied 解析：此題容易選擇A。注意句子結構，如果后面為the youngest of whom則應選擇A，此處應為省略with的復合結構。(with) the youngest of them studying music at college。 答案：C

　　Ⅰ.請選用方框內所給短語的適當形式完成下列句子。 throw light on， cut in， set out， call off， turn out， go aboard， apply to， hesitate about

　　1．The results of this research can ________ new development in technology. 答案：be applied to 2．As soon as we ________， our ship left port. 答案：went aboard 3．The learned scholar ________ the question raised by the audience how life began. 答案：threw light on 4．With news press progressing, a news reporter ________ with a sensitive political question. 答案：cut in 5．Obviously, he's very disappointed at the way things have ________. 答案：turned out 6．—Are you sure that we are going to a picnic tomorrow? —Yes. But should it rain, we would have to ________ the picnic. 答案：call off 7．She's still ________ sending her son to college. 答案：hesitating 8．It was raining when we ________， but after about half an hour the weather cleared up. 答案：set out

　　Ⅱ.語法專練(用構詞法知識填空) 1．Mr. Black is an ________ in the army, not an ________ in the government. You can not easily find him in his ________. A．official; officer; office B．officer; office; official C．official; official; official

　　D．officer; official; office

　　解析：考查派生詞。句意：布萊克先生是個軍官，不是公務員，你在辦公室不容易找到他。office辦公室；official常指政府官員，行政官員，高級職員，公務員，如government officials政府官員；officer常指穿著制服的官員、軍官、武官等，如customs officer海關人員，railway officer乘務員，an officer of the law法官，police officer警官。

　　答案：D 2．Canada is mainly an ________ country. A．English-speaking

　　B．speak-English C．spoken-English

　　D．English-spoken 解析：考查合成詞。句意：加拿大是個主要說英語的國家。English-speaking說英語的。 答案：A 3．My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the ________ news about Iraq War? A．lately

　　B．latest C．later

　　D．latter 解析：考查派生詞。句意：我的電視出毛病了，你能告訴我有關伊拉克戰爭的最新消息嗎？lately最近，latest最新的，later后來，the latter后者。 答案：B 4．The ________ ordered him to pay a $ 100 fine. A．judger

　　B．judgment C．judge

　　D．judging 解析：考查轉化詞。句意：法官命令他交付100美元的罰款。judge法官，judgment審判。 答案：C Ⅲ.寫作練筆(留言條) 假如你是李華，你的好友Tom來自澳大利亞，周六你去找他，但他不在家。請給他寫個留言條，內容包括： 1．原定周日上午去踢球，然后去書店買書，你不能去了； 2．你的父母周日將帶你回老家看望生病的爺爺； 3．如果他去書店，請他幫你買本英漢詞典。 要求： 1．詞數：100左右； 2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。 Tim， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 參考范文： Tom，

　　We planned to play football and go to buy some books on Sunday morning. I'm really sorry to say that I can't go with you because my grandpa is ill in hospital in my hometown. I'm concerned about my grandpa now and I will go back to see him with my parents. I spent my childhood with my grandparents in my hometown, so I love them deeply.

　　By the way, I wonder whether you can help me buy an English-Chinese dictionary if you go to the bookstore. Your help will be greatly appreciated.

　　Li Hua Unit12

　　Fact and fantasy 　SB

　　Ⅱ

　　五年真題·圖析 探究復習·策略 基礎題組·調研 1．(2009·福建)We are at your service. Don't ________ to turn to us if you have any further problems. A．beg　B．hesitate C．desire

　　D．seek 圖解分析： 2．(2007·山東)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________ at the end of last March. A．has been launched

　　B．having been launched C．being launched

　　D．to be launched 解析：句中沒有連接詞，故不能選作謂語動詞的A項；the most recent having been launched為獨立主格結構，由at the end of last March可知應選用表示動作完成的B項。 答案：B 1策略　必考單詞 自主復習課前填一填 1．________n. 信念，信心；信仰→(pl.)________→(同義詞)________n. 2．________vt. 應用；運用&vi. 申請；請求→________adj. 應用的；實用的→________n. 申請→________n. 申請者 3．________n. 同伴，同伙→________n. 陪同，陪伴 4．________adj. 永久的；固定的→(反義詞)________adj. 暫時的 5．________adv. 在船(或飛機、車)上；上船；登機→________adv. 去國外，到國外 6．________vt. 不喜歡；討厭→(反義詞)________vt. 喜歡 7．________adj. 溫和的；溫柔的；文雅的→________adv.→________n. 溫和 8．________n. (總稱)行李→(聯想)________n. 行李 9．________adj. 聰明的；杰出的；耀眼的→________adv.→________n. 光輝；光彩 10．________n. 現象；奇跡→(pl.)________ 11．________vi. 躊躇；猶豫→________n．猶豫 答案：1.belief; beliefs; faith　2.apply; applied; application; applicant　3.companion; company　4.permanent; temporary　5.aboard; abroad　6.dislike; like　7.gentle; gently; gentleness　8.luggage; baggage　9.brilliant; brilliantly; brilliance　10.phenomenon; phenomena　11.hesitate; hesitation 考點探究課堂講一講 1考點 apply vt. 應用；運用 vi. 申請；請求 He spent many hours in Paris libraries studying botany, applied science and many other subjects. This rule cannot be applied to every case. 這項規則不是所有情況都適用。 apply for請求；申請 apply to應用；使用；適用 apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申請 apply oneself/one's mind to專心從事 apply oneself to doing sth.專心于做某事

　　①I want to apply_for(申請) the job. ②Applying(專心從事) his mind to the job,

　　he noticed nothing. ③Students should apply(專心致志) themselves to their study. ④You may apply_for(申請) the position in person or by letter. ⑤我能在這申請護照嗎？(寫作小練筆：主謂＋介詞；passport) Can_I_apply_for_passport_here？________________________________________________________________________ 2考點 aboard prep. 在船(或飛機、車上)上，上船(或飛機、車) The food aboard the Nautilus is all seafood. We travelled aboard the same flight. 我們搭乘同一班機。 aboard adv. 在船(飛機、車)上，上船(飛機、車) aboard prep. 在船(飛機、車)上 board vt. 上船；坐船；搭乘(公共交通工具) 詞形相近的詞：abroad adv. 到國外；在國外

　　①He has gone aboard(上船)． ②She went aboard(上了) the plane. ③He went_aboard(上了) the bus. ④Welcome_aboard(歡迎登機) this flight to London. ⑤該上船/飛機/車了。(寫作小練筆：主系表＋to do; it's time to) It's_time_to_go_aboard.________________________________________________________________________ 3考點 hesitate vi. 躊躇；猶豫 When I found this amazing power placed within my hands, I hesitated a long time thinking how I should use it. She hesitated, but made her way forward. 她猶豫了一下，但向前走去。 1)hesitate at/about/over sth. 對……猶豫/躊躇 hesitate to do猶豫/躊躇干某事 not hesitate to do毫不猶豫干某事 2)hesitation n. 躊躇；猶豫不決 without hesitation毫不猶豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不猶豫地做某事 ①I hesitate(不好意思) to ask you, but will you lend me your car for a few days? ②We do not hesitate(猶豫) to give our lives for our country, let alone suffer some hardships. ③She hesitated(猶豫) over the choice between the two blouses for her daughter. ④In case you need something, please don't_hesitate (不要猶豫) to ask me. ⑤她在拿起聽筒前猶豫了一下。(寫作小練筆：主謂＋介詞；pick up) She_hesitated_before_she_picked_up_the_telephone.________________________________________________________________________ 兩年模擬過關測一測 1．(2010·江西九所重點中學聯考)You can apply ________ our company ________ this job, if you want. A．for; toB．to; for C．to; to

　　D．for; for 解析：考查apply的用法。句意：如果想要的話，你可以向我們公司申請這份工作。apply to sb./sth. for sth.“向某人/某處申請……”。 答案：B 2．I am told that an English-English dictionary is very helpful in learning English, but I still ________ about whether to get one, because I fear I can't understand the English explanation. A．concern

　　B．hesitate C．appeal

　　D．seek 解析：考查動詞辨析。此處表示“我對于是否該買一本英英詞典還猶豫不決”，因此選B表示“猶豫”。 答案：B 2策略　重點短語 自主復習課前填一填 1．________ a living謀生 2．________ out出發；上路 3．in ________公開地；公然 4．________ light upon闡明某事；使某事顯得非常清楚 5．cut ________切碎；剪碎 6．________ out to be結果是，證明是 7．________ one's attention吸引某人的注意 8．slow ________減速 9．________ out燒掉，燒盡 10．________ the foundation of打下……的基礎 答案：1.make　2.set　3.public　4.throw　5.up　6.turn　7.attract　8.down　9.burn　10.lay 考點探究課堂講一講 考點 throw light on/upon 使……顯得非常清楚 bring sth. to light使某事顯露出來 come to light暴露，顯露出來 expose sth. to the light of day把某事暴露于光天化日之下 see the light of day開始存在，問世，開始為人所知 throw doubt on/upon對……產生懷疑 throw oneself on/upon依靠；聽命于 throw oneself into sth. 熱心做某事；積極投身于)

　　①The modern scientific development has thrown_light_on(解釋) this question. ②As an expert, he can throw_light_on(解釋) the problem. ③The new facts throw_light_on(闡明) the case. 兩年模擬過關測一測 　(2010·山東省實驗中學診斷)These scientific discoveries may ________ light on the origin of the universe. A．cost

　　B．throw C．carry

　　D．share 解析：考查詞義辨析。句意：這些科學發現或許會揭秘宇宙的起源。throw light on為固定搭配。 答案：B 3策略　常考句式 自主復習課前填一填 1．To_make_a_living,_Verne had to write and sell stories. 考點提取：該句中用不定式to make a living作目的狀語。 感悟應用：為了在下午多睡一會，鮑勃關閉了鬧鐘。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， Bob turned off the alarm. 答案：To sleep late in the afternoon

　　Unit12

　　2．At the beginning of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, one of Verne's most famous novels, ships are disappearing all over the world and it is_believed_to_be caused by a sea monster. 考點提取：be believed to... 是固定句式，意為“據說，人們認為，有人相信”。 感悟應用：據說大火是由于粗心引起的。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ by carelessness. 答案：The fire was believed to be caused

　　3．They find themselves surrounded by colourful rocks, fishes, seashells and plants, all_waving_ and_moving_slowly_in_the_blue_waters. 考點提取：all waving and moving slowly in the blue waters是獨立主格結構，這種結構在句中可充當原因、時間、條件、伴隨情況等。 感悟應用：因為媽媽病了，她只能呆在家里照顧她。 ________ ________ ________， she had to stay at home looking after her. 答案：Mother being ill 4．Dressed_in diving suits, Captain Nemo and his guests walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ship. 考點提取：dressed in為過去分詞短語作狀語。 感悟應用：在他的話的鼓舞下，我們決心更加努力學習。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， we were determined to study harder. 答案：Inspired by what he said 考點探究課堂講一講 考點 ... all waving and moving slowly in the blue waters. ……它們都在藍色的海水中隨波起伏、慢慢地移動著。 此處構成獨立主格結構。當分詞(短語)作狀語時，其邏輯主語通常是句中的主語，但有時分詞(短語)有自己的主語，這種結構稱為獨立主格結構，其構成為“名詞/代詞＋現在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞/副詞/名詞/介詞短語”。獨立主格結構在句中作狀語，表示時間、原因、條件、伴隨等情況。

　　①Spring_coming(來了) on, the fields turn green. ②Her glasses broken(break), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. ③He came home, his nose red_with_cold(凍得通紅)． ④Weather_permitting(天氣許可), we will climb the hill. ⑤The problems solved(solve), the quality has been improved. 兩年模擬過關測一測 　(2011·江蘇揚州模擬)Mr. Smith has three children, the youngest of them ________ music at college. A．is studying

　　B．studies C．studying

　　D．studied 解析：此題容易選擇A。注意句子結構，如果后面為the youngest of whom則應選擇A，此處應為省略with的復合結構。(with) the youngest of them studying music at college。 答案：C

　　Ⅰ.請選用方框內所給短語的適當形式完成下列句子。 throw light on， cut in， set out， call off， turn out， go aboard， apply to， hesitate about

　　1．The results of this research can ________ new development in technology. 答案：be applied to 2．As soon as we ________， our ship left port. 答案：went aboard 3．The learned scholar ________ the question raised by the audience how life began. 答案：threw light on 4．With news press progressing, a news reporter ________ with a sensitive political question. 答案：cut in 5．Obviously, he's very disappointed at the way things have ________. 答案：turned out 6．—Are you sure that we are going to a picnic tomorrow? —Yes. But should it rain, we would have to ________ the picnic. 答案：call off 7．She's still ________ sending her son to college. 答案：hesitating 8．It was raining when we ________， but after about half an hour the weather cleared up. 答案：set out

　　Ⅱ.語法專練(用構詞法知識填空) 1．Mr. Black is an ________ in the army, not an ________ in the government. You can not easily find him in his ________. A．official; officer; office B．officer; office; official C．official; official; official

　　D．officer; official; office

　　解析：考查派生詞。句意：布萊克先生是個軍官，不是公務員，你在辦公室不容易找到他。office辦公室；official常指政府官員，行政官員，高級職員，公務員，如government officials政府官員；officer常指穿著制服的官員、軍官、武官等，如customs officer海關人員，railway officer乘務員，an officer of the law法官，police officer警官。

　　答案：D 2．Canada is mainly an ________ country. A．English-speaking

　　B．speak-English C．spoken-English

　　D．English-spoken 解析：考查合成詞。句意：加拿大是個主要說英語的國家。English-speaking說英語的。 答案：A 3．My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the ________ news about Iraq War? A．lately

　　B．latest C．later

　　D．latter 解析：考查派生詞。句意：我的電視出毛病了，你能告訴我有關伊拉克戰爭的最新消息嗎？lately最近，latest最新的，later后來，the latter后者。 答案：B 4．The ________ ordered him to pay a $ 100 fine. A．judger

　　B．judgment C．judge

　　D．judging 解析：考查轉化詞。句意：法官命令他交付100美元的罰款。judge法官，judgment審判。 答案：C Ⅲ.寫作練筆(留言條) 假如你是李華，你的好友Tom來自澳大利亞，周六你去找他，但他不在家。請給他寫個留言條，內容包括： 1．原定周日上午去踢球，然后去書店買書，你不能去了； 2．你的父母周日將帶你回老家看望生病的爺爺； 3．如果他去書店，請他幫你買本英漢詞典。 要求： 1．詞數：100左右； 2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。 Tim， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 參考范文： Tom，

　　We planned to play football and go to buy some books on Sunday morning. I'm really sorry to say that I can't go with you because my grandpa is ill in hospital in my hometown. I'm concerned about my grandpa now and I will go back to see him with my parents. I spent my childhood with my grandparents in my hometown, so I love them deeply.

　　By the way, I wonder whether you can help me buy an English-Chinese dictionary if you go to the bookstore. Your help will be greatly appreciated.

　　Li Hua Unit12

　　Fact and fantasy 　SB

　　Ⅱ

　　五年真題·圖析 探究復習·策略 基礎題組·調研 1．(2009·福建)We are at your service. Don't ________ to turn to us if you have any further problems. A．beg　B．hesitate C．desire

　　D．seek 圖解分析： 2．(2007·山東)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________ at the end of last March. A．has been launched

　　B．having been launched C．being launched

　　D．to be launched 解析：句中沒有連接詞，故不能選作謂語動詞的A項；the most recent having been launched為獨立主格結構，由at the end of last March可知應選用表示動作完成的B項。 答案：B 1策略　必考單詞 自主復習課前填一填 1．________n. 信念，信心；信仰→(pl.)________→(同義詞)________n. 2．________vt. 應用；運用&vi. 申請；請求→________adj. 應用的；實用的→________n. 申請→________n. 申請者 3．________n. 同伴，同伙→________n. 陪同，陪伴 4．________adj. 永久的；固定的→(反義詞)________adj. 暫時的 5．________adv. 在船(或飛機、車)上；上船；登機→________adv. 去國外，到國外 6．________vt. 不喜歡；討厭→(反義詞)________vt. 喜歡 7．________adj. 溫和的；溫柔的；文雅的→________adv.→________n. 溫和 8．________n. (總稱)行李→(聯想)________n. 行李 9．________adj. 聰明的；杰出的；耀眼的→________adv.→________n. 光輝；光彩 10．________n. 現象；奇跡→(pl.)________ 11．________vi. 躊躇；猶豫→________n．猶豫 答案：1.belief; beliefs; faith　2.apply; applied; application; applicant　3.companion; company　4.permanent; temporary　5.aboard; abroad　6.dislike; like　7.gentle; gently; gentleness　8.luggage; baggage　9.brilliant; brilliantly; brilliance　10.phenomenon; phenomena　11.hesitate; hesitation 考點探究課堂講一講 1考點 apply vt. 應用；運用 vi. 申請；請求 He spent many hours in Paris libraries studying botany, applied science and many other subjects. This rule cannot be applied to every case. 這項規則不是所有情況都適用。 apply for請求；申請 apply to應用；使用；適用 apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申請 apply oneself/one's mind to專心從事 apply oneself to doing sth.專心于做某事

　　①I want to apply_for(申請) the job. ②Applying(專心從事) his mind to the job,

　　he noticed nothing. ③Students should apply(專心致志) themselves to their study. ④You may apply_for(申請) the position in person or by letter. ⑤我能在這申請護照嗎？(寫作小練筆：主謂＋介詞；passport) Can_I_apply_for_passport_here？________________________________________________________________________ 2考點 aboard prep. 在船(或飛機、車上)上，上船(或飛機、車) The food aboard the Nautilus is all seafood. We travelled aboard the same flight. 我們搭乘同一班機。 aboard adv. 在船(飛機、車)上，上船(飛機、車) aboard prep. 在船(飛機、車)上 board vt. 上船；坐船；搭乘(公共交通工具) 詞形相近的詞：abroad adv. 到國外；在國外

　　①He has gone aboard(上船)． ②She went aboard(上了) the plane. ③He went_aboard(上了) the bus. ④Welcome_aboard(歡迎登機) this flight to London. ⑤該上船/飛機/車了。(寫作小練筆：主系表＋to do; it's time to) It's_time_to_go_aboard.________________________________________________________________________ 3考點 hesitate vi. 躊躇；猶豫 When I found this amazing power placed within my hands, I hesitated a long time thinking how I should use it. She hesitated, but made her way forward. 她猶豫了一下，但向前走去。 1)hesitate at/about/over sth. 對……猶豫/躊躇 hesitate to do猶豫/躊躇干某事 not hesitate to do毫不猶豫干某事 2)hesitation n. 躊躇；猶豫不決 without hesitation毫不猶豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不猶豫地做某事 ①I hesitate(不好意思) to ask you, but will you lend me your car for a few days? ②We do not hesitate(猶豫) to give our lives for our country, let alone suffer some hardships. ③She hesitated(猶豫) over the choice between the two blouses for her daughter. ④In case you need something, please don't_hesitate (不要猶豫) to ask me. ⑤她在拿起聽筒前猶豫了一下。(寫作小練筆：主謂＋介詞；pick up) She_hesitated_before_she_picked_up_the_telephone.________________________________________________________________________ 兩年模擬過關測一測 1．(2010·江西九所重點中學聯考)You can apply ________ our company ________ this job, if you want. A．for; toB．to; for C．to; to

　　D．for; for 解析：考查apply的用法。句意：如果想要的話，你可以向我們公司申請這份工作。apply to sb./sth. for sth.“向某人/某處申請……”。 答案：B 2．I am told that an English-English dictionary is very helpful in learning English, but I still ________ about whether to get one, because I fear I can't understand the English explanation. A．concern

　　B．hesitate C．appeal

　　D．seek 解析：考查動詞辨析。此處表示“我對于是否該買一本英英詞典還猶豫不決”，因此選B表示“猶豫”。 答案：B 2策略　重點短語 自主復習課前填一填 1．________ a living謀生 2．________ out出發；上路 3．in ________公開地；公然 4．________ light upon闡明某事；使某事顯得非常清楚 5．cut ________切碎；剪碎 6．________ out to be結果是，證明是 7．________ one's attention吸引某人的注意 8．slow ________減速 9．________ out燒掉，燒盡 10．________ the foundation of打下……的基礎 答案：1.make　2.set　3.public　4.throw　5.up　6.turn　7.attract　8.down　9.burn　10.lay 考點探究課堂講一講 考點 throw light on/upon 使……顯得非常清楚 bring sth. to light使某事顯露出來 come to light暴露，顯露出來 expose sth. to the light of day把某事暴露于光天化日之下 see the light of day開始存在，問世，開始為人所知 throw doubt on/upon對……產生懷疑 throw oneself on/upon依靠；聽命于 throw oneself into sth. 熱心做某事；積極投身于)

　　①The modern scientific development has thrown_light_on(解釋) this question. ②As an expert, he can throw_light_on(解釋) the problem. ③The new facts throw_light_on(闡明) the case. 兩年模擬過關測一測 　(2010·山東省實驗中學診斷)These scientific discoveries may ________ light on the origin of the universe. A．cost

　　B．throw C．carry

　　D．share 解析：考查詞義辨析。句意：這些科學發現或許會揭秘宇宙的起源。throw light on為固定搭配。 答案：B 3策略　常考句式 自主復習課前填一填 1．To_make_a_living,_Verne had to write and sell stories. 考點提取：該句中用不定式to make a living作目的狀語。 感悟應用：為了在下午多睡一會，鮑勃關閉了鬧鐘。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， Bob turned off the alarm. 答案：To sleep late in the afternoon

　　Unit12