Module 3

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·東北三省三校二聯)

　　The stories we share with one another are important. They show wisdom and provide inspiration. They are important to our development. But sometimes people choose not to tell.

　　Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola.

　　There is a danger in holding back stories that ought to be told. Bobette Buster said it like this, “The fact is, history has shown us that stories not told can become like a dangerous genie (妖怪) left in a bottle. When they are finally uncorked,_their power to destroy is set free.”

　　There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story: they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages；they require courage and strength to share; and of course, there are some stories that should be kept secret—especially those that embarrass someone else.

　　Most of us have two selves: the one we display on the outside and the one we actually are on the inside. And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.

　　Honesty and openness is important：It proves we are trustworthy. It displays we are human. We are not perfect or better. It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development. Hard work may not allow us to overcome our disadvantages completely. But with hard work, we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes.

　　Does this mean we admit every weakness, every disadvant-age and every secret regret to everybody we meet? No, of course not. There is a time and a place and a certain level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner.

　　語篇解讀：本文為議論文。本文作者論證了人們之間彼此分享自身經歷的重要性。

　　1．What's the function of the example in Paragraph 2?

　　A．It reflects that people are concerned about the spread of Ebola.

　　B．It shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story.

　　C．At proves not sharing a story can cause trouble.

　　D．It concludes that one should share a story at a proper time.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。文章第一段告訴讀者分享經歷很重要；第二段介紹資訊封鎖的負面影響也是通過證明不分享消息帶來的麻煩從反面來說明論點，故答案為C項。

　　2．One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experiences is that ________.

　　A．story-sharing highlights the importance of hard work

　　B．people are used to exposing their weaknesses

　　C．people sometimes have no courage to share their stories

　　D．some stories make themselves feel uneasy

　　答案：C　事實細節題。根據第四段中“they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages；they require courage and strength to share”可知人們之所以不愿意和別人分享自己的經歷是因為他們缺乏勇氣，故答案為C項。

　　3．Which is close in meaning to the underlined word “uncorked” in Paragraph 3?

　　A．Freed. B．Broken.

　　C．Unfolded. D．Untouched.

　　答案：A　猜測詞義題。這里將被封鎖的消息比作裝在瓶子里的妖怪，一旦將瓶子打開，它們的破壞力就會被釋放出來。由此可知答案為A項。

　　4．The writer aims to convince us to ________.

　　A．be open to people close to us by sharing some secrets

　　B．share stories appropriately for the good of others and ourselves

　　C．remove the dangers that can be caused by untold stories

　　D．realize the importance of being honest when making friends

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第五段中的第二句“And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.”及文章最后一句可知作者寫這篇文章的目的是說服我們為了自己和他人應適當分享自己的經歷。

　　B

　　(2024·黑龍江哈三中三模)

　　Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.

　　One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步機). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤腳)．

　　Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.

　　They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.

　　The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.

　　The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.

　　They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group bad always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.

　　Runners who wear shoes usually come down their heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.

　　Harvard's Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heel. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.

　　But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.

　　The study was partly supported by Vibrato, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.

　　語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項新的研究表明，穿著跑鞋跑步其實對身體并不好，赤腳跑步反而可以在一定程度上避免奔跑帶來的損傷。

　　5．What's the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.

　　B．Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.

　　C．Running in shoes is partly good to runners.

　　D．Two new studies prove running without shoes is less risky to runners in most cases.

　　答案：D　主旨大意題。第一段“Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners。”點出了文章的主題：穿跑鞋跑步會增加受傷的風險。在下文的試驗中多次提到赤腳跑步的損傷較小。由此可推斷本文的主旨大意是赤腳跑步對運動員來說風險較小。故選D項。

　　6．Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?

　　A．Toes. B．Hips.

　　C．Feet. D．Legs.

　　答案：B　細節理解題。根據第四段第一句“They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees，hips and ankle joints than running barefoot.”可知，應選B項。

　　7．What can we learn from the passage?

　　A．The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.

　　B．We should start running barefoot in no time.

　　C．Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.

　　D．We won't be injured if we run barefoot.

　　答案：A　推理判斷題。根據第八段第三至四句“But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot.That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.”可知，赤腳跑步是前腳掌先落地，這樣可以避免給腳后跟造成更多的壓力。故A項正確。

　　8．What is the writer's attitude toward the use of the modern running shoes?

　　A．Persuasive. B．Negative.

　　C．Objective. D．Supportive.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。通篇文章作者都在引用研究結果和專家意見，故只是在客觀陳述事實，而沒有發表個人意見。故選C項。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　Long long ago, there was a small village. This village had a __1__ tradition. At the beginning of every year, any boy who had reached the age of majority (成年) was given land and money to build a home. The boy had to __2__ his home before winter. If his home failed to endure the cold weather in winter, the villagers could not __3__ him in any way.

　　One __4__， Paul and Marc reached their majority. They __5__ their land and money and decided to search nearby villages for ideas on building their homes. In each village, they found the nicest __6__ and talked to the owners. Each owner gladly offered __7__.

　　After Marc saw several homes, he __8__ the best ideas and went back to his own land. Paul, __9__， continued collecting more ideas. Soon he had so many great ideas that he began to __10__ some of them. But he always believed he could find even better ideas in the next village.

　　Marc began building his home. He had several __11__starts, but his home gradually rose from his land. By fall, Marc had finished his home. It wasn't perfect, but it was strong and he could __12__ it later. Paul enjoyed all the beautiful homes and __13__ with home owners. The first snow came and Paul, realizing he was running out of time, __14__back to his land. He built the best home he could in the time he had, but it was __15__. The first winter storm destroyed his home and be froze to __16__. The villagers mourned for him.

　　Marc __17__ the winter. Each year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better. He became a leader in the village，__18__ a family, and lived a happy, content life.

　　We all build and improve our own mental homes. It's __19__ and fun for us to search for ideas from other mental home owners, but we only improve our own mental home if we actually __20__ the best ideas.

　　語篇解讀：本文通過一個故事告訴我們，無論是精神世界還是物質世界，一些想法的尋找是簡單的，但是想法的運用卻是另外一回事。

　　1．A.strange B．hopeful

　　C．literary

　　D．cultural

　　答案：A　句意為：很久很久以前，有一個小村莊有著一個奇怪的傳統。每到年初，已成年的男孩就會拿到一塊地和資金(自己動手)去修建自己的房屋。strange意為“奇怪的”；hopeful意為“有希望的”；literary意為“文藝的，書本的”；cultural意為“文化的”。根據下句“At the beginning of every year，any boy who had reached the age of majority(成年)was given land and money to build a home.”對這個傳統的描述可知這個傳統很獨特，故A項符合語境。

　　2．A.find

　　B．make

　　C．complete

　　D．buy

　　答案：C　根據語境可知此處表示在冬天到來前就要完成房屋的修建，所以用complete“完成”，故C項正確。倒數第三段第三句“By fall，Marc had finished his home.”中也有同義詞出現：finish，據此也可知答案。

　　3．A.help

　　B．encourage

　　C．scold

　　D．persuade

　　答案：A　help意為“幫助”；encourage意為“鼓勵”；scold意為“責罵”；persuade意為“說服，勸說”。倒數第三段中“The first snow came and Paul，realizing he was running out of time，__14__back to his land.”說到，保羅由于修建的房子不好，被凍死了，人們都來哀悼他，但沒有幫助他度過寒冬，由此可以看出，在這一奇怪的傳統中，別人是不能提供幫助的，所以選help。

　　4．A.winter

　　B．summer

　　C．autumn

　　D．spring

　　答案：D　根據第一段第三句“At the beginning of every year...”可知成年的男孩是在每年的年初拿到一塊地和資金的，故此處D項spring“春天”符合語境。

　　5．A.exchanged

　　B．received

　　C．recognized

　　D．advised

　　答案：B　exchange意為“交換”；receive意為“收到”；recognize意為“認出，承認”；advise意為“建議，忠告”。根據第一段第三句中“...was given land and money to build a home.”可知被給予土地和資金，故此處用主動形式表示他們收到，故B項正確。

　　6．A.girls

　　B．jobs

　　C．houses

　　D．presents

　　答案：C　根據上文可知他們要建的是房子，這是在外出考察，自然是找最好的房子和房主交談以獲得如何建好房子的建議，故C項正確。文中也有多處同義詞home的復現。

　　7．A.rooms

　　B．drinks

　　C．attention

　　D．advice

　　答案：D　根據下一段中“Soon he had so many great ideas that he began to __10__some of them.”中的idea可推斷此處表示每一位房主都很樂意提供給他們(關于如何建好房子的)建議，故D項advice正確。

　　8．A.expected

　　B．gathered

　　C．created

　　D．understood

　　答案：B　expect意為“期待，預期”；gather意為“搜集”；create意為“創造”；understand意為“理解”。根據此空后的“the best ideas”和第9空后的“continued collecting more ideas”可知此處表示馬克參觀了幾棟房子，把房主們提供的建議搜集起來，故B項正確。

　　9．A.similarly

　　B．finally

　　C．however

　　D．furthermore

　　答案：C　similarly意為“同樣地，類似于”；finally意為“最后，終于”；however意為“然而”；furthermore意為“此外，而且”。根據語境可知馬克開始建房，而保羅卻仍在繼續搜集如何建房的建議，兩者之間是轉折關系，故C項正確。

　　10．A.forget

　　B．believe

　　C．replace

　　D．doubt

　　答案：A　forget意為“忘記”；believe意為“認為，相信”；replace意為“代替”；doubt意為“懷疑”。根據下一句“But he always believed he could find even better ideas in the next village.”可知此處表示由于搜集的好的修建房屋的建議太多了，以至于忘了一部分，故A項正確。

　　11．A.fine

　　B．amazing

　　C．false

　　D．rapid

　　答案：C　fine意為“好的”；amazing意為“令人驚奇的”；false意為“錯誤的”；rapid意為“迅速的”。根據“He had several __11__ starts和his home gradually rose from his land”之間是轉折關系，可知開始時并不理想，故C項正確。

　　12．A.repair

　　B．rebuild

　　C．sell

　　D．improve

　　答案：D　repair意為“修理，修建”；rebuild意為“重建，改造”；sell意為“銷售”；improve意為“改善，增加”。根據倒數第二段第二句“Each year，Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better.”中的“make his own home look better”可知他所修的房子可以在建成后隨時改良，故D項正確。

　　13．A.conversations

　　B．achievement