A

　　In the kitchen of my mother’s houses there has always been a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（記事本）and a hole for a pencil.

　　I’m looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it can’t be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.

　　“I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these year. ” I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Can’t you afford a pen?”

　　My mother replies a little sharply. “It works perfectly well. I’ve always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days. ”

　　Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on. ”

　　This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is also a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible（看不到的）exhibits at every meal.

　　46．Why has the author’s mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?

　　A．To leave messages.

　　B．To list her everyday tasks.

　　C．To note down maths problems. D．To write down a flash of inspiration.

　　47. What is the author’s original opinion about the wooden stand?

　　A. It has great value for the family.

　　B. It needs to be replaced by a better one.

　　C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood.

　　D . It should be passed on to the next generation.

　　48. The author feels embarrassed for

　　.

　　A. blaming her mother wrongly.

　　B. giving her mother a lot of trouble.

　　C. not making good use of time as her mother did.

　　D. not making any breakthrough in her field.

　　49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A . The mother is successful in her career.

　　B. The family members like traveling.

　　C. The author had little time to play when young.

　　D. The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.

　　50. In the author’s mind ,her mother is

　　.

　　A. strange in behavior.

　　B. keen on her research.

　　C. fond of collecting old things.

　　D. careless about her appearance.

　　B

　　Photographs are everywhere. They decorate (裝飾) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. The news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. Photos record the beauties of nature. They can also bring things close that are far away. Through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. Photos also tell stories.

　　Reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. At times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. At other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. Each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. It can also be a strong force for social change.

　　Jacob Riis was among the first photojournalists. He took pictures of parts of New York City where the poor lived. Riis believed that poverty(貧窮)　caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. A few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by Lewis Hine shocked the public. Hine’s pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.

　　Hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. It takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. Photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. A photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. It can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.

　　As historical and artistic documents(文獻(xiàn)) ,photos can become more important over time. Today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. They also publish(發(fā)表) them in books and on the Internet.

　　45. The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to

　　.

　　A. beauties

　　B. photos

　　C. goods

　　D. events

　　46. The photos of the small children by Hine show us that photos

　　.

　　A. are also works of art

　　B. are popular ways of reporting news

　　C. often shock the public

　　D. can serve as a force for social change

　　47. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. News with pictures is encouraging.

　　B. Photos help people improve

　　C. News photos mean history in a sense.

　　D. People prefer reading news with pictures.

　　48. The text is mainly about

　　.

　　A. telling the story through picture

　　B. decorating the walls of homes

　　C. publishing historical papers

　　D. expressing feeling through pictures

　　D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience.

　　C

　　Find Which Direction Is South

　　Do you have a good sense of direction? If not, please take with you a compass. But if you forget to take a compass, you can still find your way.

　　It’s never a good idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted（委托）with the job of map-reading actually knows where the family is. You can tell by the slightly confused load on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map. Never mind. The shu is shining and it’s still morning. If you don’t know the exact time, you can still find out where south is, but you’ll need to be patient.

　　①Find a straight sick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow.

　　②Try to position the stick as vertically（垂直）as you can. You can check this by making a simple plumb line （鉛錘線）with a piece of string and weight. You haven’t got any string? OK, use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end to act as a weight.

　　③Mark the end of the shadow cast by the stick.

　　④Wait approximately half an hour and mark the end of the shadow again.

　　⑤Keep doing this until you have made several marks.

　　⑥The mark nearest the stick will represent the shortest shadow, which is cast at midday, when the sun is highest in the sky and pointing to the exact south.

　　⑦Pick a point in the distance along the line between the shortest shadow and the stick.

　　⑧That point is south of where you are.

　　⑨Now you can turn the map, like you did before, and find which way you should be travelling.

　　68. To find the direction, we ought to be patient probably because

　　A. it is not easy to find a proper stick

　　B. it is not easy to position the stick

　　C. it takes hours to make the marks

　　D. it takes about half an hour to make the marks

　　69. The passage would probably be most helpful to

　　.

　　A. those who draw maps

　　B. those who get lost

　　C. those who make compasses

　　D. those who do experiments

　　70. Which of the following pictures best shows the way of finding the direction of south?

　　71. The author presents this passage by

　　.

　　A. telling an interesting story

　　B. describing an activity in a lively way

　　C. testing an idea by reasoning

　　D. introducing a practical methodD

　　D

　　On a sunny day last August, Tim heard some shouting. Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat were being pulled out to sea.

　　Two 12-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once they'd rowed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control.

　　Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves.

　　"Everything went quiet in my head," Tim recalls(回憶). "I was trying to figure out how to swim to the boys in a straight line."

　　Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water. Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress. "At one point, I considered turning back," he says. "I wondered if I was putting my life at risk." After 30 minutes of struggling, he was close enough to yell to the boys, "Take down the umbrella!"

　　Christian made much effort to take down the umbrella. Then Tim was able to catch up and climb aboard the boat. He took over rowing, but the waves were almost too strong for him.

　　"Let's aim for the pier(碼頭)," Jack said. Tim turned the boat toward it. Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it began to sink. "Can you guys swim?" he cried. "A little bit," the boys said.

　　Once the were in the water, Tim decided it would he safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier. Christian and Jack were wearing life jackets and floated on their backs. Tim swan toward land as water washed over the boys' faces.

　　揂re we almost there?" they asked hagain and again. "Yes," Tim told them each time.

　　After 30minutes, they reached the pier.

　　35. Why did the two boys go to the sea?

　　A. To go boat rowing.

　　B. To get back their football.

　　C. To swim in the open water.

　　D. To test the umbrella as a sail.

　　36. What does "it"in Paragraph 2 refer to?

　　A. The beach.

　　B. The water.

　　C. The boat.

　　D. The wind.

　　37. Why did Tim raise his head regularly?

　　A. To take in enough fresh air.

　　B. To consider turning back or not.

　　C. To check his distance from the boys.

　　D. To ask the boys to take down the umbrella.

　　38. How did the two boys finally reach the pier?

　　A. They were dragged to the pier by Tim.

　　B. They swam to the pier all by themselves.

　　C. They were washed to the pier by the waves.

　　D. They were carried to the pier by Tim on his back.

　　A

　　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從I never knew when I might want to note down an idea到下一段的and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. 可知正確答案時(shí)D.

　　47. B. 根據(jù)第三段中I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these year. 可推斷，作者認(rèn)為the wooden stand該換成更好的了。

　　48. C. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段中有I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. 可知答案。

　　49. A. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is also a gifted mathematician. 推斷。

　　50. B. 推理判斷題。作者通過(guò)a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（記事本）and a hole for a pencil

　　B

　　45.A

　　46.B

　　47.A

　　48.C

　　C

　　【解析】文章大意

　　你的方向感怎么樣？來(lái)到一個(gè)陌生的地方，如果沒(méi)有指南針，你將如何判斷方向你？本文介紹給我們一種辨別方向的方法。

　　68. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中的辨別方向的步驟可以推斷出這種方法需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間，故本題選C。

　　69. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二自然段大意可知本題選B。

　　70. A 推理判斷題。由文章介紹的辨別方向的步驟可知本題A項(xiàng)正確。

　　71. D 推理判斷題。由文中所介紹的辨別方向的辦法可知這種方法簡(jiǎn)單易行，也很實(shí)用，選D。

　　A

　　In the kitchen of my mother’s houses there has always been a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（記事本）and a hole for a pencil.

　　I’m looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it can’t be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.

　　“I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these year. ” I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Can’t you afford a pen?”

　　My mother replies a little sharply. “It works perfectly well. I’ve always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days. ”

　　Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on. ”

　　This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is also a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible（看不到的）exhibits at every meal.

　　46．Why has the author’s mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?

　　A．To leave messages.

　　B．To list her everyday tasks.

　　C．To note down maths problems. D．To write down a flash of inspiration.

　　47. What is the author’s original opinion about the wooden stand?

　　A. It has great value for the family.

　　B. It needs to be replaced by a better one.

　　C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood.

　　D . It should be passed on to the next generation.

　　48. The author feels embarrassed for

　　.

　　A. blaming her mother wrongly.

　　B. giving her mother a lot of trouble.

　　C. not making good use of time as her mother did.

　　D. not making any breakthrough in her field.

　　49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A . The mother is successful in her career.

　　B. The family members like traveling.

　　C. The author had little time to play when young.

　　D. The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.

　　50. In the author’s mind ,her mother is

　　.

　　A. strange in behavior.

　　B. keen on her research.

　　C. fond of collecting old things.

　　D. careless about her appearance.

　　B

　　Photographs are everywhere. They decorate (裝飾) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. The news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. Photos record the beauties of nature. They can also bring things close that are far away. Through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. Photos also tell stories.

　　Reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. At times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. At other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. Each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. It can also be a strong force for social change.

　　Jacob Riis was among the first photojournalists. He took pictures of parts of New York City where the poor lived. Riis believed that poverty(貧窮)　caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. A few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by Lewis Hine shocked the public. Hine’s pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.

　　Hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. It takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. Photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. A photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. It can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.

　　As historical and artistic documents(文獻(xiàn)) ,photos can become more important over time. Today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. They also publish(發(fā)表) them in books and on the Internet.

　　45. The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to

　　.

　　A. beauties

　　B. photos

　　C. goods

　　D. events

　　46. The photos of the small children by Hine show us that photos

　　.

　　A. are also works of art

　　B. are popular ways of reporting news

　　C. often shock the public

　　D. can serve as a force for social change

　　47. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. News with pictures is encouraging.

　　B. Photos help people improve

　　C. News photos mean history in a sense.

　　D. People prefer reading news with pictures.

　　48. The text is mainly about

　　.

　　A. telling the story through picture

　　B. decorating the walls of homes

　　C. publishing historical papers

　　D. expressing feeling through pictures

　　D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience.

　　C

　　Find Which Direction Is South

　　Do you have a good sense of direction? If not, please take with you a compass. But if you forget to take a compass, you can still find your way.

　　It’s never a good idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted（委托）with the job of map-reading actually knows where the family is. You can tell by the slightly confused load on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map. Never mind. The shu is shining and it’s still morning. If you don’t know the exact time, you can still find out where south is, but you’ll need to be patient.

　　①Find a straight sick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow.

　　②Try to position the stick as vertically（垂直）as you can. You can check this by making a simple plumb line （鉛錘線）with a piece of string and weight. You haven’t got any string? OK, use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end to act as a weight.

　　③Mark the end of the shadow cast by the stick.

　　④Wait approximately half an hour and mark the end of the shadow again.

　　⑤Keep doing this until you have made several marks.

　　⑥The mark nearest the stick will represent the shortest shadow, which is cast at midday, when the sun is highest in the sky and pointing to the exact south.

　　⑦Pick a point in the distance along the line between the shortest shadow and the stick.

　　⑧That point is south of where you are.

　　⑨Now you can turn the map, like you did before, and find which way you should be travelling.

　　68. To find the direction, we ought to be patient probably because

　　A. it is not easy to find a proper stick

　　B. it is not easy to position the stick

　　C. it takes hours to make the marks

　　D. it takes about half an hour to make the marks

　　69. The passage would probably be most helpful to

　　.

　　A. those who draw maps

　　B. those who get lost

　　C. those who make compasses

　　D. those who do experiments

　　70. Which of the following pictures best shows the way of finding the direction of south?

　　71. The author presents this passage by

　　.

　　A. telling an interesting story

　　B. describing an activity in a lively way

　　C. testing an idea by reasoning

　　D. introducing a practical methodD

　　D

　　On a sunny day last August, Tim heard some shouting. Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat were being pulled out to sea.

　　Two 12-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once they'd rowed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control.

　　Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves.

　　"Everything went quiet in my head," Tim recalls(回憶). "I was trying to figure out how to swim to the boys in a straight line."

　　Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water. Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress. "At one point, I considered turning back," he says. "I wondered if I was putting my life at risk." After 30 minutes of struggling, he was close enough to yell to the boys, "Take down the umbrella!"

　　Christian made much effort to take down the umbrella. Then Tim was able to catch up and climb aboard the boat. He took over rowing, but the waves were almost too strong for him.

　　"Let's aim for the pier(碼頭)," Jack said. Tim turned the boat toward it. Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it began to sink. "Can you guys swim?" he cried. "A little bit," the boys said.

　　Once the were in the water, Tim decided it would he safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier. Christian and Jack were wearing life jackets and floated on their backs. Tim swan toward land as water washed over the boys' faces.

　　揂re we almost there?" they asked hagain and again. "Yes," Tim told them each time.

　　After 30minutes, they reached the pier.

　　35. Why did the two boys go to the sea?

　　A. To go boat rowing.

　　B. To get back their football.

　　C. To swim in the open water.

　　D. To test the umbrella as a sail.

　　36. What does "it"in Paragraph 2 refer to?

　　A. The beach.

　　B. The water.

　　C. The boat.

　　D. The wind.

　　37. Why did Tim raise his head regularly?

　　A. To take in enough fresh air.

　　B. To consider turning back or not.

　　C. To check his distance from the boys.

　　D. To ask the boys to take down the umbrella.

　　38. How did the two boys finally reach the pier?

　　A. They were dragged to the pier by Tim.

　　B. They swam to the pier all by themselves.

　　C. They were washed to the pier by the waves.

　　D. They were carried to the pier by Tim on his back.

　　A

　　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從I never knew when I might want to note down an idea到下一段的and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. 可知正確答案時(shí)D.

　　47. B. 根據(jù)第三段中I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these year. 可推斷，作者認(rèn)為the wooden stand該換成更好的了。

　　48. C. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段中有I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. 可知答案。

　　49. A. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is also a gifted mathematician. 推斷。

　　50. B. 推理判斷題。作者通過(guò)a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（記事本）and a hole for a pencil

　　B

　　45.A

　　46.B

　　47.A

　　48.C

　　C

　　【解析】文章大意

　　你的方向感怎么樣？來(lái)到一個(gè)陌生的地方，如果沒(méi)有指南針，你將如何判斷方向你？本文介紹給我們一種辨別方向的方法。

　　68. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中的辨別方向的步驟可以推斷出這種方法需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間，故本題選C。

　　69. B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二自然段大意可知本題選B。

　　70. A 推理判斷題。由文章介紹的辨別方向的步驟可知本題A項(xiàng)正確。

　　71. D 推理判斷題。由文中所介紹的辨別方向的辦法可知這種方法簡(jiǎn)單易行，也很實(shí)用，選D。