2024高考英語(yǔ)【北師大版】一輪復(fù)習(xí)提能訓(xùn)練（9）含（解析）答案

　　高考題型提能練(九)　Unit 9

　?、?閱讀理解

　　A

　　, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　(2024·東北三省三校第二次聯(lián)考，D)

　　Deception (騙術(shù)) is something that people do all the time, and it plays an important role in

　　military (軍事的) strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do

　　it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.

　　At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin, a professor at the School of Interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果). Squirrels will hide their food in a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.

　　Ronald Arkin and his Ph. D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a “predator (捕食者)” machine by doing what a squirrel does: showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.

　　The team also looked at how other animals—in this case, a species of bird called Arabian babbler—drive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打) wings and making noises. The babblers don't ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off; they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isn't worth it.

　　They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain size—essentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that it's best to back off. Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didn't have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.

　　The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a false trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了騙術(shù)在軍事策略中起著重要的作用，一些研究人員正在通過(guò)研究松鼠和鳥(niǎo)類的活動(dòng)，希望機(jī)器人能模仿這些行為，以便能有效地應(yīng)用于軍事中。

　　1．Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels' trick?

　　A．It can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy.

　　B．It can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous.

　　C．It can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources.

　　D．It can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“... they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.”可知，松鼠為了保護(hù)自己的橡果不被其他松鼠吃掉，會(huì)朝別的方向奔跑，由此可推知，C項(xiàng)正確。

　　2．Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators?

　　A．One bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it.

　　B．They fight the enemy bravely face to face.

　　C．They make noises and flaps around the predator.

　　D．They force the predator aware that it isn't worthwhile to attack.

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段中Arabian babbler趕走predator的過(guò)程可知，B項(xiàng)不是Arabian babbler趕走掠奪者的方法。故B項(xiàng)正確。

　　3．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Animals' behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots.

　　B．Robots' fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals' behaviors.

　　C．Birds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception.

　　D．Researchers are interested in animals' militaryrelated behaviors.

　　答案：A　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了松鼠和Arabian babbler在生存中如何利用騙術(shù)擊退敵人保護(hù)自己的過(guò)程，研究人員希望機(jī)器人也能模仿這些行為，從而有效地運(yùn)用于軍事戰(zhàn)略當(dāng)中。故A項(xiàng)正確。

　　B

　　(2024·濟(jì)南市調(diào)研考試)Raised by a single mother in Hartford, Fred Wright

　　struggled with behavioral problems and was forced to move from one school to another. He even reached a point where he felt like he had nothing to live for.

　　“I was walking around with a lot on my shoulders，” he said.“I couldn't handle it. I didn't care about life anymore.” But all that started to change when Wright met Patricia Kelly.

　　“I was seven when I met Mrs Kelly.I wasn't used to strictness. I wasn't used to hearing the word ‘no’，”said Wright, now 17.

　　Kelly, a former soldier and an equestrian (騎手), took Wright under her wing and helped him find hope in an unlikely place — on a horse.

　　“Wright was like a round peg that everybody kept trying to squeeze into a square hole，” Kelly said.“He was hurting. He needed a place where he could express himself. The riding field became that place for him.”

　　For the last 30 years, Kelly has helped children stay on the right track through her non-profit, Ebony Horsewomen. The program offers horseback riding lessons and teaches animal science to more than 300 young

　　people a year. By exposing those children to horsemanship, Kelly aims to give them an alternative to the streets and an opportunity to turn their lives around.

　　“We use horses as a hook to create pride, esteem and healing，” said Kelly, 66.“They learn that they have ability. They just have to unlock it.”

　　“When you teach a child to ride a horse, they learn they are the center of their environment，” said Kelly.“Once they make that connection, they can change what happens in school, at home and in the community.”

　　1.Why did Fred Wright have to move from one school to another?

　　A.Because his mother couldn't afford the fees.

　　B.Because his parents got divorced.

　　C.Because he behaved badly at school.

　　D.Because he didn't set a life goal.

　　2. How did Patricia Kelly help Fred Wright?

　　A.She provided him with a home.

　　B.She encouraged him to learn science.

　　C.She exposed him to the riding field.

　　D.She found him a better school.

　　3.What do we know about the program Ebony Horsewomen?

　　A.It is intended to make money.

　　B.It was founded by Patricia Kelly.

　　C.It aims to protect the environment.

　　D.It serves as a shelter for homeless kids.

　　4.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?

　　A.Horse riding is helpful to the growth of kids.

　　B.Patricia Kelly is a very successful woman.

　　C.Horses are closely related to the environment.

　　D.It is hard for a kid to learn to ride a horse.

　　1．解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“Fred Wright struggled with behavioral problems and was forced to move from one school to another”可知Fred Wright 因在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)不好才被迫從一所學(xué)校轉(zhuǎn)到另一所學(xué)校故選C解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第四段以及第五段最后一句“The riding field became that place for him.”可知Kelly教 Wright 騎馬讓 Wright 在騎馬的過(guò)程中重獲對(duì)生活的希望故選C解析：選B　推理判斷題根據(jù)第六段第一句“For the last 30 years, Kelly ...through her non-profit, Ebony Horsewomen.”可知在過(guò)去的30年里Kelly 已經(jīng)通過(guò)她創(chuàng)辦的非營(yíng)利組織Ebony Horsewomen 幫助孩子們走上了正確的軌道。故選B。

　?。馕觯哼xA　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段內(nèi)容可知，Kelly建立的 Ebony Horsewomen 組織把馬作為創(chuàng)造驕傲自尊的方法和治療的手段讓孩子們意識(shí)到他們有能力只是需要被發(fā)掘出來(lái)由此可推知騎馬對(duì)孩子們的成長(zhǎng)有幫助故選AC

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　When you don’t have anything planned for the day or it’s rainy outside and your children are stuck in the house, why not sit around and tell them riddles（謎語(yǔ)）? Telling riddles will make your family laugh and sometimes even scratch their heads, trying to figure out what the answer is.

　　Riddles have been a pastime for centuries. Not only have riddles been something for passing the time, but they have also been used to pass on secret information during the Second World War. Even the ancient Greeks used riddles. They would tell riddles at parties and whoever was the first to get them right would receive prize.

　　Most riddles use words that have double meanings or share the same sound like “hear” and “here”. So in order to get the riddle, you will have to do some creative thinking and think of all the possibilities of different words. The difficulty of figuring out the riddle is based on the riddle itself. The riddle has to provide you with enough clues to come to the right answer, but that doesn’t mean that the clues have to be easy.

　　If you are looking to tell riddles but don’t know any, you can look online and you will find a large number of sites that will have hundreds of different riddles to choose from. If you would like to look somewhere else then you could look at your local bookstore, where you will be able to find many different books with thousands of riddles to choose from. You can even find websites and books that will tell you how to write your own riddles.

　　After you have found some resources that have different riddles, you will need to read through them to find the right ones for you and your family: You will also need to make sure that your kids will have a chance to figure out the answers. So take your time and choose the fight family riddles to tell.

　　1．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?

　　A. To recommend an interesting family activity.

　　B. To stress the importance of family activities.

　　C. To encourage children to read more books.

　　D. To introduce the history of riddles.

　　．From the text we know that riddles _______.

　　A. do not have enough clues

　　B. have a very long history

　　C. were used in World War One

　　D. were first used in ancient Rome

　　．In Paragraph 3, the author mainly ________.

　　A. discusses how riddles are created

　　B. explains why fiddles are interesting

　　C. tells people how to solve riddles

　　D. shows the benefits of telling riddles

　　．To collect riddles, the author suggests ________.

　　A. one way

　　B. two ways

　　C. three ways

　　D. four ways試題分析： 本文介紹了一種古老的消磨時(shí)間的方法riddles。并告訴我們猜謎的方法以及找到這些字謎的地方。

　?。瓵 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段1,2行When you don’t have anything planned for the day or it’s rainy outside and your children are stuck in the house, why not sit around and tell them riddles?可知本文中作者向我們推薦了一種猜謎的游戲。故A正確。

　　．B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句Riddles have been a pastime for centuries.可知這種游戲已經(jīng)存在了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。故B正確。

　　．C 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段So in order to get the riddle, you will have to do some creative thinking and think of all the possibilities of different words. The difficulty of figuring out the riddle is based on the riddle itself. The riddle has to provide you with enough clues to come to the right answer, but that doesn’t mean that the clues have to be easy.可知本段告訴我們的是猜出這些字謎的方法，就是要運(yùn)用字謎里出現(xiàn)的線索。故C正確。

　　．B

　　細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段If you are looking to tell riddles but don’t know any, you can look online and you will find a large number of sites that will have hundreds of different riddles to choose from. If you would like to look somewhere else then you could look at your local bookstore,可知作者告訴了我們兩種猜字謎的方法，一種是到網(wǎng)絡(luò)上尋找。一種是到當(dāng)?shù)氐臅?shū)店里找。一共有兩種方法。故B正確。

　　考點(diǎn)：考察說(shuō)明文

　?、?任務(wù)型閱讀

　　(2024·河北邢臺(tái)市摸底考試)

　　Do's and Don'ts of Donating

　　Giving up your unused or unwanted stuff is a great way to make space in your home for the items that you do enjoy on a regular basis. 1.________

　　Here are four

　　do's and don'ts of donating your belongings.

　　Do Prep Your Clothes

　　You've thoroughly cleaned out your closets and drawers, and have a mountain of clothing waiting to be donated. Before you bag up these pieces, inspect each one to ensure that they're in good condition. Make sure all buttons are fastened, and that you can't see any stain. 2.________

　　Don't Donate Damaged Items

　　The number one rule of donating your stuff is to make sure that it's in a good, usable condition. Don't donate clothes or furniture with rips (裂口), chipped dishes, or books that are missing pages. 3.________

　　Find a local company that will recycle these items instead.

　　Do Donate More than Just Clothes

　　4.________ Stuffed animals, framed pictures, unused candles, small power tools, sports equipment, ornaments, baskets, blenders, dishes, glassware, silverware, pots and pans, curtains, blankets, toasters, mixers, pillows, towels, bed sheets, bikes, and exercise equipment are very popular donations.

　　5.________

　　With a little common sense it's easy to figure out items that are ideal for donation. But unfortunately some people will throw away the contents of their home without a second thought. As a gentle reminder, it's never a good idea to donate car parts, flammable products, construction materials, weapons, or explosives.

　　A.Nobody wants to inherit your damaged belongings.

　　B.Food donations are always in need.

　　C.Don't Even Think of Donating These Items

　　D.Not sure where to start?

　　E.Don't Donate Large Appliances

　　F.Clothes aren't the only household item that can be donated.

　　G.Wash the items to make them fresh and ready for their new owners.

　?、?語(yǔ)法填空

　　(2024·江西省九校聯(lián)合考試)If you read a newspaper or listen to a newscast (news report) recently, you may hear or read a strange word

　　“staycation”.Staycation is

　　1.________

　　new word the American press (newspapers, radio, and television) is using 2.________

　　(describe) a vacation very close to your own home, 3.________

　　simply staying at home during your vacation. It is a 4.________

　　(combine) of the words “stay” and “vacation”.

　　According to many news reports, these staycations are very popular among American families this year. Why? The high price of gasoline for cars and airplanes has made it very expensive for Americans to travel

　　5.________

　　(compare) to past years. When you combine this with the weak American dollar, it all adds up to people deciding to stay close to home 6.________

　　their traditional summer vacations. Of course, some places are more 7.________

　　(interest)

　　to “stay at home” than others. And if you live in a very small town, well, you may just want to skip your vacation and save your time up to next year!

　　Everything is 8.________

　　(expense) nowadays, and let's face it — a vacation just may not be in your plan this year. You don't have to give up family fun just because you can't get away; instead, follow my tips for an economical staycation filled with old favorites and new adventures! Staycations 9.________

　　(achieve) high popularity in current hard economic times in which