廣西來賓市2024高考英語一輪閱讀理解專練（27）含答案

　　【2024高考訓(xùn)練題】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　As with every other invasive（入侵的）species, introducing worms to an ecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）that developed without them has an effect on everything that lives there.

　　This concern is very clear in the Great Lakes region. Non — native earthworms（蚯蚓）have been in North America for a couple hundred years, brought over from Europe with soils and plants. More recently, Asian species, sold as fishing bait（餌料）, have started to spread in the Great Lakes region, where there are no native earthworms.

　　In these earthworm-free forests, when leaves fall onto the forest floor and plants and animals die, they build up into what’s called the duff（腐殖質(zhì)）layer. In this area, it was just bacteria that broke down the organic material for plants to consume and take up. Earthworms come in, they do their job and do it extremely well — they take that forest floor and turn it into the rich black soil you find in your garden.

　　That sounds great-but the local plants and animals in the Great Lakes region are used to living with the duff layer, not in the rich soil associated with earthworms. In addition, the rich top soil left by earthworms can wash out in a heavy rain. The differently produced soil is a problem as well. There’s a mat of fine roots in that duff layer-that’s where a lot of our native plants put their root system. When that duff is gone, it’s a lot harder for them to put their roots into the mineral（礦物質(zhì)的）soil.

　　1. What is the author’s attitude towards the work of invasive earthworms ?

　　A. Supportive.

　　B. Worried.

　　C. Doubtful.

　　D. Respectful.

　　2. How does the Asian species affect the ecosystem of the Great Lakes Region?

　　A. By changing the soil.

　　B. By Killing the native species.

　　C. By eating the native plants.

　　D. By serving as fishing bait.

　　3. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about ________.

　　A. Asian earthworms’ work is helpful to the roots of the native plants.

　　B. The native plants have finally adapted to the rich black soil.

　　C. The Asian earthworms caused great problems for the local plants.

　　D. The local plants find it easy to put their roots into the mineral soil.

　　本文講述了作為魚餌被引入到美洲五大湖區(qū)的亞洲蚯蚓由于改變了當(dāng)?shù)氐耐寥拉h(huán)境，而影響當(dāng)?shù)刂参锏纳L(zhǎng)，破壞了生態(tài)環(huán)境。

　　. B.從開頭作者就談到把蚯蚓引到一個(gè)無蚯蚓生態(tài)區(qū)會(huì)對(duì)生活在那里的萬物產(chǎn)生影響。第二段開頭又提到。這種擔(dān)心在五大湖區(qū)是顯而易見的。因此作者字里行間流露出對(duì)亞洲蚯蚓帶來的生態(tài)影響的擔(dān)心。

　　. A.從第三段可知，在沒有蚯蚓的森林中，落葉和動(dòng)物尸體會(huì)堆積成腐殖層，它們是由細(xì)菌來分解成可供給植物來吸收的成分的。蚯蚓到來后，它們把地表的腐殖層(特點(diǎn)是:因?yàn)槭锹淙~腐爛形成的，所以松軟，植物容易扎根。)變成了肥沃的黑土，即第四段中所講的the mineral soil(礦物質(zhì)層)(特點(diǎn)是:因?yàn)楸或球鞠纸夂蟮母~實(shí)質(zhì)上已經(jīng)變成了顆粒團(tuán)狀糞便，比腐殖質(zhì)要有粘性，堅(jiān)硬)，從第四段最后兩句可知，而這使得習(xí)慣了在腐殖質(zhì)土層植根的當(dāng)?shù)刂参锖茈y在礦物質(zhì)土層中扎根，植物不能很好的生長(zhǎng)了，自然會(huì)導(dǎo)致生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的破壞。

　　3. C.最后一段從腐殖質(zhì)土壤被改變，新形成的礦物質(zhì)土壤易流失，和當(dāng)?shù)刂参锖茈y在礦物質(zhì)土層中扎根等三個(gè)方面論述了亞洲蚯蚓對(duì)五大湖區(qū)生態(tài)的影響。

　　閱讀理解2024·濰坊5月模擬“Oh，you must have been a spoiled (寵壞的) kid.You must be really bossy.I wonder what you’re going to be like to deal with？” That’s often the response Angela Hult gets when people find out she’s an only child，she told ABC News.Despite such negative (消極的) remarks，Hult has decided to have only one child herself.And she’s not alone.

　　According to the US’ Office for National Statistics，women approaching the end of their childbearing years had an average of 1.9 children in 2004，compared with 3.1 for their counterparts in 1976.The percentage of one-child families in Britain had risen from 18 percent in 1972 to 26 percent in 2007.

　　But even though only children are becoming increasingly common，the traditional view that they’re selfish，spoiled and lack social skills holds strong.Even parents of only children，like Hult，are made to feel guilty about having only one child.Worried that they’re being selfish and endangering their child’s future，they flock to online discussion forums seeking advice.Soon，however，they ask themselves：is this social prejudice really reasonable?

　　“There have been hundreds and hundreds of research studies that show that only children are no different from their peers (同齡人)，” Susan Newman，a social psychologist at Rutgers University in the US，told ABC News.

　　This raises another question：why are only children still viewed with such suspicion?

　　“There is a belief that’s been around probably since humans first existed that to have just one child is somehow dangerous，both for you and for the continuation of your race，” Toni Falbo，a professor of educational psychology，told the Guardian.“In the past a lot of children died.You’d have had to be crazy to only have one.”

　　Times，of course，have changed and infant mortality (嬰兒死亡率) has largely reduced.So what do only children themselves say?

　　Kayley Kravitz，a blogger for The Huffington Post，grew up as an only child and highly recommends the experience.“Being an only child taught me the most valuable skill of all：the ability to be alone，” she said.

　　1．Which of the following could be the best title for the text?

　　A．Are only children lonely?

　　B．Are only children common?

　　C．Are only children dangerous?

　　D．Are only children different?

　　2．What does Susan Newman mean?

　　A． Only children are as good as their peers.

　　B．Only children are more selfish and spoiled.

　　C．Parents feel guilty about having only one child.

　　D．Parents will endanger their only child’s future.

　　3．What is the common belief since human existed?

　　A．The infant death rate always stays high.

　　B．People are crazy to have only one child.

　　C．It’s easy for only children to earn their living.

　　D．It’s hard to continue the family line with only one child.

　　4．An only child like Kayley________.

　　A．must be difficult to persuade

　　B．can possibly learn to be alone

　　C．should value special skills

　　D．need ignore bad experience

　　5．What’s the author’s attitude towards having only one child?

　　A．Neutral.B．Negative.

　　C．Positive.D．Doubtful.

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。盡管在英國(guó)越來越多的孩子都是獨(dú)生子女，但很多人對(duì)獨(dú)生子女的看法卻依然如故，認(rèn)為他們自私、嬌氣、缺少社交技能。對(duì)此，獨(dú)生子女們有他們的看法。

　　1．解析：　標(biāo)題概括題。本文主要討論了獨(dú)生子女是否就是英國(guó)傳統(tǒng)觀念中的自私、嬌氣，缺少社交技能的人，所以D項(xiàng)最適合做文章的標(biāo)題，故選D。

　　答案：　D

　　2．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Susan Newman所說的話可知，成百上千的研究表明獨(dú)生子女和別的孩子沒有什么區(qū)別，故選A。

　　答案：　A

　　3．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段中的“There is a belief that’s been around probably...both for you and for the continuation of your race”可知，自從人類存在以來，人們就認(rèn)為只生一個(gè)孩子不論對(duì)你自己還是對(duì)種族的延續(xù)來說都是很危險(xiǎn)的，故選D。

　　答案：　D

　　4．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Being an only child...the ability to be alone”可知，選B。

　　答案：　B

　　5．解析：　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文中提到不同人對(duì)于獨(dú)生子女的不同觀點(diǎn)，但并沒有直接提到作者自己的看法，由此可知，應(yīng)選A，中立的。

　　答案：　A閱讀理解2024·江西師大附中三模An older friend once gave me a piece of advice，“Enjoy the last few weeks of college，” she said，“since college is the best time of your life.”

　　This was not the first time I’d heard such a statement，but with graduation fast coming close，her words especially struck me.It seemed a bit disappointing to reach one’s life peak at only 22 years of age，but in her opinion，college had been one of the best times in my life so far.I made friends，took classes，and learned a great deal about myself.But I was also excited for the time after college—moving to a new city，starting a new job，and becoming a “real” person.I hoped that my great dreams were practical.

　　Then，last week I read a column in Real Simple Magazine called 100 Years of Attitude，in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views.I noticed that none of them considered college as the “best” time of their life.Not all of them went to college，but still in most cases their teens and twenties were not the best times of their life.They said some of their favorite times were raising their children，traveling after retirement，and even enjoying their present time and age.

　　Enjoying one’s present time and age was a clear theme of the interviews.A piece of advice given by the women was about the importance of making the best of all situations.I think it more accurate than that of my friend；I can say with certainty that if I am lucky enough to make it to 100.I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting (跌落) downhill，or even leveling off.

　　I am sure that our eagerness and devotion will make us college students live a meaningful life.We will not just look backwards or miss our college days.We will look forward in excitement about continued journey uphill.

　　1．Which of the following opinions does the writer agree with?

　　A．College is the best time of one’s life.

　　B．Twenties were the best time of the old people.

　　C．One should make the best of all situations.

　　D．One should not look backwards at their college time.

　　2．In the second paragraph，the writer wants to say________.

　　A．her achievements in college would be the peak of her success

　　B．she is looking forward to living as a “real” person in college

　　C．she becomes more and more uneasy with graduation

　　D．she is satisfied with the college life but is hopeful for the future

　　3．The column the writer read is mainly about those old women’s________.

　　A．best time of life at youth

　　B．life experiences and views

　　C．different opinions about life

　　D．favorite time with best friends

　　4．By saying “I refuse to spend the last 80 years of my life plummeting downhill，or even leveling off” (in Paragraph 4)，the writer really means________.

　　A．she will not spend the rest of her time at college

　　B．she will not just obtain a college level certificate

　　C．she will not be satisfied with what she has already accomplished

　　D．she will not be content with the life in the future

　　5．Which of the following words can be used to describe the writer?

　　A．Ambitious.B．Practical.

　　C．Imaginative.

　　D．Proud.

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。都說大學(xué)是人生最輝煌的時(shí)光，但文中的作者卻給出了不同的觀點(diǎn)。

　　1．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二、三句“A piece of advice given by the women...making the best of all situations.I think it more accurate than that of my friend...”可知，答案C符合文意。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后三句可知，作者對(duì)現(xiàn)在的大學(xué)生活很滿意，但同時(shí)對(duì)未來也充滿了期待，故答案D符合文意。

　　答案：　D

　　3．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句中的“...in which women 100 years or older shared their life experiences and views.”可知，答案B正確。

　　答案：　B

　　4．解析：　句意理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)文章最后一段的整體理解可知，作者并不滿足現(xiàn)有的成就，而是要繼續(xù)下去，把整個(gè)人生都活得精彩、生動(dòng)。由此可推知，答案C符合文意。

　　答案：　C

　　5．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)對(duì)文章的整體理解，尤其是最后一段可推知，作者是一個(gè)不滿足于現(xiàn)狀的年輕人，是一個(gè)積極進(jìn)取的人。故答案A“有抱負(fù)的”符合文意。

　　答案：　A

　　A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Most young architects—particularly those in big cities—can only dream about working in a building of their own. And making that dream come true often means finding a building no one else seems to want,which is exactly what happened to David Yocum and his partner,Brian Bell. Their building is a former automobile electrical-parts firm in Atlanta. From the outside,it looks too old,even something horrible,but open the door and you are in a wide,open courtyard,lined on three sides with rusting (生銹的)walls.

　　In 2000,Yocum and Bell found this building in the city’s West End. Built in 1947,the structure had been abandoned years earlier and the roof of the main building had fallen down. But the price was right,so Yocum bought it. He spent eight months of his off-hours on demolition (拆除),pulling rubbish out through the roof,because it was too dangerous to go inside the building. The demolition was hard work,but it gave him time to think about what he wanted to do,and“to treasure what was there—the walls,the rust,the light. “ Yocum said. “Every season,more paint falls off the walls and more rust develops. It’s like an art installation (裝置)in there—a slow-motion show. “

　　Since the back building had been constructed without windows,an all-glass front was added to the building to give it a view of the courtyard,and skylights were installed in the roof. The back of the building is a working area and a living room for Yocum and his wife. A sort of buffer (緩沖) zone between the front and the back contains a bathroom,a kitchen and a mechanical room,and the walls that separate these zones have openings that allow views through to the front of the studio and the courtyard beyond.

　　Yocum and Bell,who have just completed an art gallery for the city,feel that the experience from the decoration of their building,focusing on the inside rather than the outside,has influenced their work. It has also given these architects a chance to show how they can make more out of less.

　　1. According to the passage,it is　for most young architects in big cities to work in a building of their own.　

　　A. easy　B. unnecessary　C. unrealistic　D. common

　　2. Yocum bought the old building because　.　

　　A. it was a bargain to him

　　B. it was still in good condition

　　C. it was located in the city center

　　D. it looked attractive from the outside

　　3. Working on the old building,Yocum and Bell　.　

　　A. pulled rubbish out through the roof

　　B. removed the skylights from the bathroom

　　C. presented a slow-motion show in an art gallery

　　D. built a kitchen at the back part of the old building

　　4. It can be inferred from the passage that Yocum and Bell　.　

　　A. benefited a lot from pulling down the roof

　　B. turned more old buildings into art galleries

　　C. got inspiration from decorating their old building

　　D. paid more attention to the outside of the art gallery

　　5. The main idea of the passage is that　.　

　　A. people can learn a lot from their failures

　　B. it is worthwhile to spend money on an old building

　　C. people should not judge things by their appearance

　　D. creative people can make the best of what they have

　　【參考答案】1--5 、CAACD