廣西來賓市2024高考英語一輪閱讀理解專練（6）含答案

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　In business, there's a speed difference：It's the difference between how important a firm's leaders say speed is to their competitive (競爭的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.

　　In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What's more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.

　　How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.

　　In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested methods, didn't develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.

　　Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.

　　提速，似乎是歷來公司老總們所追求的，增加效益更是他們的最終目標。而人們對于速度的不同理解和方法的不同，確實適得其反。

　　1．What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?

　　A．Increase the speed. B．Get an advantage.

　　C．Reach the limit.D．Set a goal.

　　答案：B。理解判斷題。在文章的第一段中就提到了許多公司提速的目的就是利益問題，信息詞“fearful of losing their competitive advantage”可以表明劃線部分的意義同選項B。

　　．The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ________.

　　A．spending more time and performing worse

　　B．spending more time and performing better

　　C．spending less time and performing worse

　　D．spending less time and performing better

　　答案：D。歸納概況題。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味著：take less time ；而最終的效益還得需要performing better，故兩者結合，才是公司一直在夢寐以求的最佳目標。故選D。

　　. What can we learn from the text?

　　A．How fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.

　　B．How competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.

　　C．Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.

　　D．Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.

　　答案：C。細節判斷題。倒數第二段的第一句里含有本題的信息，即同選項C的說法是一致的。

　　．Which could be the best title for the text?

　　A．Improve quality? Serve better.B．Deliver value? Plough ahead.

　　C．Reduce time? Move faster.D．Need speed? Slow down.

　　答案：D。主旨大意題。文章的開頭就已經點明了本文的主題方向，即：公司想方設法提高工作速度；而文中通過分析比較不同公司的不同的做法和他們對于速度不同的理解，如果沒有好的決策，適得其反，故選項D是最佳答案。

　　閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的選項中選出最佳選項。體裁：記敘文　話題：環境保護　詞數：300　時間：5′

　　With an eye for style and a heart for the environment, 18－year－old Alexis Giger launched a do－it－yourself blog aimed at “reducing your environmental impact fashionably”．

　　The idea was sparked (激發) by the ecology unit in her biology class at Charlotte Latin School last year，she said,

　　which taught her about issues like deforestation and habitat destruction.“I started thinking about what I could do to stop the wastefulness in my immediate community，” the fashion lover said.

　　“The blog, ecouturieracg.wordpress.com, aims to make reusing thrift store (舊 finds or last season's pieces easy and fashionable while cutting down on the resources consumed by garment production，” Alexis said.Through online research, she discovered that a simple cottonT－shirt takes more than 700 gallons of water to make.

　　“It made me realize that the fashion industry consumes huge amounts of natural resources as it relies on producing garments quickly and in large supply—many of the garments are only intended to be worn three or four times，” she said.

　　Alexis had a number of tools to help her get started.Her mom, Kimberly, taught her to sew when she was 5.Her grandmother taught her to crochet (鉤邊) around the same time.Alexis said she also gained technical knowledge and inspiration from her part－time job at a clothing company that creates theater wardrobes for schools and drama productions.

　　Prior to the blog launch, she spent several months illustrating “recycling” projects by creating photo tutorials.Though Ecouturier hasn't been online long, she's been getting positive feedback．“I've had people come up to me in the hall and say，‘Hey, I saw your blog.I'm working on one of the projects right now, ’” Alexis said.

　　She said she hasn't bought a brand－new piece of clothing since last July, and her thrift store shopping has paid off with finds such as a $5 (31 yuan) dress she wore to homecoming.

　　“Taking an hour from Saturday afternoon to make something for yourself can really have an impact on the environment.A little change every day can really add up，” Alexis said.

　　【語篇解讀】　本文講述了一個女生為保護環境，防止資源浪費，開通了一個博客，號召大家保護環境。

　　1．What inspired Alexis to launch a do－it－yourself blog?

　　A．Her talent at making handicrafts.

　　B．Her fascination with the fashion industry.

　　C．Her part－time work experiences.

　　D．Her growing concern for the environment after taking a biology class.

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。根據文中第二段第一句話“The idea was sparked by the ecology unit in her biology class at Charlotte Latin School last year.”可知創建博客的想法是由生物課引發的，故選D。]

　　2．What is the content of the blog Alexis set up?

　　A．It sells items made from thrift store finds.

　　B．It teaches people how to choose thrift store goods.

　　C．It encourages people to remake their clothing in a cool way.

　　D．It informs people of the bad effects of deforestation and habitat destruction.

　　答案　C　[細節理解題。根據文中第三段第一句話“...aims to make reusing thrift store finds or last season's pieces easy and fashionable...”可知博客的內容是鼓勵人們改造舊衣服，故選C。]

　　3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

　　A．In order to promote her blog, Alexis is spending a lot of time online every day.

　　B．The projects on Alexis' blog have convinced some people to try recycling clothes themselves.

　　C．Alexis has been dreaming of working in the fashion industry since she was a child.

　　D．To start the blog, Alexis learned from her mother and grandmother how to sew and crochet.

　　答案　B　[細節理解題。從文中最后一段第一句可知，作者就利用周六下午一個小時，可知沒有花很長時間，故A錯誤；從文中倒數第三段最后一句可知有人看作者的博客并回收了衣服，故B正確；文中未提到C選項，故錯誤；根據文中第五段第二、三句可知，作者學鉤針之類的并不是為了開博客，故D項錯誤。]

　　4．The underlined word “feedback” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ________．

　　A．attitude

　　B．advice

　　C．response

　　D．approach

　　答案　C　[詞feedback后面引用的話語，可知是一些博客瀏覽者給作者的一些回饋．故feedback是回饋的意思，故選C。]

　　5．Which of the following best describes Alexis?

　　A．Creative and responsible.

　　B．Smart and cooperative.

　　C．Independent and humorous.

　　D．Fashionable and amusing.

　　答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據文章大意，作者利用博客來宣傳舊衣改造，以此保護環境，可知作者不僅有保護環境的責任心，而且還有創造力，很聰明，但文中沒有提到作者與他人的合作，故不涉及合作，也沒有體現出作者的幽默感和有意思的地方，故選A。]

　　閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的選項中選出最佳選項。體裁：說明文　話題：時間的320　時間：5′

　　Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us.Physicists have created_fascinating theories,but their time__is__measured__by__a__pendulum__(鐘擺) and is not__psychological time,__which__leaps__with_little_regard_to_the_clock_or_calendar.As someone who understood the distinction observed, “When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours.”

　　Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age.They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass.For example, a days at the office flies compared with a days at the beach.Since most of us spend fewer day at the beach and more at the office as we age, an increase in structured time could well be to blame for why time seems to speed up as we grow older.

　　Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly.Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere we've never been before.Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no idea of when we'll arrive, we experience the trip for a long time.But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time.The novelty of the journey has become routine.Thus, taking a different route sometimes can often help slow the clock.

　　When days become as similar as beads (小珠子) on a string, they mix together, and even months become a single day.To handle this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your day—to stop time.

　　Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passing of time.One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery.For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn't have to be.

　　【語篇解讀】　文章先講述了人們感受到的時間快慢與物理上的時間是有所不同的，并舉例說明，且提出了一些能“減緩”時間的辦法。

　　1．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 is used to show ________．

　　A. physical time is different from psychological time

　　B．time should not be measured by a pendulum

　　C．psychological time is quite puzzling

　　D．physical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time

　　答案　A　[細節理解題。畫線部分說明物理學家理解的

　　2．Why do units of time fly faster as we grow older?

　　A．Our sense of time changes.

　　B．We spend less time at the beach.

　　C．We have too many appointments.

　　D．More time is structured and scheduled.

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。由第二段最后一句可知“隨著我們的成長，我們覺得時間過得越來越快其實是因為我們的計劃好的時間增多了”，故選D。]

　　3．In Paragraph 3 “novelty” probably means ________．

　　A．unfamiliarity

　　B．excitement

　　C．imagination

　　D．amusement

　　答案　A　[詞義猜測題。由第三段第二句可知，這條路我們從來沒來過，所以是陌生的。]

　　．Which statement is TRUE according to the article?

　　A．Expectation makes time seem to run slowly.

　　B．Sitting with a pretty girl always makes time flow fast.

　　C．A day at the office is longer than a day at the beach.

　　D．Learning a new language is a good way to slow time.

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。由最后一段第一句可知“學習一些新的東西是減緩時間的一種方法”，故選D。]

　　．The purpose of the passage is to ________．

　　A．describe how we experience time psychologically

　　B．explain why time flies and how to slow it down psychologically

　　C．show the different ideas of physicists and psychologists on time

　　D．give various explanations about time

　　答案　B　[主旨大意

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　British men are encouraged to cry.

　　There are certain things British men like to believe about themselves. The first is that one day they will again win the World Cup. They also believe they do not cry.

　　Over the centuries, Britons are believed to have a “stiff upper lip”. But is this true?

　　Yes, it is. A recent study arranged by Kleenex on how the British express their emotions reveals that 95 percent of them still contain their emotions.

　　Moreover, while 72 percent think this is unhealthy, 19 percent can’t remember the last time they “let it out”. As a result, Kleenex is launching the “Let It Out” campaign that encourages Britons to grab a tissue and have a good cry.

　　These days, however, the male Briton’s attitude toward crying is changing. Though the majority still struggles to open up emotionally, a 2004 study by Oxford’s Social Issues Research Center found that 77 percent of British men considered crying in public increasingly acceptable. Half of London males admitted crying in front of their mothers. Scotsmen are the least emotional, although they are the most likely to cry at weddings.

　　Peter Marsh, director of the center, said: “Crying can now indicate sensitivity rather than weakness. Like with David Beckham, crying because you’re dropping off your boy at nursery isn’t seen as weak.”

　　Winston Churchill was said to be a frequent crier, shedding tears at seeing a survivor in an air raid shelter (防空洞), and when he saw his wife after a long absence.

　　Psychologists say that while society has accepted that men can cry, there are limits. Ronald Bracey, a consulting psychologist, said: “If a man began to cry when he was having stitches (縫針)in hospital, he would be considered as a wimp(軟弱的人). Men still need to be seen as strong when it comes to physical pain.”

　　1. What does the passage mainly deal with?

　　A. Impression of British men.

　　B. British men’s dream of the World Cup.

　　C. Advice on how to control emotions.

　　D. Different attitudes British men have towards crying.