重慶市2024高考英語閱讀理解選編（52）（附解析）?

　　【2024模擬題】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

　　NASA has recently found a twin Earth in the Milky Way. Scientists said the planet was the closest to Earth that has been seen.

　　Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old. It has a 385-day year and orbits its star at the same distance as us. It is so like Earth that NASA believes it is possible that life once inhabited the planet. Kepler 452b is 60 percent larger in diameter (直徑) than Earth. Scientists say that the planet received the same kind of sunshine as we do on Earth. Thus, plants could survive if taken to the planet.

　　Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth, scientists say it can show a possible future for earth. “If Kepler 452b is indeed a rocky planets, its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.” Said Doug Caldwell, a scientist working on the Kepler Mission.

　　According to Caldwell, the increasing energy from its aging sun might be heating the surface and evaporating any oceans. Kepler 452b could be experiencing now what Earth will undergo more than a billion years from now, as the Sun ages and grows brighter.

　　The discovery also gives new hope that alien(外星人) civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System. “We won’t be going to this planet but our children’s children’s children might be.” said Jeff Coughlin, another research scientist on the Kepler Mission.

　　The Kepler space telescope (太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡) has been looking for signs of new worlds outside the Solar System since May 2009, and has so far found more than 4,000 planets. But those planets are either too hot or too cold to sustain life.

　　（注：Kepler Mission NASA 設(shè)計的發(fā)現(xiàn)類地行星的太空探索任務(wù)）

　　1. The following statements about Kepler 452b (Earth 2) are all correct except ________.

　　A. It has existed for six billion years.

　　B. It is 60% larger in diameter than the earth.

　　C. It has already entered an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history

　　D. It is the closest planet to the earth.

　　2. The importance of the discovery of Earth2 lies in the fact that Earth2 ________.

　　① can show a likely future for the earth

　　② gives new hope that alien civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System

　　③ proves that life once inhabited the planet

　　④ proves that plants can survive on other planets apart from the eartth.

　　⑤ is going through now what the earth will undergo more than a billion years from now

　　A. ④⑤

　　B. ①③

　　C. ②④

　　D. ①②

　　3. What can we infer from the text?

　　A. The earth has existed for about 4.5 billion years.

　　B. Kepler 452b is one of the planets in the Milky Way.

　　C. Doug Caldwel and Jeff Coughlin are both research scientists on the Kepler Mission.

　　D. More than 4,000 planets outside the Solar System still cannot sustain life now.

　　1. C. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“…its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.”可知，“它的位置可能意味著它正在進(jìn)入它的氣候歷史中不可控制的溫室階段”的說法只是一種推想，而不是已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了。句中的“could”是關(guān)鍵詞，它表明了一種假想的情況。故答案為C項。

　　2. D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話和第五段第一句話可知，答案應(yīng)為D項。

　　3. A. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話“Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old.”和第三段第一句話中的“Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth,…”可以推知答案應(yīng)為A項。即地球存在的時間是：（6 billion –1.5billion = 4.5 billion）年。其余各項雖然表述是正確答，但都是原文直接提到的內(nèi)容，不是推斷出來的。

　　閱讀理解2024·江西六校高三聯(lián)考Most people will answer a ringing phone.Usually you don’t know who is phoning or how urgent their business is，so a ringing phone is difficult to ignore.In one experiment，a researcher wrote down the numbers of several public phones in stations and airports.Then he called the numbers.Someone nearly always answered.When he asked why，people usually said，“Because it rang.”

　　A few years ago in New Jersey，a man with a rifle killed 13 people.Armed police surrounded his house but he refused to come out.A reporter found out the phone number of the house and called.The man put down his rifle and answered the phone.“What do you want？” he said，“I’m really busy right now.”

　　Imagine you are at work and the phone is ringing in someone else’s office.Do you answer it or not？In one survey on telephone use,51% of participants told researchers that they did.We can’t ignore the phone and for that reason，it forces its way into our life.It interrupts what we are doing and on top of that，the caller is often someone we don’t really want to talk to.However，in the survey,58% said they never took the phone off the hook，and 67% didn’t mind if someone called during a television programme.For 44% it wasn’t a problem if someone rang during a meal，while only 28% were annoyed or upset.If someone phoned in the middle of the night,40% told researchers that they got nervous or frightened，while around 30% got angry.

　　Of course，when someone is really annoying，you can choose to hang up on him/her.This is in fact one of the rudest things you can do on the phone，but 79% said they were prepared to do it in some cases.Only 6% told researchers they never hung up on people.

　　1．In the experiment，people answered the researcher’s phone________.

　　A．in order to help him gather the data

　　B．for fear that it was urgent

　　C．to test the function of the phone

　　D．to show their interest in the survey

　　2．The gunman answered the phone because________.

　　A．he decided not to give up his resistance to the police

　　B．he intended to be friendly with the media

　　C．he wanted to tell the reporter that he was too busy to offer any information

　　D．he tended to answer a ringing phone

　　3．According to Paragraph 3，most people________when they were doing their work or watching

　　television.

　　A．refused to answer the phone in someone else’s office

　　B．couldn’t ignore the phone

　　C．minded the ringing of the phone

　　D．kept the phone ringing

　　4．What is implied by the sentence “79% said they were prepared to do it in some cases”？

　　A．They also agreed to hang up on others regardless of rudeness.

　　B．They were prepared to punish those rude callers.

　　C．They were annoying rude callers.

　　D．They were going to hang on annoying phones.

　　5．The purpose of the survey is to find out________.

　　A．how the phone interrupts people’s work

　　B．what role the phone plays in people’s lives

　　C．why people mind a ringing phone sometimes

　　D．when the phone communication is more welcome

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇調(diào)查報道。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)人都會接聽正在響著的電話，因為他們想知道是誰在打電話或者擔(dān)心有什么緊急情況。

　　1．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句可知，人們接聽電話是因為他們想知道是誰在打電話或者擔(dān)心有什么緊急情況。

　　答案：　B

　　2．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容并結(jié)合文章大意可知，那位殺人犯之所以接聽了電話，是因為他和多數(shù)人一樣，不能不理會正在響著的電話。

　　答案：　D

　　3．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第四句“We can’t ignore the phone and for that reason，it forces its way into our life.”可知，多數(shù)人在工作或看電視時，當(dāng)聽到電話響了會去接聽。

　　答案：　B

　　4．解析：　句意理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)接聽了電話后，如果對方令人討厭，你當(dāng)然可以掛斷他或她的電話。雖然這是在打電話時很沒禮貌的行為，但79%的人說如果碰到類似情況他們也會那樣做。

　　答案：　A

　　5．解析：　寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文的寫作目的是為了調(diào)查人們?yōu)槭裁磿ソ勇犝陧懼碾娫挼脑颉?/p>

　　答案：C閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的選項中選出最佳選項。體裁：說明文　話題：全球變暖　詞數(shù)：350　時間：6′

　　The UN Environment Programme says that rising temperatures could mean the end for some migrating animals.

　　Migrating or mobile animals move through several environments as they travel away from the cold of winter to warmer areas.Birds may fly from one part of the world to another, perhaps stopping at feeding grounds on the way.Whales and turtles (海龜) cover vast areas of ocean.The report says that changes in any one of the places which these animals use can cause serious harm.“Obviously these animals have developed their travelling patterns over thousands of years.But climate change is almost certain to be extreme over the next 25 to 50 years and it is extremely unlikely that these animals can change their habits fast enough，” said the report author Dr Robert Hepworth.Hardest hit by rising temperatures are turtles.Scientists have found that at higher temperatures, turtles produce far more female eggs than male ones.In parts of Malaysia, turtle birthing sites are producing only females, the report says.It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer.

　　With birds, the main problem is climate－related damage to important areas at either end of the travels or at resting places along the way.About one－fifth of migrating birds are now in danger because of climate－related changes including rising sea levels, land loss and more violent storms, the report concludes.

　　Other animals picked out as particularly in danger include：the North Atlantic Right Whale, whose main food (tiny shrimp) is disturbed by the change in ocean flows and the White－Nose Dolphin, which is out－competed by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters.The report is not all bad news.Even with major climatic changes, protecting the environment can still help mobile animals to recover.“We need governments to start taking action at the national and international level.The clock is running.”， said Dr Hepworth.And some animals are already adapting, with the report mentioning whales that are changing their feeding behaviour, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat.

　　【語篇解讀】　本文主要講述了全球變暖對遷徙動物的影響。

　　1．What is the main topic of the text?

　　A．The effect of climate change on migrating animals.

　　B.How animals are adapting to changes in temperature.

　　C．The actions required to save migrating animals.

　　D．The need for government policies to prevent global warming.

　　答案　A　

　　2．By saying “the clock is running” in the last paragraph, Dr Hepworth means that “________”．

　　A．it may be too late to save some animals

　　B．it is time to start protecting the animals

　　C．there is not much time to solve the problem

　　D．it takes time to complete the actions

　　答案　C　

　　3．According to the report, how will global warming affect turtles in the future?

　　A．They will only produce female babies.

　　B．Their food supply will gradually disappear.

　　C．Some will suffer from higher rates of cancer.

　　D．They will be in greater danger because of more violent storms.

　　答案　C　

　　4Which of the following is mentioned as a consequence of rising temperatures?

　　A．More storms will affect the ability of whales to find their feeding grounds.

　　B．20 percent of all birds are likely to die out because of land loss.

　　C．Migrating animals are likely to start adapting to the changes more quickly.

　　D．Warmer oceans will increase the competition between different kinds of dolphins.

　　答案　D　

　　5．What can be inferred about turtles from the text?

　　A．They are the only animals besides humans that suffer from cancer.

　　B．They have traditionally lived longer than other ocean－based animals.

　　C．Those born nearer a hotter area are more likely to be female.

　　D．Most kinds of turtles are likely to die out within 50 years.

　　答案　C　

　　A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項。

　　(2024·延安模擬) Graham and his friends preferred to shoot_up in their arms, necks and legs. A dealer once said Graham was the type who would never be able to turn back and that he expected him to die from the drug. Wendy feared the same, but didn't know how to save her son.“Once, after he'd disappeared for more than a month, I found him at a friend's house with a bunch of other users，” she said, “I got down on my hands and knees, begging him to come home. He did, but the next morning he was gone.I don't know what made him do it, but I drove 20 miles to the nearest train station.Graham was headed for Seattle, his pockets full of drugs.If I hadn't gotten there in time, I would never have seen him alive again.”

　　The turning point came in 2007, after Graham was arrested yet again for possession.Wendy got a call from the Montana Drugs Project, which works with local law enforcement (強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行)

　　to keep track of youth-related crimes so it can help families in trouble.Following a counselor's advice, Wendy hired two men to come to her home in the middle of the night, tie Graham and take him to a treatment program in Thompson Falls, Montana.“I was high when they came and really angry with my mom，” he said, “But if she hadn't done that, drugs would have killed me.” After six months of treatment, Graham, now 19, came back to Kalispell, where he's grown close to Wendy once again.“I still have the desires every day and attend support meetings every night，” he said, “But life is worth living again. My mom thinks that's a miracle. I guess she is right.”

　　1.The underlined phrase “shoot up” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”.

　　A.increase very quickly and suddenly

　　B.put illegal drugs into the body by using a needle

　　C.kill or injure someone by using a gun

　　D.try to achieve a particular aim

　　2.When the two men came to their home in the middle of the night, Graham ________.

　　A.had just taken drugs and was in the state of excitement

　　B.was sleeping in a high bed above the ground

　　C.had just taken drugs and was in the state of suffering

　　D.was quarrelling with his mother

　　3.What conclusion can be drawn from the end of the passage?

　　A.Graham is still using drugs now.

　　B.Graham hates his mother very much.

　　C.Graham thinks he can't be saved.

　　D.Graham has come off drugs now.

　　1．解析：選B　詞義猜測題結(jié)合整篇文章都是圍繞Graham吸毒戒毒等可推知僅有B項“使用針管將非法毒品注入體內(nèi)”與此有關(guān)解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第二段第四句“I was high when they came and really angry with my mom(當(dāng)他們來時我正處于精神亢奮狀態(tài)真的很生母親的氣)”可知選A解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)全文最后“But life is worth living again. My mom thinks that's a miracle. I guess she is right.(但生活是值得的我媽媽認(rèn)為這是一個奇跡我想她是對的)”可知選D