冠

　　詞

　　熟讀深思

　　Tom, a［1］ classmate of mine, is a［2］ Lei Feng in our class, who is always ready to help others. Henry, whose father is a［3］teacher, is considered to be the［4］most diligent student in our class, who is the first one to get to school and the［5］last one to leave every day. He believes the harder you study the［6］ more knowledge you’ll get. Tom likes watching TV while Henry enjoys listening to the ［7］radio. Both of them are working for the［8］Students’ Union. They are of an［9］age and I am a［10］year older than they are. We are good friends because we have a［11］lot in common. First of all, three of us were born in the［12］1990s. Secondly, we all like playing the［13］violin and love sports. We play football twice a［14］week even if we are now in Senior Grade Three. Thirdly, we not only respect teachers and the elderly but also care for the［15］disabled. For example, we often go to a village near our school to look after the［16］Browns, both of whom were lamed in an accident. I remember that on a［17］Saturday afternoon we chatted with the Browns so happily that we didn’t go back home until the［18］ sun set.

　　漢語譯文：我的一個同班同學湯姆是我們班里的活雷鋒，他總是樂于助人。亨利,

　　他的父親是老師,

　　被認為是我們班里最勤奮的學生，每天都是第一個到校最后一個離校。他認為學習越努力,

　　學的知識就越多。 湯姆喜歡看電視，而享利喜歡聽收音機。他們兩人都在學生會工作。他們的年齡相同,

　　我比他們大一歲。

　　我們是朋友，因為我們有許多相同的地方。首先，我們?nèi)齻€都出生在九十年代。第二，我們都喜歡演奏小提琴和喜歡運動，即使我們讀高三了，也依然每周踢兩次足球。第三，我們不但尊敬師長而且也關心殘疾人。例如，我們常常去學校附近的一個村莊去照看布朗夫婦，他們兩個都在一次事故中腿瘸了。我記得在一個星期六的下午，我們同布朗夫婦談得非常開心，直到日落才回家。 1.泛指的一個，用不定冠詞。 2.表示“像……一樣的人”，用不定冠詞。 3.職業(yè)身份前，表示類別，用不定冠詞。 4.最高級前用定冠詞。 5.序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞。 6.構(gòu)成句式: the more…the more…(越…就越…)。 7.習慣用語on the radio。 8.普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前用定冠詞。 9.表示“同一”，用不定冠詞。

　　熟讀深思

　　10. 表示數(shù)量“一”，用不定冠詞。 11. 構(gòu)成短語a lot。

　　12. 在逢整數(shù)的基數(shù)詞前表示年代，用定冠詞。 13. 在表示演奏play后，西洋樂器名詞前，用定冠詞。 14. 表示“每一”，用不定冠詞。 15. 用在形容詞或分詞前表示一類人,

　　用定冠詞。 16. 用在姓氏復數(shù)前表示某夫婦或一家人，用定冠詞。 17. 表示“某一”，用不定冠詞。 18. 在獨一無二的事物前，用定冠詞。

　　冠詞與高考

　　語法填空中，若“(形容詞+)名詞” 前沒有其他限定詞時，很可能就是填冠詞然后，根據(jù)下列三種方法確定用定冠詞還是用不定冠詞。 1. 理解法。不是特指，不用the。

　　2. 觀察法。若名詞后有of短語、不定式或者定語從句等，一般用定冠詞。 3. 翻譯法。凡是可譯作“一個，有一個，任何一個，每一，同一” 的，一般用不定冠詞；凡是譯文中有“這/那……” 字眼的，一般用定冠詞。

　　短文改錯主要考查冠詞的多用與少用，也會考查定冠詞與不定冠詞之間的混用。 一、單句填空

　　用a， an或the填空。

　　靈活運用

　　1. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had ___ amazing conversation. 作賓語的名詞amazing conversation前應填限定詞; 根據(jù)習慣搭配可知填不定冠詞an, 因為have a conversation 意為“談話”。

　　an 2. A young man，while traveling through a desert，came across a spring of clear water.

　　_____ water was sweet. 作主語的名詞前應填限定語; 特指前面提到的clear water, 相當于“這”種清泉, 故填The。 The 3. Besides， shopping at this time of the year was not _____ pleasant experience： people stepped on your feet… 句中experience意為“經(jīng)歷”, 是可數(shù)名詞；作表語的名詞experience前應填限定詞; 由冒號之后的內(nèi)容可知, 一年的這個時候去購物并不是一次愉快的經(jīng)歷, 表示“一次”用不定冠詞，故填a。

　　a 4. …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to __

　　small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. 作賓語的名詞small town前應填限定語; 由句意可知，此處指將車拉到離那里大約有20公里遠的“一個小鎮(zhèn)”去修, 表示“一個”, 用不定冠詞, small以輔音開頭, 故填a。 a 5. —It’s said that John will be in a job paying over $60, 000

　　____ year.

　　—Right，he will also get paid by ___ week. 第一空填不定冠詞，表示“每”；第二空填定冠詞, 表示單位, 其固定搭配是by the…, 如：by the hour (按小時), by the week(按周)等。 a

　　the 6.Take your time—it’s just ____ short distance from here to _____ restaurant. 第一空填不定冠詞, 表示“一”的意思,

　　a short distance的意思是“一段很近的距離”; 第二空填定冠詞, 表特指, 指說話雙方都知道的那個餐館。 a

　　the 7.First impressions are the most lasting. After all， you never get _____ second chance to make ______ first impression. 第一空用不定冠詞，指在原有基礎上增加一次, 含有another的意思；第二空序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞, 表特指, 即特指某一次。句中的a second chance相當于another chance。

　　a the 8. We can never expect ____ bluer sky unless we create ____ less polluted world. 在通常情況下, 名詞sky和world前面該用定冠詞; 但是, 當它們受到描繪性定語的修飾時, 就應用不定冠詞, 表示“一個……的天空/世界”。 a

　　a 9. This area experienced _____ heaviest rainfall in ____ month of May. 第一空填定冠詞，是因為其后的名詞受最高級形容詞的修飾；第二空也填定冠詞，是根據(jù)“the + 普通名詞 (地名/時間名) + of + 專有名詞”。 the

　　the 10. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _____ three-hour journey. 由于 journey 為可數(shù)名詞, 故其前應有不定冠詞, 表示“一段三小時的路程”。 a

　　Today our school organized all the students to take part in 1 ___report at the meeting room in our school. Albert, 2 ____ordinary man, delivered a speech on how to learn English. Albert, 3 ___ professor in Beijing University, graduated from 4 ____ English Department of Oxford University in 1985. He said we should form 5 ____habit of previewing English, and this would help to perform well in class. When we study English in class, we must be earnest and active.

　　a

　　a

　　an

　　the

　　the

　　二、語篇填空

　　If so, we can absorb 6 ___large amount of knowledge. After class, we should read more English passages, which is important for the English learners. By doing this, we are not only informed what happens in 7 ____world, but we can also review 8____ large number of former words. After 9____ period of time, we should also sort out our notes and go over what we have learned. In 10 __word, English isn’t difficult to learn, as long as we do what he told us. a

　　a

　　a

　　a

　　the

　　本文主要是講同學們通過聽Albert教授的講座，學到了一些學習英語的方法。 1. a 泛指，是指一個報告。

　　2. an 因ordinary是元音音標開頭的。an ordinary man意思是“一位普通人”。

　　3. a 泛指, 這里指Albert是北京大學的“一名”教授。

　　4. the 由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前用定冠詞。 5. the 受表示特指的of短語修飾，form the habit of意為“養(yǎng)成……的習慣”。 6. a 因a large amount of意為“許多”，與不可數(shù)名詞連用。 7. the 世界上獨一無二的事物要用定冠詞。 8. a 因a large number of意為“許多”, 與可數(shù)名詞連用。 9. a 因a period of 意為“一段時間”。 10. a 因in a word意為“總之”。 三、單句改錯

　　1. In China, more and more children are learning to play piano nowadays. play后加the

　　因為play 后加西洋樂器時要帶 the。

　　2. There is no doubt that little Tom is a honest boy. a→ an

　　因honest 的讀音以元音開頭，故用an。 3. Out of the curiosity, he opened the novel. 刪除out of后的the

　　因Out of curiosity (出于好奇)是固定搭配。

　　4. I didn’t have own room till my sister left for college. 在own前加my

　　因為own習慣上總是與形容詞性物主代詞連用的。 5. The moment he saw her, he opened arms and hugged her. 在arms前加his

　　指張開“他的”手臂擁抱她。

　　6. A selfie(自拍) is a type of self-portrait photograph, typically taken with hand-held digital camera or camera phone. with后加 a

　　因為camera是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，用不定冠詞表示泛指。 7. The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered what a boy would do.

　　a→ the

　　特指前面提到的那個新來的男孩。

　　8. 70% of students surveyed hold the view that rules can help the public make the right choices, and remain safe.

　　students前加the

　　特指被調(diào)查的“那些”學生。 9. Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in same home?

　　在same前加the

　　因為same前面習慣上要有the。

　　10. Karl Marx began to learn English in the fifties.

　　the→ his

　　表示“在某人幾十幾歲時”，用in one’s fifties。 Thank you !

　　冠

　　詞

　　熟讀深思

　　Tom, a［1］ classmate of mine, is a［2］ Lei Feng in our class, who is always ready to help others. Henry, whose father is a［3］teacher, is considered to be the［4］most diligent student in our class, who is the first one to get to school and the［5］last one to leave every day. He believes the harder you study the［6］ more knowledge you’ll get. Tom likes watching TV while Henry enjoys listening to the ［7］radio. Both of them are working for the［8］Students’ Union. They are of an［9］age and I am a［10］year older than they are. We are good friends because we have a［11］lot in common. First of all, three of us were born in the［12］1990s. Secondly, we all like playing the［13］violin and love sports. We play football twice a［14］week even if we are now in Senior Grade Three. Thirdly, we not only respect teachers and the elderly but also care for the［15］disabled. For example, we often go to a village near our school to look after the［16］Browns, both of whom were lamed in an accident. I remember that on a［17］Saturday afternoon we chatted with the Browns so happily that we didn’t go back home until the［18］ sun set.

　　漢語譯文：我的一個同班同學湯姆是我們班里的活雷鋒，他總是樂于助人。亨利,

　　他的父親是老師,

　　被認為是我們班里最勤奮的學生，每天都是第一個到校最后一個離校。他認為學習越努力,

　　學的知識就越多。 湯姆喜歡看電視，而享利喜歡聽收音機。他們兩人都在學生會工作。他們的年齡相同,

　　我比他們大一歲。

　　我們是朋友，因為我們有許多相同的地方。首先，我們?nèi)齻€都出生在九十年代。第二，我們都喜歡演奏小提琴和喜歡運動，即使我們讀高三了，也依然每周踢兩次足球。第三，我們不但尊敬師長而且也關心殘疾人。例如，我們常常去學校附近的一個村莊去照看布朗夫婦，他們兩個都在一次事故中腿瘸了。我記得在一個星期六的下午，我們同布朗夫婦談得非常開心，直到日落才回家。 1.泛指的一個，用不定冠詞。 2.表示“像……一樣的人”，用不定冠詞。 3.職業(yè)身份前，表示類別，用不定冠詞。 4.最高級前用定冠詞。 5.序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞。 6.構(gòu)成句式: the more…the more…(越…就越…)。 7.習慣用語on the radio。 8.普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前用定冠詞。 9.表示“同一”，用不定冠詞。

　　熟讀深思

　　10. 表示數(shù)量“一”，用不定冠詞。 11. 構(gòu)成短語a lot。

　　12. 在逢整數(shù)的基數(shù)詞前表示年代，用定冠詞。 13. 在表示演奏play后，西洋樂器名詞前，用定冠詞。 14. 表示“每一”，用不定冠詞。 15. 用在形容詞或分詞前表示一類人,

　　用定冠詞。 16. 用在姓氏復數(shù)前表示某夫婦或一家人，用定冠詞。 17. 表示“某一”，用不定冠詞。 18. 在獨一無二的事物前，用定冠詞。

　　冠詞與高考

　　語法填空中，若“(形容詞+)名詞” 前沒有其他限定詞時，很可能就是填冠詞然后，根據(jù)下列三種方法確定用定冠詞還是用不定冠詞。 1. 理解法。不是特指，不用the。

　　2. 觀察法。若名詞后有of短語、不定式或者定語從句等，一般用定冠詞。 3. 翻譯法。凡是可譯作“一個，有一個，任何一個，每一，同一” 的，一般用不定冠詞；凡是譯文中有“這/那……” 字眼的，一般用定冠詞。

　　短文改錯主要考查冠詞的多用與少用，也會考查定冠詞與不定冠詞之間的混用。 一、單句填空

　　用a， an或the填空。

　　靈活運用

　　1. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had ___ amazing conversation. 作賓語的名詞amazing conversation前應填限定詞; 根據(jù)習慣搭配可知填不定冠詞an, 因為have a conversation 意為“談話”。

　　an 2. A young man，while traveling through a desert，came across a spring of clear water.

　　_____ water was sweet. 作主語的名詞前應填限定語; 特指前面提到的clear water, 相當于“這”種清泉, 故填The。 The 3. Besides， shopping at this time of the year was not _____ pleasant experience： people stepped on your feet… 句中experience意為“經(jīng)歷”, 是可數(shù)名詞；作表語的名詞experience前應填限定詞; 由冒號之后的內(nèi)容可知, 一年的這個時候去購物并不是一次愉快的經(jīng)歷, 表示“一次”用不定冠詞，故填a。

　　a 4. …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to __

　　small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. 作賓語的名詞small town前應填限定語; 由句意可知，此處指將車拉到離那里大約有20公里遠的“一個小鎮(zhèn)”去修, 表示“一個”, 用不定冠詞, small以輔音開頭, 故填a。 a 5. —It’s said that John will be in a job paying over $60, 000

　　____ year.

　　—Right，he will also get paid by ___ week. 第一空填不定冠詞，表示“每”；第二空填定冠詞, 表示單位, 其固定搭配是by the…, 如：by the hour (按小時), by the week(按周)等。 a

　　the 6.Take your time—it’s just ____ short distance from here to _____ restaurant. 第一空填不定冠詞, 表示“一”的意思,

　　a short distance的意思是“一段很近的距離”; 第二空填定冠詞, 表特指, 指說話雙方都知道的那個餐館。 a

　　the 7.First impressions are the most lasting. After all， you never get _____ second chance to make ______ first impression. 第一空用不定冠詞，指在原有基礎上增加一次, 含有another的意思；第二空序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞, 表特指, 即特指某一次。句中的a second chance相當于another chance。

　　a the 8. We can never expect ____ bluer sky unless we create ____ less polluted world. 在通常情況下, 名詞sky和world前面該用定冠詞; 但是, 當它們受到描繪性定語的修飾時, 就應用不定冠詞, 表示“一個……的天空/世界”。 a

　　a 9. This area experienced _____ heaviest rainfall in ____ month of May. 第一空填定冠詞，是因為其后的名詞受最高級形容詞的修飾；第二空也填定冠詞，是根據(jù)“the + 普通名詞 (地名/時間名) + of + 專有名詞”。 the

　　the 10. It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was _____ three-hour journey. 由于 journey 為可數(shù)名詞, 故其前應有不定冠詞, 表示“一段三小時的路程”。 a

　　Today our school organized all the students to take part in 1 ___report at the meeting room in our school. Albert, 2 ____ordinary man, delivered a speech on how to learn English. Albert, 3 ___ professor in Beijing University, graduated from 4 ____ English Department of Oxford University in 1985. He said we should form 5 ____habit of previewing English, and this would help to perform well in class. When we study English in class, we must be earnest and active.

　　a

　　a

　　an

　　the

　　the

　　二、語篇填空

　　If so, we can absorb 6 ___large amount of knowledge. After class, we should read more English passages, which is important for the English learners. By doing this, we are not only informed what happens in 7 ____world, but we can also review 8____ large number of former words. After 9____ period of time, we should also sort out our notes and go over what we have learned. In 10 __word, English isn’t difficult to learn, as long as we do what he told us. a

　　a

　　a

　　a

　　the

　　本文主要是講同學們通過聽Albert教授的講座，學到了一些學習英語的方法。 1. a 泛指，是指一個報告。

　　2. an 因ordinary是元音音標開頭的。an ordinary man意思是“一位普通人”。

　　3. a 泛指, 這里指Albert是北京大學的“一名”教授。

　　4. the 由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前用定冠詞。 5. the 受表示特指的of短語修飾，form the habit of意為“養(yǎng)成……的習慣”。 6. a 因a large amount of意為“許多”，與不可數(shù)名詞連用。 7. the 世界上獨一無二的事物要用定冠詞。 8. a 因a large number of意為“許多”, 與可數(shù)名詞連用。 9. a 因a period of 意為“一段時間”。 10. a 因in a word意為“總之”。 三、單句改錯

　　1. In China, more and more children are learning to play piano nowadays. play后加the

　　因為play 后加西洋樂器時要帶 the。

　　2. There is no doubt that little Tom is a honest boy. a→ an

　　因honest 的讀音以元音開頭，故用an。 3. Out of the curiosity, he opened the novel. 刪除out of后的the

　　因Out of curiosity (出于好奇)是固定搭配。

　　4. I didn’t have own room till my sister left for college. 在own前加my

　　因為own習慣上總是與形容詞性物主代詞連用的。 5. The moment he saw her, he opened arms and hugged her. 在arms前加his

　　指張開“他的”手臂擁抱她。

　　6. A selfie(自拍) is a type of self-portrait photograph, typically taken with hand-held digital camera or camera phone. with后加 a

　　因為camera是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，用不定冠詞表示泛指。 7. The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered what a boy would do.

　　a→ the

　　特指前面提到的那個新來的男孩。

　　8. 70% of students surveyed hold the view that rules can help the public make the right choices, and remain safe.

　　students前加the

　　特指被調(diào)查的“那些”學生。 9. Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in same home?

　　在same前加the

　　因為same前面習慣上要有the。

　　10. Karl Marx began to learn English in the fifties.

　　the→ his

　　表示“在某人幾十幾歲時”，用in one’s fifties。 Thank you !