⑥ exist

　　vi. 短語 exist in存在于……中 exist on

　　靠……為生 exist by

　　靠……生存 existence n.

　　存在；生存 in existence

　　存在 come into existence

　　開始存在；成立 bring into existence

　　使產生 ⑥ exist

　　vi. 溫馨提示 exist 是不及物動詞，不能用于被動，也不能用于進行時態。 exist 還可用于there be 句型中表示“存在有”。類似的還有seem, appear, stand, lie, run, remain, etc. ⑥ exist

　　vi.

　　There appears to be lots of misunderstanding between us.

　　我們之間有很多誤會。

　　There once lived two gods who were in charge of Earth and Heaven.

　　曾經有兩個神，他們分別掌管地和天。 ⑥ exist

　　vi. 活用

　　單項填空 There, in the small temple, used to _____ a big bell. But now it has gone.

　　A. happen

　　B. come

　　C. exist

　　D. stand 解析

　　在那個小寺廟里，曾經“有”一個大鐘，但現在已經不見了。 C ⑦ gentle adj. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) Mothers are always gentle with their children.

　　(2) It's very comfortable to let the gentle wind blow on your face.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 輕輕的，輕柔的 　 B. 溫柔的，文雅的

　　A B 鏈接 gentle-looking adj.

　　看起來彬彬有禮的、看起來很紳士的 gentleman n.

　　紳士，先生 gently adv.

　　溫柔地，輕柔地，輕輕地

　　gentleness n.

　　溫柔，和善 短語 be gentle with sb.

　　對某人體貼入微 gentle in voice / action

　　聲音溫柔，舉止文雅 ⑦ gentle adj. 活用

　　單項填空 (1) Strolling at the lake, the ______ wind is brushing your face. How romantic!

　　A. mild

　　B. soft

　　C. gentle

　　D. light 解析　考查形容詞詞義辨析。題意是：信步于湖 畔，清風輕拂著你的臉。多么富有詩情畫意啊！ 通過語境體現出是物體運動輕緩的語義，所以答 案是C。 ⑦ gentle adj. C ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) To escape the pull of the earth, a rocket must reach a speed of 28,440 km/h.

　　(2) He pulled the door open and rushed out.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 拉　 B. 吸引力

　　B A 短語 pull down

　　拆除； (把身體)拖垮 pull off

　　(匆忙地)脫下(衣物); (成功地)完成 pull on

　　(匆忙地)穿上 pull out

　　拔出； 駛出； 擺脫(困難) pull in

　　進站；靠岸 pull away

　　駛離；開走 ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 解析　考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是：班車駛進車站，乘客一個個地下來了。drive away開走；push in 是不存在的短語；rush in 沖進，不合題意，所以答案是C。 活用

　　單項填空 (1) The bus ______ the bus station and the passengers got off one after another.

　　A. drove away

　　B. pushed in

　　C. pulled in

　　D. rushed in ⑧pull

　　n. & v. C 解析　考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是：勇士匆忙脫下衣服跳進河里救那落水兒童。pull on匆忙穿上；put off 推遲；take off脫下，在語境中不是最佳答案；pull off匆忙脫下，所以答案是D。 (2) The brave man ______ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.

　　A. pulled on

　　B. put off

　　C. took off

　　D. pulled off ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 活用

　　單項填空 D

　　① harmful adj. 根據語境感悟其用法 Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.

　　果汁可能對孩子們的牙齒有害。 鏈接 harm n. 傷害；損害

　　vt. 傷害……；損害……

　　harmless adj. 無害的；無惡意的 短語 do sb. harm ＝ do harm to sb.

　　對某人有害 be harmful to

　　對……有害

　　① harmful adj. 句型 It does no harm to do sth. /There is no harm (in) doing sth.

　　不妨做某事 It wouldn't do sb. any harm to do sth.

　　做某事對某人并無害處 活用

　　用harm的適當形式填空 (1) Your smoking may be _______(有害) to the health of your baby.

　　(2) The storm has done great _____ (有害) to the crops.

　　(3) The dog seems fierce, but actually he's ________.

　　harmless

　　① harmful adj. harmful harm 根據語境感悟其用法 They have been prevented by the traffic jam from going there on time.

　　他們被交通擁堵所阻礙，以致沒有按時到達那里。 ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 鏈接 “阻止某人做某事”的幾種表達式：

　　ban sb. from doing sth.

　　stop sb. (from) doing sth.

　　keep sb. from doing sth.

　　② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 活用

　　單項填空 (1) We must take firm and efficient measures to prevent pollution ______our life even better.

　　A. to make

　　B. making

　　C. make

　　D. against making ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 A 解析　考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是：

　　為了使我們的生活更加美好，我們必須采取果斷 而卓有成效的措施阻止污染。根據語境非謂語動 詞在本句是目的狀語，所以答案是A。本題極容 易造成學生們的思維定勢而誤選B。 活用

　　單項填空 ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 (2) We'll spare no effort to prevent the river ______.

　　A. from polluting

　　B. polluting

　　C. being polluted

　　D. polluted 解析　考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是： 我們將不遺余力地阻止河流污染。根據語境河流 與污染形成了被動關系，所以答案是C。

　　② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 活用

　　單項填空 C ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 根據語境感悟其用法 The violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain, snow, or hail.

　　強烈的風暴經常伴隨雨、雪或冰雹。 鏈接 violence n.

　　暴力，暴行 violently adv.

　　猛烈地；劇烈地 短語 a violent wind 　暴風 a violent language

　　激烈的語言 a violent attack

　　猛烈的攻擊 violent behaviour

　　暴力行為 ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 活用

　　根據漢語意思，完成下列句子 (1)人們非常關注青少年暴力行為。 There is a great concern about ___________among adolescents. (2)狂風將船猛地推向一塊巨大的礁石。 ______________dashed the ship against a huge rock. ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 答案 (1)the violent behaviour　

　　(2)The violent wind ④ spread v. (spread, spread)

　　展開，傳播 根據語境感悟其用法 He called for more measures to be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease.

　　他呼吁采取更多措施以阻止疾病的傳播。 短語 spread out a map 　攤開地圖 spread news

　　傳播消息 ④ spread v. (spread, spread)

　　展開，傳播 活用

　　根據漢語意思，完成下列句子 (1)這座城市向北方延伸了10英里。 The city __________ ten miles to the north.(2)蒼蠅傳播疾病。 Flies _______ diseases. (3)壞消息通常傳得快。 Bad news usually _______________. spreads for spread spreads quickly ⑤puzzle n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) It's a puzzle to me why he hasn't come for my birthday party.

　　(2) Can you help me out with the math puzzle? (3) Her word puzzled him.

　　(4) I was puzzled how to handle the situation.

　　答案

　　(1)B 　(2)C 　(3) A 　(4) D 根據語義找匹配 A. 使……迷惑不解　 B. 謎　 C. 難題　 D. 使……為難 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 鏈接 puzzling adj.

　　令人困惑的；使人感到困惑的 puzzled adj.

　　困惑的；感到困惑的 puzzlement n.

　　困惑，迷惑 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 短語 be in a puzzle about

　　對……大惑不解 work out a puzzle

　　猜謎；解決難題 puzzle over

　　對……冥思苦想 puzzle out

　　(苦苦思索而)搞清楚 puzzle one's brain about / over 對……而大傷腦筋 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 活用

　　用puzzle的正確形式填空

　　The (1) _________ boy (2) _______ his mother,

　　so there was a (3) _______ expression on her face.

　　Much to (4) __________ of his mother, he left home

　　without saying a word.

　　⑤puzzle n. & v. puzzlement　

　　puzzling puzzled puzzled ⑥ exist

　　vi. 根據語境猜詞義 (1)Problems also exist in agriculture.

　　(2)Food will not get cheaper under existing conditions.

　　(3)She exists on tea and bread.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 生存；生活　 B. 現存的；現在的 adj.　 C. 存在；有 C A B

　　⑥ exist

　　vi. 短語 exist in存在于……中 exist on

　　靠……為生 exist by

　　靠……生存 existence n.

　　存在；生存 in existence

　　存在 come into existence

　　開始存在；成立 bring into existence

　　使產生 ⑥ exist

　　vi. 溫馨提示 exist 是不及物動詞，不能用于被動，也不能用于進行時態。 exist 還可用于there be 句型中表示“存在有”。類似的還有seem, appear, stand, lie, run, remain, etc. ⑥ exist

　　vi.

　　There appears to be lots of misunderstanding between us.

　　我們之間有很多誤會。

　　There once lived two gods who were in charge of Earth and Heaven.

　　曾經有兩個神，他們分別掌管地和天。 ⑥ exist

　　vi. 活用

　　單項填空 There, in the small temple, used to _____ a big bell. But now it has gone.

　　A. happen

　　B. come

　　C. exist

　　D. stand 解析

　　在那個小寺廟里，曾經“有”一個大鐘，但現在已經不見了。 C ⑦ gentle adj. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) Mothers are always gentle with their children.

　　(2) It's very comfortable to let the gentle wind blow on your face.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 輕輕的，輕柔的 　 B. 溫柔的，文雅的

　　A B 鏈接 gentle-looking adj.

　　看起來彬彬有禮的、看起來很紳士的 gentleman n.

　　紳士，先生 gently adv.

　　溫柔地，輕柔地，輕輕地

　　gentleness n.

　　溫柔，和善 短語 be gentle with sb.

　　對某人體貼入微 gentle in voice / action

　　聲音溫柔，舉止文雅 ⑦ gentle adj. 活用

　　單項填空 (1) Strolling at the lake, the ______ wind is brushing your face. How romantic!

　　A. mild

　　B. soft

　　C. gentle

　　D. light 解析　考查形容詞詞義辨析。題意是：信步于湖 畔，清風輕拂著你的臉。多么富有詩情畫意啊！ 通過語境體現出是物體運動輕緩的語義，所以答 案是C。 ⑦ gentle adj. C ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) To escape the pull of the earth, a rocket must reach a speed of 28,440 km/h.

　　(2) He pulled the door open and rushed out.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 拉　 B. 吸引力

　　B A 短語 pull down

　　拆除； (把身體)拖垮 pull off

　　(匆忙地)脫下(衣物); (成功地)完成 pull on

　　(匆忙地)穿上 pull out

　　拔出； 駛出； 擺脫(困難) pull in

　　進站；靠岸 pull away

　　駛離；開走 ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 解析　考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是：班車駛進車站，乘客一個個地下來了。drive away開走；push in 是不存在的短語；rush in 沖進，不合題意，所以答案是C。 活用

　　單項填空 (1) The bus ______ the bus station and the passengers got off one after another.

　　A. drove away

　　B. pushed in

　　C. pulled in

　　D. rushed in ⑧pull

　　n. & v. C 解析　考查動詞短語辨析。 語義是：勇士匆忙脫下衣服跳進河里救那落水兒童。pull on匆忙穿上；put off 推遲；take off脫下，在語境中不是最佳答案；pull off匆忙脫下，所以答案是D。 (2) The brave man ______ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the drowning boy.

　　A. pulled on

　　B. put off

　　C. took off

　　D. pulled off ⑧pull

　　n. & v. 活用

　　單項填空 D

　　① harmful adj. 根據語境感悟其用法 Fruit juices can be harmful to children's teeth.

　　果汁可能對孩子們的牙齒有害。 鏈接 harm n. 傷害；損害

　　vt. 傷害……；損害……

　　harmless adj. 無害的；無惡意的 短語 do sb. harm ＝ do harm to sb.

　　對某人有害 be harmful to

　　對……有害

　　① harmful adj. 句型 It does no harm to do sth. /There is no harm (in) doing sth.

　　不妨做某事 It wouldn't do sb. any harm to do sth.

　　做某事對某人并無害處 活用

　　用harm的適當形式填空 (1) Your smoking may be _______(有害) to the health of your baby.

　　(2) The storm has done great _____ (有害) to the crops.

　　(3) The dog seems fierce, but actually he's ________.

　　harmless

　　① harmful adj. harmful harm 根據語境感悟其用法 They have been prevented by the traffic jam from going there on time.

　　他們被交通擁堵所阻礙，以致沒有按時到達那里。 ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 鏈接 “阻止某人做某事”的幾種表達式：

　　ban sb. from doing sth.

　　stop sb. (from) doing sth.

　　keep sb. from doing sth.

　　② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 活用

　　單項填空 (1) We must take firm and efficient measures to prevent pollution ______our life even better.

　　A. to make

　　B. making

　　C. make

　　D. against making ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 A 解析　考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是：

　　為了使我們的生活更加美好，我們必須采取果斷 而卓有成效的措施阻止污染。根據語境非謂語動 詞在本句是目的狀語，所以答案是A。本題極容 易造成學生們的思維定勢而誤選B。 活用

　　單項填空 ② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 (2) We'll spare no effort to prevent the river ______.

　　A. from polluting

　　B. polluting

　　C. being polluted

　　D. polluted 解析　考查非謂語動詞的使用。本題的語義是： 我們將不遺余力地阻止河流污染。根據語境河流 與污染形成了被動關系，所以答案是C。

　　② prevent v.

　　阻礙，阻止 活用

　　單項填空 C ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 根據語境感悟其用法 The violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain, snow, or hail.

　　強烈的風暴經常伴隨雨、雪或冰雹。 鏈接 violence n.

　　暴力，暴行 violently adv.

　　猛烈地；劇烈地 短語 a violent wind 　暴風 a violent language

　　激烈的語言 a violent attack

　　猛烈的攻擊 violent behaviour

　　暴力行為 ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 活用

　　根據漢語意思，完成下列句子 (1)人們非常關注青少年暴力行為。 There is a great concern about ___________among adolescents. (2)狂風將船猛地推向一塊巨大的礁石。 ______________dashed the ship against a huge rock. ③violent adj. 猛烈的，兇暴的 答案 (1)the violent behaviour　

　　(2)The violent wind ④ spread v. (spread, spread)

　　展開，傳播 根據語境感悟其用法 He called for more measures to be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease.

　　他呼吁采取更多措施以阻止疾病的傳播。 短語 spread out a map 　攤開地圖 spread news

　　傳播消息 ④ spread v. (spread, spread)

　　展開，傳播 活用

　　根據漢語意思，完成下列句子 (1)這座城市向北方延伸了10英里。 The city __________ ten miles to the north.(2)蒼蠅傳播疾病。 Flies _______ diseases. (3)壞消息通常傳得快。 Bad news usually _______________. spreads for spread spreads quickly ⑤puzzle n. & v. 根據語境猜詞義 (1) It's a puzzle to me why he hasn't come for my birthday party.

　　(2) Can you help me out with the math puzzle? (3) Her word puzzled him.

　　(4) I was puzzled how to handle the situation.

　　答案

　　(1)B 　(2)C 　(3) A 　(4) D 根據語義找匹配 A. 使……迷惑不解　 B. 謎　 C. 難題　 D. 使……為難 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 鏈接 puzzling adj.

　　令人困惑的；使人感到困惑的 puzzled adj.

　　困惑的；感到困惑的 puzzlement n.

　　困惑，迷惑 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 短語 be in a puzzle about

　　對……大惑不解 work out a puzzle

　　猜謎；解決難題 puzzle over

　　對……冥思苦想 puzzle out

　　(苦苦思索而)搞清楚 puzzle one's brain about / over 對……而大傷腦筋 ⑤puzzle n. & v. 活用

　　用puzzle的正確形式填空

　　The (1) _________ boy (2) _______ his mother,

　　so there was a (3) _______ expression on her face.

　　Much to (4) __________ of his mother, he left home

　　without saying a word.

　　⑤puzzle n. & v. puzzlement　

　　puzzling puzzled puzzled ⑥ exist

　　vi. 根據語境猜詞義 (1)Problems also exist in agriculture.

　　(2)Food will not get cheaper under existing conditions.

　　(3)She exists on tea and bread.

　　根據語義找匹配 A. 生存；生活　 B. 現存的；現在的 adj.　 C. 存在；有 C A B