高中英語句法復習匯總：省略句
省略旬
1. You’d better ______ in the room.
A. not to smoke
B. not smoke
C. don’t smoke
D. not smoking
答：B。 had better do / not do 接省去to的不定式。
2. I’d rather _______ there alone.
A. to go
B. going
C. go
D. went
答：C。 would rather后接省去to的不定式。
3. He would rather die than ________.
A. giving in
B. give in
C. to give in
D. gave in
答：B。 would rather...than...表示“寧愿……而不……”，后接省去to的不定式。
4. —Would you like to go with us?
— _______, but I’m busy now.
A. I’d love
B. I’d love to
C. I love
D. I’d like
答：B。不定式的省略分兩類；1. 省去to的用法。①在would rather, had better, would rather...than等句式中省去to。②在why的問句中省去to。③情態動詞(ought除外)接省去to的不定式。④不定式在感觀動詞和使役動詞后做賓補時省去to。2. 保留to，to后的動詞省略，如I’d love to/I’d like to/I’m going to/try to/mean to/plan to/hope to/wish to.
5. —Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
—_____.
A. I don’t believe
B. I don’t believe it
C. I believe not so
D. I believe not
答：D。Do you think (believe, suppose, expect) ...?等句式的肯定回答是 I think (believe, expect, suppose) so。其否定回答形式是 I think (believe, expect, suppose) not. 或 I don’t (think, expect, suppose) so。
6. —1’11 be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my garden?
—Not at all. _________.
A. I’ve no time
B. I’d rather not
C. I’d like it
D. I’d be happy to
答：D。此題考查不定式的省略。to保留，to后的動詞省略。
7. Why_________ go with us?
A. not to
B. don’t
C. not
D. not you
答：C。不定式在why引導的問句中省去to。why not go 相當于 why don’t you go.
8. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _________
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
答：A。to保留，to后的動詞省略。
9. —Are you a student?
—No, but I________.
A. used to
B. used
C. used to be
D. used to was
答：C。 used to 也是不定式省略的一種形式，如Do you often go there? No, but I used to.但動詞be一般不省。
10. —Do you think you’ll get a pay rise next year?
—________.
A. I hope so
B. I’m afraid so
C. I believe not so
D. Who says it
答：A。I hope so. 我希望如此。
11. —Did your team lose the game?
—_____. Our players didn’t play so well as they could.
A. I’m afraid so
B. 1 don’t think so
C. I believe not
D. I hope so
答：A。其他選項與句童不符。
12. —I’m sorry, but were you speaking to me?
—Yes. Would you please _____ in this room?
A. don’t smoke
B. not to smoke
C. not smoke
D. not smoking
答：C。Would you please后接省去to的不定式。
13. —Do you think we’ll tell him the bad news?
— ________.
A. I don’t hope so
B. I hope not
C. I think it not so
D. I think it not
答：B。hope和guess等詞在肯定答語中常說I hope (guess)so。否定答語常說I hope (guess) not。但不能說 I don’t hope (guess) so。
14. —Have you got the book?
—No, ________, but I didn’t get it.
A. I tried
B. I tried to
C. I tried to get D. I tried it
答：B。to保留，其后的動詞省略。
15. —Don’t you have lunch at school?
— ________, but I used to.
A. Yes, I have
B. Yes, I do
C. No, 1 haven’t
D. No, I don’t
答：D。but I used to相當于 I used to have lunch at school的省略式，由此可判斷D項。我現在不在學校吃午飯，但我過去是這樣，have當“吃”講。
16. I’m not into classical music, ________they.
A. Neither are
B. Nor are
C. So are
D. Either are
答：B。nelther僅指兩者，而nor指兩者或兩者以上。
17. If he doesn’t want to go there,_________.
A. neither do I
B. nor do I
C. neither shall 1
D. so I
答：C。在主從復合句中，若主句用將來時，從句則用一般現在時代替將來時，此題中，所要填的選項就是主句。
18. _________, I’ll go there myself~
A. If necessary
B. Being necessary
C. Being possible
D. Uless it is necessary
答：A．D項與句童不符．A項是常見的省略形式，if possible (necessary) 等，相當于 if it is necessary (possible) 如果必要(可能)的情況下。
19. He wears the same coat ________. They look similar.
A. as you
B. than you
C. that you
D. like you
答：A．as you相當于 as you wear。引導的是定語從句。the same...that 一般指同一件東西。D項與the same不符。
20. He doesn’t speak English as often_____.
A. like others
B. than others
C. as others
D. that others
答：C．as...as...句型可用于肯定和否定句，否定句中還可用... as ...。
21. ________, you should keep it a secret.
A. If asking
B. If asked
C. If to ask
D. If being asking
答：B。連詞接分詞相當于狀語從句，此句相當于If you were asked ....。
22. —_______are they staying here?
—Two weeks.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How far
答：A．Two weeks是簡略答語，相當于They are staying here for two weeks。How long多久；How soon過多久能完成，多快(指時間)；How often提問頻率；How far多遠。
23. I’ll do all I can________you.
A. help
B. to help
C. helping
D. to helping
答：B。can后省去了do，all后省去了that，關系代詞在從句中做賓語時可以省略。
24. Who is the man teacher_______?
A. you spoke to
B. spoke to you
C. you spoke
D. whom you spoke
答：A。關系代詞做賓語時可以省去。此項中省去了whom。
25. China has a larger population than_____.
A. that of Japan
B. Japan
C. in Japan
D. population of Japan
答：B．在比較狀語從句中常省去和前邊相同的部分．B項相當于than Japan has。
省略旬
1. You’d better ______ in the room.
A. not to smoke
B. not smoke
C. don’t smoke
D. not smoking
答：B。 had better do / not do 接省去to的不定式。
2. I’d rather _______ there alone.
A. to go
B. going
C. go
D. went
答：C。 would rather后接省去to的不定式。
3. He would rather die than ________.
A. giving in
B. give in
C. to give in
D. gave in
答：B。 would rather...than...表示“寧愿……而不……”，后接省去to的不定式。
4. —Would you like to go with us?
— _______, but I’m busy now.
A. I’d love
B. I’d love to
C. I love
D. I’d like
答：B。不定式的省略分兩類；1. 省去to的用法。①在would rather, had better, would rather...than等句式中省去to。②在why的問句中省去to。③情態動詞(ought除外)接省去to的不定式。④不定式在感觀動詞和使役動詞后做賓補時省去to。2. 保留to，to后的動詞省略，如I’d love to/I’d like to/I’m going to/try to/mean to/plan to/hope to/wish to.
5. —Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
—_____.
A. I don’t believe
B. I don’t believe it
C. I believe not so
D. I believe not
答：D。Do you think (believe, suppose, expect) ...?等句式的肯定回答是 I think (believe, expect, suppose) so。其否定回答形式是 I think (believe, expect, suppose) not. 或 I don’t (think, expect, suppose) so。
6. —1’11 be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my garden?
—Not at all. _________.
A. I’ve no time
B. I’d rather not
C. I’d like it
D. I’d be happy to
答：D。此題考查不定式的省略。to保留，to后的動詞省略。
7. Why_________ go with us?
A. not to
B. don’t
C. not
D. not you
答：C。不定式在why引導的問句中省去to。why not go 相當于 why don’t you go.
8. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _________
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
答：A。to保留，to后的動詞省略。
9. —Are you a student?
—No, but I________.
A. used to
B. used
C. used to be
D. used to was
答：C。 used to 也是不定式省略的一種形式，如Do you often go there? No, but I used to.但動詞be一般不省。
10. —Do you think you’ll get a pay rise next year?
—________.
A. I hope so
B. I’m afraid so
C. I believe not so
D. Who says it
答：A。I hope so. 我希望如此。
11. —Did your team lose the game?
—_____. Our players didn’t play so well as they could.
A. I’m afraid so
B. 1 don’t think so
C. I believe not
D. I hope so
答：A。其他選項與句童不符。
12. —I’m sorry, but were you speaking to me?
—Yes. Would you please _____ in this room?
A. don’t smoke
B. not to smoke
C. not smoke
D. not smoking
答：C。Would you please后接省去to的不定式。
13. —Do you think we’ll tell him the bad news?
— ________.
A. I don’t hope so
B. I hope not
C. I think it not so
D. I think it not
答：B。hope和guess等詞在肯定答語中常說I hope (guess)so。否定答語常說I hope (guess) not。但不能說 I don’t hope (guess) so。
14. —Have you got the book?
—No, ________, but I didn’t get it.
A. I tried
B. I tried to
C. I tried to get D. I tried it
答：B。to保留，其后的動詞省略。
15. —Don’t you have lunch at school?
— ________, but I used to.
A. Yes, I have
B. Yes, I do
C. No, 1 haven’t
D. No, I don’t
答：D。but I used to相當于 I used to have lunch at school的省略式，由此可判斷D項。我現在不在學校吃午飯，但我過去是這樣，have當“吃”講。
16. I’m not into classical music, ________they.
A. Neither are
B. Nor are
C. So are
D. Either are
答：B。nelther僅指兩者，而nor指兩者或兩者以上。
17. If he doesn’t want to go there,_________.
A. neither do I
B. nor do I
C. neither shall 1
D. so I
答：C。在主從復合句中，若主句用將來時，從句則用一般現在時代替將來時，此題中，所要填的選項就是主句。
18. _________, I’ll go there myself~
A. If necessary
B. Being necessary
C. Being possible
D. Uless it is necessary
答：A．D項與句童不符．A項是常見的省略形式，if possible (necessary) 等，相當于 if it is necessary (possible) 如果必要(可能)的情況下。
19. He wears the same coat ________. They look similar.
A. as you
B. than you
C. that you
D. like you
答：A．as you相當于 as you wear。引導的是定語從句。the same...that 一般指同一件東西。D項與the same不符。
20. He doesn’t speak English as often_____.
A. like others
B. than others
C. as others
D. that others
答：C．as...as...句型可用于肯定和否定句，否定句中還可用... as ...。
21. ________, you should keep it a secret.
A. If asking
B. If asked
C. If to ask
D. If being asking
答：B。連詞接分詞相當于狀語從句，此句相當于If you were asked ....。
22. —_______are they staying here?
—Two weeks.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How far
答：A．Two weeks是簡略答語，相當于They are staying here for two weeks。How long多久；How soon過多久能完成，多快(指時間)；How often提問頻率；How far多遠。
23. I’ll do all I can________you.
A. help
B. to help
C. helping
D. to helping
答：B。can后省去了do，all后省去了that，關系代詞在從句中做賓語時可以省略。
24. Who is the man teacher_______?
A. you spoke to
B. spoke to you
C. you spoke
D. whom you spoke
答：A。關系代詞做賓語時可以省去。此項中省去了whom。
25. China has a larger population than_____.
A. that of Japan
B. Japan
C. in Japan
D. population of Japan
答：B．在比較狀語從句中常省去和前邊相同的部分．B項相當于than Japan has。
