2024高考英語二輪閱讀理解八十集之連載訓(xùn)練（57）

　　介紹說明類

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a hand-written application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.

　　The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesn’t always get the attention it deserves. After all, before a word has ever been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self-confident. It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won’t only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it!Body language will determine first if it“clicks”, and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意識的)level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job.

　　1. What kind of people is the text mainly meant for?

　　A. Interviewers.B. Job-hunting people.

　　C. Employers. D. Lay-off workers.

　　2. We can learn from the first paragraph that______.　

　　A. hand-written letters are not used in finding a job

　　B. the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better

　　C. body language is more important than spoken words

　　D. Internet is of significance in applying for a job

　　3. Using body language well in a job interview will probably______.　

　　A. get rid of the interviewers’ prejudice

　　B. determine what position one will get

　　C. increase the possibility to get the wanted job

　　D. help one remove nervousness

　　4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. Those using body language are usually confident.

　　B. Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting.

　　C. Body language is a mirror to reflect one’s personality.

　　D. People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.

　　【參考答案】1—4、BDCC

　　閱讀理解, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world’s four oceans. Its name comes from the Latin meaning “peaceful sea”， and was given by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, whose voyage was plain there.

　　However, the Pacific is not always peaceful. Its islands are often hit by typhoons, and the countries surrounding it have many volcanoes and are often hit by earthquakes. Tsunamis

　　(海嘯 ), caused by underwater earthquakes, have destroyed many low－lying coastal towns.

　　The Ocean contains about 46% of Earth’s surface water, and makes up about 32% of its total surface area, more than all of the planet’s land areas.

　　The equator (赤道) divides it into the North Pacific and the South Pacific Oceans, the latter of which contains most of its largest 25,000 islands. The largest landmass entirely within the Pacific Ocean is the island of New Guinea, with Australia to its south；it has been the world’s second－largest island since separating from the Australian mainland.The lowest point on Earth, the Mariana Trench (海溝), lies 10,911 meters below the surface of the Pacific, but the Ocean’s average depth is 4,280 meters.

　　The water temperature of the Pacific varies from freezing at the poles to about 300C near the equator. Its salinity (鹽分) also varies from place to place. The water near the equator is less salty because of the rainfall there, but at the poles salinity is also low, because little evaporation (蒸發(fā)) takes place in the cold water of these areas.

　　The exploitation (開采) of the Pacific’s mineral wealth is difficult in its deeper parts. However, in the shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, oil and natural gas are exploited, and pearls are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan, Nicaragua and the Philippines.

　　The Pacific’s greatest wealth is its fish, but the fishing industry has been harmed greatly by marine pollution. The biggest harm comes from rivers that carry into the Ocean many chemicals used as fertilizers in agriculture, as well as waste. These days many countries are coming together to try to protect the Ocean.

　　1. Ferdinand Magellan gave the Ocean its name because he________.

　　A. expected to live a peaceful life

　　B．hoped there would be no more wars

　　C．came upon no serious storms while crossing it

　　D．expected to stay safe and healthy there

　　2. From the passage, what do we know about the Pacific Ocean?

　　A．It contains about 32% of the Earth’s surface water.

　　B．It has suffered many natural disasters.

　　C．Its deeper parts haven’t been exploited.

　　D．New Guinea is on the north of it.

　　3. Why is the water at the poles less salty?

　　A．Little of it turns into steam.

　　B．There is abundant rainfall there.

　　C．The ocean currents are slow there.

　　D．Melting snow adds water to the ocean.

　　4. We can infer from the passage that________.

　　A. countries near the Ocean benefit from being on it

　　B．pearls are a major source of income in Japan

　　C．most people prefer to live near the Ocean

　　D．a(chǎn)ll the countries along the Ocean are developed

　　[解題導(dǎo)語]　本文從幾個方面簡要介紹太平洋。

　　1.解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)whose voyage was plain there可知選C。plain sailing意為“一帆風(fēng)順”。

　　2.解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知選B；根據(jù)第二段可知A、D表述錯誤；文章倒數(shù)第二段提到太平洋的深層很難開采，但并沒有提到?jīng)]開采過，故C項表述錯誤。

　　3．解析：選A。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中because little evaporation takes place in the cold water of these areas可知A正確。因為那兒的海水幾乎沒有蒸發(fā)。B項是赤道附近鹽度低的原因。

　　4.解析：選A。推理判斷題。從倒數(shù)第二段可知那些太平洋的周邊國家從海洋的豐富資源中獲益不少，因此選A。

　　閱讀理解, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　For more than nine days，for more than 60 miles，thousands of Beijing-bound vehicles have come to an almost total stop on highways called the 6 and 110 that run from Inner Mongolia southeast to the nation's capital.Bai Xiaolong，a 30-year-old truck driver，says it took him five days to make the 350-mile journey from Inner Mongolia to Tianjin.He spent much of that time reading，text-messaging and sleeping rather than speeding up.“There was one day that I didn't move，not even an inch，”said Bai，an inhabitant of Jining in Inner Mongolia，a city at the western end of the traffic jam.

　　Chinese officials said that the congestion is mainly because of the maintenance(維護(hù))projects that began in mid-August and are scheduled to be completed in mid-September.Trucks carrying 8 tons or more of coal or fruit have been responsible for damaging the roadway，thus making the work necessary.

　　Drivers who often use the route know that heavy traffic has long been a fact of life.“The problem is really that there're too many cars and trucks and not enough lanes(車道)，”Bai said.“We drivers are used to this sort of thing happening.”

　　The two national freeways are heavily used by trucks carrying coal from the recently opened fields of Inner Mongolia to China's coastal cities.

　　The seemingly endless jam began on the 6 and spread to the 110，which runs parallel(平行的)，when officials sought to ease the traffic on the 6.

　　The Global Times，and English-language newspaper，said the jam had eased somewhat in the last two days，but inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads.

　　The congestion has created an economy of its own.Vendors(小販)sell boxed lunches，noodles and drinking water to the travelers，often at jacked-up prices.And because of the long-standing problems along the highways，dozens of small hotels have appeared，attracting drivers who need a stop to catch more serious sleep.

　　1．According to the text，the 110 was mainly damaged by________.

　　A．too many cars B．bad weather

　　C．poor maintenanceD．heavy trucks

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句及第六段可知，導(dǎo)致這條國道毀壞的主要原因是那些重型卡車，故選D項。2．What can we infer from the text?

　　A．Bai Xiaolong was born in Tianjin.

　　B．The problem of traffic jams in China will be solved soon.

　　C．Chinese officials think it is necessary to build more lanes.

　　D．The local people don't think the congestion has eased.

　　答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads可知，當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裾J(rèn)為交通堵塞只是轉(zhuǎn)移到了別的道路上，也就是說他們認(rèn)為當(dāng)?shù)氐慕煌〒矶虏]有得到緩解。

　　3．The underlined word“jacked-up”in the last paragraph probably means“________”．

　　A．high

　　B．right

　　C．special

　　D．low

　　答案：A　猜測詞義題。因為堵車所以司機(jī)被困在那里，他們需要吃的和喝的，而一些商販發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個商機(jī)，往往哄抬物價，司機(jī)們別無選擇，由此可猜測出該詞的意思為“很高的”。

　　4．What would be the best title of the passage?

　　A．The congestion creates an economy of its own

　　B．Traffic jam near Beijing stretches on for days

　　C．The traffic has improved in Beijing

　　D．Truck drivers in China live a hard life

　　答案：B　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文報道了一次嚴(yán)重的交通堵塞。60多英里的道路變成了停車場，足足堵了九天多的時間，B作為標(biāo)題最合適。

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答問卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in the first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

　　Like in America, there is diversity (多樣性)in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated (一流的)schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化)in some Japanese kindergartens.

　　1. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe______.　

　　A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

　　B. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

　　C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

　　D. Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

　　2. In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on______.　

　　A. preparing children academically

　　B. developing children’s artistic interests

　　C. developing children’s potential

　　D. shaping children’s character

　　3. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

　　A. They can do better in their future studies.

　　B. They can make more group experience grow there.

　　C. They can be self-centered when they grow up.

　　D. They can have better chances of getting a top-rated education.

　　4. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to______.　

　　A. broaden children’s knowledge

　　B. train children’s creativity

　　C. lighten children’s study load

　　D. enrich children’s experience

　　【參考答案】1—4、CDDC

　　2024高考英語二輪閱讀理解八十集之連載訓(xùn)練（57）

　　介紹說明類

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a hand-written application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.

　　The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesn’t always get the attention it deserves. After all, before a word has ever been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self-confident. It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won’t only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it!Body language will determine first if it“clicks”, and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意識的)level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job.

　　1. What kind of people is the text mainly meant for?

　　A. Interviewers.B. Job-hunting people.

　　C. Employers. D. Lay-off workers.

　　2. We can learn from the first paragraph that______.　

　　A. hand-written letters are not used in finding a job

　　B. the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better

　　C. body language is more important than spoken words

　　D. Internet is of significance in applying for a job

　　3. Using body language well in a job interview will probably______.　

　　A. get rid of the interviewers’ prejudice

　　B. determine what position one will get

　　C. increase the possibility to get the wanted job

　　D. help one remove nervousness

　　4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. Those using body language are usually confident.

　　B. Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting.

　　C. Body language is a mirror to reflect one’s personality.

　　D. People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.

　　【參考答案】1—4、BDCC

　　閱讀理解, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world’s four oceans. Its name comes from the Latin meaning “peaceful sea”， and was given by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, whose voyage was plain there.

　　However, the Pacific is not always peaceful. Its islands are often hit by typhoons, and the countries surrounding it have many volcanoes and are often hit by earthquakes. Tsunamis

　　(海嘯 ), caused by underwater earthquakes, have destroyed many low－lying coastal towns.

　　The Ocean contains about 46% of Earth’s surface water, and makes up about 32% of its total surface area, more than all of the planet’s land areas.

　　The equator (赤道) divides it into the North Pacific and the South Pacific Oceans, the latter of which contains most of its largest 25,000 islands. The largest landmass entirely within the Pacific Ocean is the island of New Guinea, with Australia to its south；it has been the world’s second－largest island since separating from the Australian mainland.The lowest point on Earth, the Mariana Trench (海溝), lies 10,911 meters below the surface of the Pacific, but the Ocean’s average depth is 4,280 meters.

　　The water temperature of the Pacific varies from freezing at the poles to about 300C near the equator. Its salinity (鹽分) also varies from place to place. The water near the equator is less salty because of the rainfall there, but at the poles salinity is also low, because little evaporation (蒸發(fā)) takes place in the cold water of these areas.

　　The exploitation (開采) of the Pacific’s mineral wealth is difficult in its deeper parts. However, in the shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, oil and natural gas are exploited, and pearls are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan, Nicaragua and the Philippines.

　　The Pacific’s greatest wealth is its fish, but the fishing industry has been harmed greatly by marine pollution. The biggest harm comes from rivers that carry into the Ocean many chemicals used as fertilizers in agriculture, as well as waste. These days many countries are coming together to try to protect the Ocean.

　　1. Ferdinand Magellan gave the Ocean its name because he________.

　　A. expected to live a peaceful life

　　B．hoped there would be no more wars

　　C．came upon no serious storms while crossing it

　　D．expected to stay safe and healthy there

　　2. From the passage, what do we know about the Pacific Ocean?

　　A．It contains about 32% of the Earth’s surface water.

　　B．It has suffered many natural disasters.

　　C．Its deeper parts haven’t been exploited.

　　D．New Guinea is on the north of it.

　　3. Why is the water at the poles less salty?

　　A．Little of it turns into steam.

　　B．There is abundant rainfall there.

　　C．The ocean currents are slow there.

　　D．Melting snow adds water to the ocean.

　　4. We can infer from the passage that________.

　　A. countries near the Ocean benefit from being on it

　　B．pearls are a major source of income in Japan

　　C．most people prefer to live near the Ocean

　　D．a(chǎn)ll the countries along the Ocean are developed

　　[解題導(dǎo)語]　本文從幾個方面簡要介紹太平洋。

　　1.解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)whose voyage was plain there可知選C。plain sailing意為“一帆風(fēng)順”。

　　2.解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知選B；根據(jù)第二段可知A、D表述錯誤；文章倒數(shù)第二段提到太平洋的深層很難開采，但并沒有提到?jīng)]開采過，故C項表述錯誤。

　　3．解析：選A。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中because little evaporation takes place in the cold water of these areas可知A正確。因為那兒的海水幾乎沒有蒸發(fā)。B項是赤道附近鹽度低的原因。

　　4.解析：選A。推理判斷題。從倒數(shù)第二段可知那些太平洋的周邊國家從海洋的豐富資源中獲益不少，因此選A。

　　閱讀理解, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　For more than nine days，for more than 60 miles，thousands of Beijing-bound vehicles have come to an almost total stop on highways called the 6 and 110 that run from Inner Mongolia southeast to the nation's capital.Bai Xiaolong，a 30-year-old truck driver，says it took him five days to make the 350-mile journey from Inner Mongolia to Tianjin.He spent much of that time reading，text-messaging and sleeping rather than speeding up.“There was one day that I didn't move，not even an inch，”said Bai，an inhabitant of Jining in Inner Mongolia，a city at the western end of the traffic jam.

　　Chinese officials said that the congestion is mainly because of the maintenance(維護(hù))projects that began in mid-August and are scheduled to be completed in mid-September.Trucks carrying 8 tons or more of coal or fruit have been responsible for damaging the roadway，thus making the work necessary.

　　Drivers who often use the route know that heavy traffic has long been a fact of life.“The problem is really that there're too many cars and trucks and not enough lanes(車道)，”Bai said.“We drivers are used to this sort of thing happening.”

　　The two national freeways are heavily used by trucks carrying coal from the recently opened fields of Inner Mongolia to China's coastal cities.

　　The seemingly endless jam began on the 6 and spread to the 110，which runs parallel(平行的)，when officials sought to ease the traffic on the 6.

　　The Global Times，and English-language newspaper，said the jam had eased somewhat in the last two days，but inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads.

　　The congestion has created an economy of its own.Vendors(小販)sell boxed lunches，noodles and drinking water to the travelers，often at jacked-up prices.And because of the long-standing problems along the highways，dozens of small hotels have appeared，attracting drivers who need a stop to catch more serious sleep.

　　1．According to the text，the 110 was mainly damaged by________.

　　A．too many cars B．bad weather

　　C．poor maintenanceD．heavy trucks

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句及第六段可知，導(dǎo)致這條國道毀壞的主要原因是那些重型卡車，故選D項。2．What can we infer from the text?

　　A．Bai Xiaolong was born in Tianjin.

　　B．The problem of traffic jams in China will be solved soon.

　　C．Chinese officials think it is necessary to build more lanes.

　　D．The local people don't think the congestion has eased.

　　答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的inhabitants of the region say the congestion simply spilled out onto other roads可知，當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裾J(rèn)為交通堵塞只是轉(zhuǎn)移到了別的道路上，也就是說他們認(rèn)為當(dāng)?shù)氐慕煌〒矶虏]有得到緩解。

　　3．The underlined word“jacked-up”in the last paragraph probably means“________”．

　　A．high

　　B．right

　　C．special

　　D．low

　　答案：A　猜測詞義題。因為堵車所以司機(jī)被困在那里，他們需要吃的和喝的，而一些商販發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個商機(jī)，往往哄抬物價，司機(jī)們別無選擇，由此可猜測出該詞的意思為“很高的”。

　　4．What would be the best title of the passage?

　　A．The congestion creates an economy of its own

　　B．Traffic jam near Beijing stretches on for days

　　C．The traffic has improved in Beijing

　　D．Truck drivers in China live a hard life

　　答案：B　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文報道了一次嚴(yán)重的交通堵塞。60多英里的道路變成了停車場，足足堵了九天多的時間，B作為標(biāo)題最合適。

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答問卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in the first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

　　Like in America, there is diversity (多樣性)in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated (一流的)schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化)in some Japanese kindergartens.

　　1. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe______.　

　　A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

　　B. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

　　C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

　　D. Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

　　2. In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on______.　

　　A. preparing children academically

　　B. developing children’s artistic interests

　　C. developing children’s potential

　　D. shaping children’s character

　　3. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

　　A. They can do better in their future studies.

　　B. They can make more group experience grow there.

　　C. They can be self-centered when they grow up.

　　D. They can have better chances of getting a top-rated education.

　　4. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to______.　

　　A. broaden children’s knowledge

　　B. train children’s creativity

　　C. lighten children’s study load

　　D. enrich children’s experience

　　【參考答案】1—4、CDDC