高考9——?jiǎng)?chuàng)造發(fā)明

　　（時(shí)間：分鐘）

　　維A 完形填空(每題1.5分，滿分30分)

　　高考曾用材料：2011陜西卷完形填空

　　選材相似度：★★★★

　　設(shè)題相似度：★★★

　　難度系數(shù)：★★★★

　　The town I live in is about to put cameras at all traffic lights to catch people who run red lights.It __1__ me of how many people I've seen who take the yellow light as a signal to go faster.I also can't __2__ why people don't move when the traffic light has turned green.Above all，there are those __3__ situations in which someone doesn't even __4__ that the light is red，and just keeps going；that is why so many accidents happen！All these situations make me __5__ about the purpose of traffic lights.

　　However，it's even more __6__ to imagine letting people make their own __7__ at crowded intersections (十字路口)．Do the biggest cars get to go first？Who decides who goes next？__8__ I guess I do like the idea of a system to __9__ traffic.And I'll do my best to __10__ the traffic rules：to go，to be __11__，and to stop when I'm supposed to.

　　It occurs to me that my __12__ have done much the same for me in __13__ of teaching me how to live.They have given me many __14__ lights：to get along well with others，to listen and talk to them，to help others，to live with __15__ and purpose.They have also given me some red lights so that my __16__ doesn't go astray (誤入歧途)：not to be greedy (貪婪的)，to keep my temper (脾氣)，to control my desires.And there also have been some yellow caution lights：to watch how much I drink，to keep control of my behavior，to __17__ school regularly and work hard.

　　If I obey these rules，my life will be as __18__ as it can be.Just as I'm wise to pay attention to the traffic lights when I'm walking __19__ the street，I'm wise to pay attention to the “l(fā)ife __20__” given to me by my parents.

　　【語篇解讀】本文為夾敘夾議類記敘文。作者生活的小鎮(zhèn)將要在各交通燈處安裝攝像頭以記錄那些闖紅燈的人。這件事引發(fā)了作者一系列的思考。有交通燈時(shí)，有人不懂規(guī)則，懂的人又不以為然，滿不在乎；但作者想到若沒有交通規(guī)則，就會(huì)更加危險(xiǎn)，所以作者的結(jié)論是：設(shè)立交通燈是必要的，行人應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則。由此作者還想到了生活，想到父母在他的生活中也給了他三種指示燈，指引他的人生。

　　1．A.informs

　　B．reminds

　　C．suggests

　　D．indicates

　　答案　B　[作者生活的小鎮(zhèn)將要在各交通燈處安裝攝像頭以記錄那些闖紅燈的人。這件事引發(fā)了作者一系列的思考。remind“使某人想起……”，常用于remind sb of/about sth。inform“通知”；suggest“建議”；indicate“指示，表明”。故選B。]

　　2．A.realize

　　B．understand

　　C．clarify

　　D．remember

　　答案　B　[作者想到，很多人在綠燈亮?xí)r卻還站著不動(dòng)，這些人是懂交通規(guī)則的，卻滿不在乎，作者覺得這些事不可理解。]

　　3．A.surprising

　　B．competitive

　　C．dangerous

　　D．exciting

　　答案　C　[作者認(rèn)為很危險(xiǎn)的是那些不注意紅燈的人，很多的交通事故也因此而發(fā)生。]

　　4．A.feel

　　B．stand

　　C．receive

　　D．notice

　　答案　D　[黃燈和綠燈的情況談完，作者談到紅燈。作者認(rèn)為更危險(xiǎn)的是沒有注意紅燈。]

　　5．A.dare

　　B．worry

　　C．complain

　　D．wonder

　　答案　D　[三種顏色的交通燈都談完，作者認(rèn)為交通燈對(duì)某些人來講沒有作用，所以作者總結(jié)說“這所有的情況都使我懷疑交通燈有什么意義”。wonder about“疑惑”。care about“關(guān)注，擔(dān)心，在乎”；worry about“擔(dān)心”；complain about“抱怨”。此處表示作者通過思考后的結(jié)論。故選D。]

　　6．A.frightening

　　B．relaxing

　　C．confusing

　　D．interesting

　　答案　A　[上段談到人們不遵守交通規(guī)則。此段作者設(shè)想沒有交通燈會(huì)更可怕，會(huì)讓行人無所適從，對(duì)比3空，我們就知道，此處應(yīng)該是更“令人感到害怕的是”，故選A。]

　　7．A.attempts

　　B．efforts

　　C．decisions

　　D．preparations

　　答案　C　[作者認(rèn)為讓人們?cè)趽頂D的十字路口自己決定如何行走是很可怕的。]

　　8．A.Since

　　B．But

　　C．So

　　D．As

　　答案　C　[“因此”作者認(rèn)為還是有必要設(shè)置交通燈來控制交通的。前后兩句是因果關(guān)系，因此選C。]

　　9．A.affect

　　B．control

　　C．serve

　　D．improve

　　答案　B　[該空前面的a system指的就是交通燈，其作用就是“控制”交通。]

　　10．A.obey

　　B．recognize

　　C．reflect

　　D．a(chǎn)nalyze

　　答案　A　[通過對(duì)比，作者覺得還是要有交通燈，也還是要“遵守”交通規(guī)則。]

　　11．A.sensitive

　　B．a(chǎn)nnoyed

　　C．cautious

　　D．concerned

　　答案　C　[前面有冒號(hào)，后面的內(nèi)容與冒號(hào)前面的內(nèi)容有很大的關(guān)系。交通信號(hào)就是：綠燈行，黃燈緩行，紅燈停。緩行也就是要小心“謹(jǐn)慎”，過交通燈處時(shí)每時(shí)每刻都要集中注意力。根據(jù)下文的“And there also have been some yellow caution lights”也可推知。故選C。]

　　12．A.teachers

　　B．relatives

　　C．parents

　　D．friends

　　答案　C　[從文章最后一句中的“...given to me by my parents.”可知此處講的是父母，故選C。]

　　13．A.case

　　B．honour

　　C．place

　　D．terms

　　答案　D　[in terms of 就……而言。in case of“假使，以防”；in honour of “紀(jì)念”；in place of “代替”。故選D。]

　　14．A.yellow

　　B．red

　　C．colorful

　　D．green

　　答案　D　[該段是作者的議論。作者認(rèn)為自己的父母給了他生活上的正確引導(dǎo)，就像是交通燈一樣，應(yīng)該有三種。大膽前行的是綠燈，應(yīng)該避免的是紅燈，應(yīng)該警惕的是黃燈。根據(jù)冒號(hào)后的“與人和睦相處，幫助他人”可知，這是應(yīng)該做的。故選D。]

　　15．A.adventure

　　B．joy

　　C．panic

　　D．chance

　　答案　B　[該題應(yīng)該同上一題連在一起看。都是正面的應(yīng)為“過上快樂的有意義的生活”。故選B。]

　　16．A.confidence

　　B．life

　　C．dream

　　D．belief

　　答案　B　[父母給自己規(guī)定了一些不該做的事情，以使自己的“人生”不會(huì)誤入歧途。]

　　17．A.attend

　　B．start

　　C．leave

　　D．join

　　答案　A　[attend school上學(xué)，固定搭配。故選A。]

　　18．A.good

　　B．convenient

　　C．special

　　D．simple

　　答案A[如果作者能遵守所有的信號(hào)指示，他的生活就會(huì)過得很好，故選A。]

　　19．A.through

　　B．a(chǎn)cross

　　C．beyond

　　D．a(chǎn)bove

　　答案　B　[過街，是從物體表面穿過，用across。故選B。]

　　20．A.purposes

　　B．features

　　C．qualities

　　D．signals

　　答案　D　[此處作者把生活中的各種情況比作三種交通信號(hào)燈，故選D。]

　　維B1 閱讀理解(每題2分，滿分分)

　　高考曾用材料：2024福建卷C篇

　　選材相似度：★★★★

　　設(shè)題相似度：★★★

　　難度系數(shù)：★★★★★

　　Early in the autumn of 1674，Henry Oldenburg，secretary of the Royal Society in London，received an extraordinary letter.Sent by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek，a draper from Delft in the Netherlands，it contained an unlikely-sounding claim.

　　Using a microscope of his own invention，van Leeuwenhoek had seen tiny creatures，invisible to the naked eye，living in lake water.Some of these “animalcules (微生物) ” were so small，he later estimated that 30 million of them would still be smaller than a grain of sand.

　　Royal Society fellows couldn't believe it.Even with his most powerful instruments，the celebrated English microscopist Robert Hooke had never observed anything like the little creatures.

　　In fact，the Dutchman had developed far superior lenses to Hooke's，and had discovered bacteria and protozoans (原生動(dòng)物)．By producing even smaller and more curved lenses—using a technique that he kept secret—van Leeuwenhoek was able to magnify objects up to 500 times.As well as discovering micro-organisms，he was the first to see red blood cells.

　　In 1677，van Leeuwenhoek

　　sent the Society further animalcule observations.Hooke eventually improved his own microscopes to the point where he，too，could see the tiny creatures.Three years later van Leeuwenhoek was made a fellow.

　　It was not until 1890，more than 160 years after van Leeuwenhoek's death，that bacteria were linked with diseases.“Reading van Leeuwenhoek's letters，you very much get the impression of somebody dazzled by what he was finding，”says Lesley Robertson，leader of the archives at Delft University's school of microbiology.“He thought he'd found a whole new world—but he certainly never picked up on the connection with illness.”

　　Notes：

　　draper n．布料商　②curved adj.彎曲的　③archive n．檔案室

　　長(zhǎng)短句分析：It was not until 1890，more than 160 years after van Leeuwenhoek's death，that bacteria were linked with diseases.

　　句法點(diǎn)睛：這是it was...that強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，more than 160 years after van Leeuwenhoek's death是1890的同位語。

　　句意：直到1890年，凡·列文虎克死后的160余年，細(xì)菌才被和疾病聯(lián)系到一起。

　　【語篇解讀】 本文是記敘文。全文講述了布料商出身的Antoni van Leeuwenhoek發(fā)明了自己的顯微鏡。他的發(fā)明使得發(fā)現(xiàn)更小、更清晰的事物成為可能，這為把細(xì)菌與疾病聯(lián)系起來奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

　　1．What did Antoni van Leeuwenhoek see with his own microscope?

　　A．A letter.

　　B．Bacteria and protozoans.

　　C．Small animals in the water.

　　D．The element of water.

　　答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。聯(lián)系下文“In fact，the Dutchman had developed far superior lenses to Hooke's，and had discovered bacteria and protozoans”可知，荷蘭人已經(jīng)通過改良的鏡片發(fā)現(xiàn)了細(xì)菌和原生動(dòng)物，Antoni van Leeuwenhoek通過自己的顯微鏡看到的tiny creatures就是細(xì)菌和原生動(dòng)物。]

　　2．From the passage we can see ________.

　　A．van Leeuwenhoek knew the tiny creatures in the water had something to do with nature

　　B．van Leeuwenhoek was the first to discover bacteria

　　C．van Leeuwenhoek was the first to use the microscope

　　D．van Leeuwenhoek was the first one to know how to observe bacteria and protozoans

　　答案　C　[推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，盡管荷蘭人也看到細(xì)菌和原生動(dòng)物，但是他們使用的是改進(jìn)后的鏡片，而不是顯微鏡，因此C正確。A有一定的干擾性，聯(lián)系文章最后一句可知，他并沒有把觀察到的細(xì)菌和原生物聯(lián)系到一起。]

　　3．What does the underlined word “magnify” in the fourth paragraph mean?

　　A．To clear away.

　　B．To improve.

　　C．To collect.

　　D．To make large.

　　答案　D　[詞義猜測(cè)題。聯(lián)系全文他發(fā)明顯微鏡以及空后的“up to 500 times”可知，他的顯微鏡能把物體放大500倍，因此得出答案。]

　　4．From the last paragraph we can see，when Antoni van Leeuwenhoek saw the tiny creatures，invisible to the naked eye，living in lake water，________.

　　A．he was overexcited

　　B．he knew he followed someone else's discovery

　　C．he was a bit disappointed

　　D．his discovery was to lead a connection between bacteria and illnesses

　　答案　A　[推理判斷題。聯(lián)系最后一段的“Reading van Leeuwenhoek's letters，you very much get the impression of somebody dazzled by what he was finding，”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)他對(duì)自己的發(fā)明是極度興奮的。]

　　維B2 閱讀理解(每題2分，滿分分)

　　高考曾用材料：2011江蘇卷C篇

　　選材相似度：★★★★

　　設(shè)題相似度：★★★

　　難度系

　　Robots at the World Expo 2010 Shanghai play football，practise tai chi，play the violin，prepare Chinese dishes and care for the elderly.Robots created by a Chinese farmer can pour tea and paint pictures.

　　Global designers of robots are making them more capable，powerful and affordable，so they will play more roles in more sectors，from manufacturing to health care，and they can help around the house.

　　Now Toyota，the world's biggest car maker，and Canon，the

　　biggest

　　camera

　　maker，have

　　joined

　　research

　　and development to make robots a practical reality，like a PC.

　　The Expo Shanghai is a place where China can learn about advanced robotics，and a stage for made-in-China robots.

　　Developers are taking robots from Star Wars and top laboratories and putting them into the industrial sector，even in consumer markets.They are used in health care，computer programming，manufacturing and culture.

　　The goals are to add more practical functions and to cut price，and lower cost comes with higher volume.

　　“The World Expo is a unique opportunity to demonstrate French technology，” says Bruno Maisonnier，chief executive of Aldebaran Robotics，which shows Nao robots in the France Pavilion.

　　More than 700 Nao robots，which cost 1,000 to 12,000 euros (US $14,640 ) each，are sold mainly to research organizations，including 60 to 70 in China.

　　The French-based company aims to promote robots in the general

　　public

　　market

　　starting

　　from

　　late

　　2011，with entertainment or learning functions at a “reasonable price，” according to Maisonnier.

　　Visitors to the Japan Pavilion are struck by Toyota's dextrous Partner

　　Robot

　　playing

　　the

　　Chinese

　　folk

　　song “Jasmine Flower” on the violin.Other robots play other instruments，but the violin is the most complicated.

　　Many people were so enchanted by the robotic musician that they overlooked other Partner Robots，designed to be personal assistants especially for Japan's aging population.One can even carry passengers.

　　Note：

　　enchanted adj.著迷的；著魔的

　　【語篇解讀】 本篇是時(shí)文閱讀。2010上海世博會(huì)展出了世界各地的機(jī)器人，這些機(jī)器人可以踢球、打太極、彈鋼琴、做中國(guó)菜和照料老人。本次展出的機(jī)器人更加實(shí)用，價(jià)格上也逐漸靠近人們能承受的水平。

　　1．Robots at the World Expo 2010 Shanghai are designed ________.