2024屆高考英語一輪復習 語篇微寫作強化系列Test13精選導學案 北師大版
2024屆高考英語一輪復習 語篇微寫作強化系列Test13精選導學案 北師大版
?、?完形填空
Romance does not have to fizzle out(失敗) in long-term relationships and progress into a companionship/friendship-type love，a new study has found.Romantic love can last a lifetime and lead to happier，healthier __1__.
“Many believe that __2__ love is the same as passionate(多情的) love，” said lead researcher Bianca P．Acevedo，PhD，then at Stony Brook University (currently at University of California，Santa Barbara)．“It isn’t.Romantic love has the intensity，engagement and sexual chemistry that passionate love has，minus the obsessive component(過度成分)．Passionate or obsessive love includes __3__ of uncertainty and anxiety.This kind of love __4__ drive the shorter relationships but not the longer ones.”
These findings __5__ in the March issue of Review of General Psychology，published by the American Psychological Association.
Acevedo and co-researcher Arthur Aron，PhD，reviewed 25 studies with 6,070 individuals in short- and long-term relationships to__6___whether romantic love is associated with more satisfaction.To determine this，they__7__the relationships in each of the studies as romantic，passionate (romantic with obsession) or friendship-like love and categorized them as long- or short-term.
The researchers looked at 17 short-term relationship studies，which included 18- to 23-year-old college students who were__8__，dating or married，with the average relationship lasting less than four years.They also __9__at 10 long-term relationship studies including middle-aged couples who were typically married 10 years or more.Two of the __10__included both long- and short-term relationships in which it was possible to distinguish the two samples.
The review found that those who reported greater romantic love were more__11__in both the short- and long-term relationships.Companion-like love was only moderately __12__ with satisfaction in both short- and long-term relationships.And those who reported greater passionate love in their relationships were more satisfied in the short term __13__ to the long term.
Couples who reported more satisfaction in their relationships also __14__being happier and having higher self-esteem.
Feeling that a partner is “there for you” __15__for a good relationship，Acevedo said，and facilitates(促進) feelings of romantic love.On the other hand，“feelings of insecurity are generally associated with __16__ satisfaction，and in some __17__may spark conflict in the relationship.This can manifest(表白) into obsessive love，” she said.
This discovery may change people’s __18__ of what they want in long-term relationships.According to the authors，companionship love，which is what many couples see as the natural __19__of a successful relationship，may be an unnecessary compromise(妥協)．“Couples should strive for love with all the trimmings(修剪)，” Acevedo said.“And couples who’ve been together a long time and wish to get back their romantic edge should know it is an attainable(可達到的) goal that，like most good things in life，__20__ energy and devotion.”
1．A.scholarships
B．friendships
C．relationships
D．companionships
答案 C
解析 浪漫愛情可以持續一生，并且通往更幸福、更健康的關系(relationship)。
2．A.obsessive
B．romantic
C．passionate
D．companion
答案 B
解析 很多人以為浪漫(romantic)之愛和激情之愛是一回事，全文說的主體就是浪漫愛情。
3．A.feelings
B．factors
C．consequences
D．barriers
答案 A
解析 激情的或者強迫性的愛情包含了不確定和焦慮的感覺(feelings)。
4．A.contributes
B．helps
C．prevents
D．speeds
答案 B
解析 這種愛情有助于(helps)驅動的是短期關系而不是長期關系。
5．A.occur
B．take
C．write
D．appear
答案 D
解析 這些研究結果刊登(也就是出現appear)在美國心理學會出版的《普通心理學評論》三月號上。
6．A.find out
B．work out
C．take out
D．bring out
答案 A
解析 以檢驗(find out)浪漫愛情是否與更高的滿意度相聯系。
7．A.separated
B．classified
C．divided
D．cut
答案 B
解析 為了證實這一點，他們把每項研究中的愛情關系歸類(classified)為浪漫的、激情的(浪漫加上強迫成分)和友誼式的，再分為長期和短期關系兩類。
8．A.alone
B．lonely
C．single
D．unique
答案 C
解析 其研究對象包括18～23歲的單身(single)、戀愛中或已婚的大學生。
9．A.glanced
B．glared
C．stared
D．looked
答案 D
解析 他們還看了(looked)10個對于長期關系的研究，其對象包括結婚10年或更久的中年夫婦。匆匆一看(glanced)，瞪眼(glared)，目不轉睛地看(stared)，這三個詞都與at搭配，但是表示的意思都帶有感情色彩，也不符合語意。
10．A.findings
B．examinations
C．experiments
D．studies
答案 D
解析 其中兩個研究(studies)同時包括了短期和長期關系，這兩組樣本是區分開來的。
11．A.unpleased
B．disappointed
C．satisfied
D．desperate
答案 C
解析 那些報告出更多浪漫成分的人都對自己的愛情關系更滿意(satisfied)，而不是不高興(unpleased)，失望(disappointed)和絕望(desperate)。
12．A.referred
B．associated
C．contended
D．conflicted
答案 B
解析 在短期和長期關系中，伙伴式的愛情都只有中等程度的和滿意度相關(associated)。
13．A.compared
B．comparing
C．added
D．led
答案 A
解析 而那些報告出較多激情成分的人在短期關系中比(比較和比較的對象之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞compared)在長期關系中滿意度更高。
14．A.reported
B．said
C．believed
D．hoped
答案 A
解析 對愛情關系滿意度較高的夫婦或戀人同時也報告(reported)出較強的幸福感和較高的自尊。
15．A.takes
B．makes
C．means
D．depends
答案 B
解析 感覺伴侶“與你同在”有助于(make for)建立良好的愛情關系。
16．A.higher
B．lower
C．no
D．much
答案 B
解析 不安全感通常伴隨著較低的(lower)滿意度。
17．A.environments
B．states
C．air
D．cases
答案 D
解析 有時(就是有些情況下 in some cases)還會導致愛情中的沖突。
18．A.views
B．expectations
C．remarks
D．statements
答案 B
解析 這個發現或許會改變人們對長期關系的一般預期(expectations)。觀點(views)看上去對，但是這兒不強調人們對愛情的認識，而是能在多大程度上讓自己滿意，這就是期望或預期，更不是評論(remarks)和陳述(statements)。
19．A.progression
B．change
C．results
D．choice
答案 A
解析 研究者稱，雖然伙伴式的愛情在很多夫婦看來是成功愛情關系的自然發展(progression)階段，但它實際上可能是一種不必要的妥協。
20．A.produces
B．satisfies
C．requires
D．consumes
答案 C
解析 它需要(requires)投入精力才能達成。
?、?閱讀理解
The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated to have been about five million.Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language，mainly in the United States，Canada，Great Britain，Ireland，South Africa，Australia and New Zealand.In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas，there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact，it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages.The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language.Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers，English is a language in which some of important works in science，technology，and other fields are being produced，and not always by native speakers.It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications，international conferences，and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries，especially former British colonies.Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government，commerce，industry，law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
1．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Difficulties of Learning English
B．International Communications
C．The Standard Varieties of English
D．English as a World Language
答案 D
解析 標題歸納題。根據第三段第一句及全文的內容：英語在各個國家的各個領域的應用，可推知此題的答案為 D項。
2．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.
B．There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.
C．It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.
D．People learn English for a variety of reasons.
答案 A
解析 細節理解題。根據文章第一段的第二句及第二段的第一句的描述可推知此題的答案為A項。
3．According to the passage，what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?
A．It was popular during Shakespeare’s time.
B．It is used in former British colonies.
C．It serves the needs of its native speakers.
D．It is a world language that is used for international communication.
答案 D
解析 推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段的描述，英語在世界不同領域、不同的地區使用，可推知此題的答案為D項。
4．What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?
A．The ability to read a newspaper.
B．It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation.
C．Being a multilingual.
D．Being a native speaker.
答案 B
解析 細節理解題。根據文章第二段最后一句可推知此題答案為B項。
5．What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?
A．Those geographically close to the United States.
B．Those interested in the culture of the United States.
C．Former colonies of Great Britain.
D．Countries where international conferences are held.
答案 C
解析 細節理解題。根據文章最后一段倒數第二句可推知此題答案為C項。
?、?微寫作
寫作素材
1．讀書是我最大的愛好。
2．我從中受益匪淺，因為書是知識之源。
3．我最感興趣的書是文學書。
4．文學書不僅可以提高寫作技能、拓展視野，而且還能豐富人生，帶來巨大的樂趣。
(素材來源于2024·江西·書面表達)
提示：盡量使用高級表達：介詞＋which的非限制性定語從句；what引導的主語從句；原因狀語從句以及not only...but also...等。
連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)
Reading is my favorite hobby，from which I benefit a lot，because books are the source of knowledge.What interests me most is literary books，because they can not only improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons，but also enrich my life and bring me great fun.
1．distinguish
v．區別 distinguished adj.杰出的 distinguish...from...區別……和…… distinguish yourself表現突出
2．estimate v．估計；估算 estimate...at...估價為……
It is estimated that...據估計……
3．strive for努力獲得…… strive to do...努力做……
4．be associated with和……有關系 associate with與……在一起 in association with在……幫助下；與……共存
5．And couples who’ve been together a long time and wish to get back their romantic edge should know it is an attainable goal that，like most good things in life，requires energy and devotion.
該句的主干是Couples should know it is an attainable goal.。couples后who’ve been together a long time and wish to get back their romantic edge為定語從句，it is an attainable goal...為省去連詞that的賓語從句，在該從句中，that requires energy and devotion為定語從句，修飾goal。
如何做議論型的完形填空題？
議論文是高考完形填空中較難的一種文體，一般由三個要素組成：論點、論據、結論。要做好議論文類的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的論點。不同的議論文論點的提出方式往往不同，大體有以下三種情況：(1)開門見山地提出論點。有些議論文在文章的一開始就提出論點。然后再通過具體的論據去說明論點，論據有時候既有正面的論據，也有反面的論據，最后總結全文。本節完形填空中的第一段就提出了本文的論點，即：Romance does not have to fizzle out(失敗) in long-term relationships and progress into a companionship/friendship-type love.(浪漫愛情可以持續一生，并且通往更幸福、更健康的關系。)以下通過列舉事例來論證這一問題。(2)導入式提出論點。有些議論文會先通過敘述生活中的一件具體的事情或描述生活中的現象，然后根據事情或現象所反映的問題提出自己的論點，再用具體的論據去說明自己的論點。(3)最后提出論點。有些議論文一開始作者僅僅是列舉生活中的現象，不表明自己的觀點，而是通過對具體現象的分析，自然得出一種結論，這種結論往往就是作者的論點。對于純議論形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情況下，抓好每段的首句。抓住了每段的主旨句也就是把握了文章的脈絡，理解文意就容易多了。
