福建省2024高考英語（新人教版）一輪復習作業(yè)手冊（12）附詳細解析

　　課時作業(yè)(十二)　[必修3　Unit 2 Healthy eating](限時：35分鐘)1．(山東省實驗中學診斷)—Is Tony the student awarded at the graduation ceremony in your class?

　　—There is __________ Tony，but I’m afraid he isn’t __________ one you mentioned.

　　A．the；theB．a(chǎn)；a

　　C．/；the

　　D．a(chǎn)；the

　　解析：選D。考查冠詞用法。答句句意：有一個名叫Tony的人，但恐怕不是你提到的那個人。第一空是泛指，第二空是特指，故選D。

　　2．(2024·山東省實驗中學模擬)Quancheng Square is one of __________ largest in China，__________ second to Tian’anmen Square.

　　A．the；the

　　B．the；a

　　C．/；the

　　D．the；/

　　解析：選D。考查冠詞。在形容詞的最高級前面加the，表示特指；如果序數(shù)詞后沒有直接跟名詞，則不需要加the。結(jié)合題意可知，應選D。

　　3．(2024·濰坊1月份訓練)Call __________ steward over the next time you see him.I’m having __________ hard time with my seat belt.

　　A．/；the

　　B．the；a

　　C．a(chǎn)；/

　　D．/；a

　　解析：選B。考查冠詞用法。第一空表示特指；time前有形容詞修飾時用不定冠詞a，have a hard time意為“度過困難時期”。故選B項。

　　4．(2024·青島第二次統(tǒng)一檢測)The incident turned him into __________ different person，even if he did not realize it at __________ beginning.

　　A．a(chǎn)；a

　　B．the；the

　　C．the；a

　　D．a(chǎn)；the

　　解析：選D。考查冠詞用法。句意：這件事把他變成了一個不同的人，即使起初他并沒有意識到這一點。第一空表示泛指，故用不定冠詞a；at the beginning意為“從一開始”，是固定短語，所以第二空用定冠詞the。故選D項。5．(2024·淄博模擬)It’s __________ second time in five days that he has asked me for __________ higher pay.

　　A．/；a

　　B．a(chǎn)；the

　　C．the；a

　　D．the；the

　　解析：選C。考查冠詞用法。由語境知，這是五天里他第二次向“我”要求加薪，第一個空the用于序數(shù)詞之前，表“第二次”；第二個空表泛指。故C項正確。

　　6．(2024·臨沂質(zhì)量檢測)If I were in __________ position of the mayor，I wouldn’t allow __________ factory like this standing on the bank of the Yangtze River.

　　A．the；a

　　B．the；/

　　C．a(chǎn)；the

　　D．/；the

　　解析：選A。考查冠詞。in the position of...為固定搭配，意為“處在……的位置”；第二空表示“允許一個像這樣的工廠”，故用不定冠詞a。即A項正確。

　　7．(2024·德州模擬)—Have you seen __________ umbrella I left here?

　　—No，but I will keep __________ eye out for it if possible.

　　A．the；an

　　B．a(chǎn)n；the

　　C．the；the

　　D．a(chǎn)n；/

　　解析：選A。考查冠詞用法。第一空“I left here”作先行詞umbrella的定語從句，表特指，故用the；keep an eye out for意為“留意，當心”。故A項正確。

　　8．(2024·聊城模擬)Having lived in China for 8 years，Helen has a good __________ of both English and Chinese.

　　A．program

　　B．guidance

　　C．command

　　D．a(chǎn)bility

　　解析：選C。考查名詞詞義辨析。program意為“計劃；程序；節(jié)目”；guidance意為“指導”；command意為“命令；掌握”；ability意為“能力”。句意：Helen在中國生活了8年，因此他精通英語和中文。have a good command...意為“精通……”，符合題意。

　　9．(2024·合肥市第二次質(zhì)量檢測)Being able to speak another language fluently could be a great________ when you are looking for a job.

　　A．a(chǎn)dvantage

　　B．chance

　　C．a(chǎn)ssistance

　　D．importance

　　解析：選A。考查名詞辨析。從句意“能夠流利地講一門外語在找工作時是一種優(yōu)勢。”可知選A項advantage“優(yōu)勢”。B項表示“機會”；C項表示“幫助，援助”；D項表示“重要性”，都與語意不符。

　　10．(2024·青島第二次統(tǒng)一檢測)We should bear in mind that social development and balance of nature should go in __________.

　　A．company

　　B．sympathy

　　C．a(chǎn)ssociation

　　D．harmony

　　解析：選D。考查介詞in搭配的短語辨析。句意：我們要牢記社會發(fā)展和自然平衡保持一致。in harmony意為“和諧一致”，符合語境。in company意為“一同；一起”；in sympathy意為“同情；贊成”；in association意為“聯(lián)合；有關(guān)聯(lián)”。故選D項。

　　Ⅰ.單項填空________ the knowledge.

　　A．introduce

　　B．receive

　　C．digest

　　D．a(chǎn)ccept

　　2．Jennifer，who is my best friend，said she would go abroad to further her education ________[2024·四川卷] Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________．cessful, but they may also ________ our thinking.

　　A．direct

　　B．limit

　　C．change

　　D．improve

　　5．I have a really bad headache，and I have to ________consult

　　B．remind

　　C．inform

　　D．a(chǎn)dviseI know I ________．

　　A．ought to have

　　B．have to

　　C．should

　　D．must have

　　7．If he can ________ his ability with hard work，he should be very successful.y your meal very much.

　　—Not really, I am just ________．

　　A．on a diet

　　B．on diets

　　C．on purpose

　　D．on business

　　9．It's unfair that he________cheating because he's a famous author.

　　A．makes use of

　　B．gets away withthousands of people ________possessions in safe places they could not take with them.

　　A．threw away

　　B．put away________their carbon emission to reduce greenhouse effect.

　　A．cut off

　　B．cut up

　　C．cut out

　　D．cut down

　　12．As we all know，Mike has an excellent understanding of his own ________energy

　　13．—Are you satisfied with what she has done?

　　—Not a little. It can't be ________．

　　A．a(chǎn)ny worse

　　B．a(chǎn)ny better

　　C．so well

　　D．so bad

　　14．I have a lot ________ in the coming weekend, so I can't spare any time to have a rest.

　　A．completing

　　B．to complete

　　C．completed

　　D．being completed

　　15．More and more Chinese people have realized that they should go on ________ balanced diet and do ________ exercise every day.

　　A．a(chǎn); /

　　B．the; anthe

　　D．/; an閱 with too much information that has little to do with their work, according to a new survey.

　　On average, white-collar workers spend 51 percent of their work time receiving and processing information. Only one third of it was relevant to their work, the survey found. Information overload for white-collar workers has become a global issue. The huge amount of information has already affected their efficiency in management as well as their performance at work.

　　Buried with e璵ails

　　Every morning, na secretary at the human resources department of an auto parts company opens her e-mail box, only to find it crammed with at least 50 unread mails.For her, even scanning through these e璵ails every day takes at least half an hour. Some of her colleagues are niot so lucky—they have to read at least 100.

　　Bothered with calls

　　Telephone calls are also causing a problem. More than 40 percent white-collar workers choose mobile phones as the preferred way to communicate important and urgent business matters. Talking saves time and energy over the clicking, reading and replying to e-mails, but phone calls are also more distracting(分心的). While answering a call, a clerk is likely to put away a much more important task at hand and start the business being talked about on the phone. Not yet

　　Many companies start with providing staff with better computers, better Internet access and more advanced gadgets(小裝置). For example, staff members above a certain level in one company will be provided with a blackberry phone for easier access to their e-mails. The company has also organized many lectures on efficient ways of e-mail management. Yet most white-collar workers think their companies can do more.

　　16．What does the new survey find about white-collar workers?

　　A．They spend 51 percent of their work time on meetings.

　　B．Only half of the information they receive is useful.

　　C．Over 60 percent of them prefer to use the telephone.

　　D．Some of them have to read at least 100 e-mails every day.

　　17．Telephone calls cause a problem because ________．

　　A．they take up the time to receive and send e-mails

　　B．they are often not answered

　　C．they are mostly not about business

　　D．they may lead to change of work schedule

　　18．How do some companies try to solve the problem of information overload?

　　A．They start to give staff a pay rise.

　　B．They plan to employ more people.

　　C．They provide employees with more advanced equipment.

　　D．They organize lectures on how to reduce stress.

　　19．What is the major issue discussed in this text?

　　A．Poor management leads to inefficiency at work.

　　B．Junk mail is causing big trouble.

　　C．White-collar workers suffer from information overload.

　　D．Better computers are in need in workplaces.

　　B

　　Scientists who try to predict earthquakes have gotten some new helpers recently—animals.

　　That's right, animals. Scientists have begun to understand what farmers have known for thousands of years. Animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming, and they show their fear by acting in strange ways. Before a Chinese quake in 1975, snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freeze to death in the cold air. Cows broke their halters(韁繩) and tried to escape.Chickens refused to enter their cage. All of this unusual behavior, as well as physical changes in the earth, warned Chinese scientists of the coming quake. They moved people away from the danger zone and saved thousands of lives.

　　One task for scientists today is to learn exactly which types of animal behavior predict quakes. It's not an easy job. First of all, not every animal reacts to the danger of an earthquake. Just before a California quake in 1977, for example, an Arabian horse became very nervous and tried to break out of his enclosure. The Australian horse next to him, however, remained perfectly calm. It's also difficult at times to tell the difference between normal animal restlessness and “earthquake nerves”．A zoo keeper once called earthquake researchers, saying that his cougar had been acting strangely. It turned out that the cat had an upset stomach.

　　A second task for scientists is to find out exactly what kind of warnings the animals receive. They know that animals sense far more of the world than humans do. Many animals can see, hear, and smell things that people do not even notice. Some can sense tiny changes in air pressure, gravity, or the magnetism of the earth. This extra sense probably helps animals predict quakes.

　　A good example of this occurred with a group of dogs. They were shut in an area that was being shaken by a series of tiny earthquakes.(Several small quakes often come before or after a large one.) Before each quake a low booming sound was heard. Each boom caused the dogs to bark wildly. Then the dogs began to bark during a silent period. A scientist who was recording quakes looked at his machine. It was acting as though there were a loud noise too. The scientist realized that the dogs had reacted to a booming noise. They also sensed the tiny quakes that followed it. The machine recorded both, though humans felt and heard nothing.

　　In this case there was a machine to monitor what the dogs were sensing. Many times, however, our machines record nothing extraordinary, even though animals know a quake is coming. The animals might be sensing something we measure but do not recognize as a warning.Discovering what animals sense, and learning how they know it is a danger signal, is a job for future scientists.

　　20．Through the passage the writer hopes to explore ________．

　　A．why animals send a danger signal before an earthquake

　　B．how animals know when an earthquake is coming

　　C．why animals not humans have a good sense of danger

　　D．how much animals know about an earthquake

　　21．During an earthquake in China in 1975 ________．

　　A．chickens refused to go out of their cage

　　B．snakes were frozen to death in their caves

　　C．snakes awoke from their winter sleep earlier

　　D．cows broke their halters and escaped from their sheds

　　22．Which of the following is one of earthquake nerves according to the passage?

　　A．An Arabian horse tried to escape from his enclosure.

　　B．A cougar had an upset stomach unexpectedly.

　　C．An Australian horse was perfectly calm.

　　D．A cat acted very strangely in a zoo.

　　23．The scientists did an experiment with a group of dogs to ________．nimals send

　　Ⅲ.短文填詞，you asked me something about how to keep healthy. Here are my tips. First 24.________ all, try to keep a 25.________ (平衡) diet. Every day, you'd better eat different kinds of food, ________ as fish, meat and beans, 27.e________ fresh vegetables and fruits. Also, do remember not to eat too much 28.________ (糖) for your age. Secondly, ________ regular exercise is necessary for you. You can do sports which 30.________ (適合) yourself, like running and swimming. Thirdly, be sure that you have ________ of sleep. Never stay up late. 32.F________， always be optimistic about anything unlucky ________ comes your way so you can stay in a good mood for the challenges in life.

　　Best wishes!

　　Yours，ua

　　參考答案

　　課時作業(yè)(十二)　考查動詞辨析。句意：一個好老師應該digest消化；introduce介紹；receive收到；accept接受。　考查短語辨析。before long意為“不久以后，很快”，通常用于將來時態(tài)的句子中作時間狀語。long before意為“很久以前”或“在……之前很長時間”，long是副詞，而before既可作介詞(后接名詞或代詞)、連詞(后接句子)也可作副詞(不接句子成分)，通常用于一般過去時的句子中。shortly after意為“……之后不久”。very fast　考查非謂語動詞。此題中使役動詞get后接的賓語car與作賓語補足語的動詞wash之間為被動關(guān)系，構(gòu)成短語：get sth done。故答案選A。句意：在驅(qū)車進城之前，你必須將你的車洗了。　考查動詞辨析。句意：如果我們想要獲得成功，知識和學習很重要。但是它們或許會限制我們的思維。direct指示， 指引，導演(戲劇或電影)；指揮(管弦樂隊)；limit限制；change改變；improve改進，改善。根據(jù)句中but的轉(zhuǎn)折，選B。　句意：我頭痛得很厲害，我必須找個醫(yī)生咨詢一下。consult咨詢，請教，商量。　考查省略用法。在含有ought to句子的簡略回答中， 表示過去動作的have不能省略。　考查動詞辨析。句意：如果他能把自己的才能和勤奮結(jié)合起來，必定會很成功。combine…with…把……和……結(jié)合起　考查固定搭配。on a diet 節(jié)食。　考查動詞短語辨析。get away with 逃脫懲罰。make use of 利用；get rid of 除掉；end up with 以……而告終。　考查動詞短語辨析。throw away 扔掉； put away 收起來； give away 泄露(秘密)，捐獻； carry away 拿走。　考查動詞短語辨析。cut down 削減。 cut up 切碎； cut off 切斷；cut out 切除。A　句意：眾所周知，邁克相當清楚他自己的優(yōu)缺點。strength強項，長處，與weakness相對應。value價值；technique技術(shù)；energy精力，能量。　考查形容詞辨析。句意：——你對她所做的事情感到滿意嗎？——非常滿意，她做得再好不過了。 not a little 非常，所以下文應是“她做得再好不過了”。 better 與 not 連用表示最高級含義。　have sth to do 有某事要做； have sth done 讓別人做某事。句意：即將到來的周末我有很多事要完成，因此我抽不出時間休息。故選B。　句意：越來越多的中國人已經(jīng)意識到他們應該均衡飲食，每天鍛煉身體。diet是可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指要用不定冠詞a，go on a diet表示“節(jié)食”。do exercise鍛煉身體，exercise前不用冠詞。白領(lǐng)是令人羨慕的一族，可是他們也有苦惱，與工作無關(guān)的海量信息讓他們苦不堪言。　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Buried with e-mails中的最后一句可知一些白領(lǐng)每天要閱讀至少100封電子郵件。　推理判斷題。Bothered with calls中的最后一句提到員工可能要放下更加重要的工作來處理電話事務，由此可推斷打電　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段前半部分中的內(nèi)容可知一些公司解決問題的辦法是為員工提供更加先進的設(shè)備。　主旨大意題。本文是一篇調(diào)查報道，結(jié)合全文尤其是文章第一段的內(nèi)容可知本文的主要內(nèi)容是白領(lǐng)深受信息泛濫之苦。利用動物進行地震前的預測不失為一種好方法，種種事實表明，動物在地震之前往往先知先覺，他們的異常表現(xiàn)也許就是地震的征兆。　作者意圖題。文章開門見山地指出科學家們找到了預測地震的幫手——動物，下文則詳細分析了動物在地震前的異常反應，再結(jié)合最后一段中的內(nèi)容可知作者希望探尋動物如何知道地震將要發(fā)生。　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的內(nèi)容可知在1975年發(fā)生在中國的一次地震中，蛇提前從冬眠中蘇醒，結(jié)果被凍死。　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“…an Arabian horse became very nervous and tried to break out of his enclosure.”可判斷A項正確。　推理判斷題。第四段中提到動物的感覺比人類更敏銳，下文則用狗的實驗進行例證，由此可推斷C項正確。　25.balanced　26.such　27.especially　28.sugar　30.suit　31.plenty　32.Finally　33.that