重慶市2024高考英語閱讀理解一輪（精品）訓(xùn)練題（18）附答案

　　A famous doctor once received a little child who was badly ill. Thanks to his skill and care, his young patient got well and was soon able to get up and run about again.

　　The child’s mother was very much obliged to the doctor, and she called on him to thank him for what he had done for her child. “Doctor,” she said, “you have saved my little son. I don’t know how to thank you enough. I feel that money alone cannot repay you, so I have made this little purse with my own hands, as a sign of my gratitude. I hope you will accept it.” The doctor stood up and said coldly, “Madam, a little present like that is very nice between friends, but a doctor needs to be paid properly for what he has done.” The lady was so surprised and hurt so much that she could not reply for a moment. Then she said quietly, “Perhaps you will tell me how much your fee is?” “Fifty pounds”, he answered. The lady opened the little purse and took out four fifty-pound bank notes. She handed one of them to the doctor, and put the other three back into the purse. She put the purse into her handbag and, saying good bye to the doctor, went out of the room. 61. The doctor refused the lady’s purse because he thought ______. A. the purse should be given between friends

　　B. the purse was too small C. the lady was not kind to him

　　D. the lady just gave him that purse and wouldn’t give him the medical fee 62. What the doctor said ______ the lady. A. worried? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. interested? ? ? ?? ?? ?C. frightened? ? ? ?? ???D. hurt 63.The money in the purse _______. A. was only 150 pounds

　　B. was less than 200 pounds C. was much more than the medical fee

　　D. was not enough for the medical fee

　　參考答案--------- B篇

　　61-63

　　DDC

　　Want to find a job? Now read the following advertisement.

　　FAIRMONT HOTEL

　　Five Waiters and Ten Waitresses

　　-Aged under 22

　　-At least high school graduate

　　-Good-looking; men at least 1.72 meters tall and women at least 1.65 meters

　　-Those knowing foreign languages favored

　　-Paid 1, 600-2,200 dollars per month

　　One Secretary

　　-Aged under 30

　　-Female favored

　　-Good at writing and skilled at computer

　　If interested, call 465-4768 or write to:

　　Mr. Jack Hundris

　　Room 0825, Fairmont Hotel

　　567 Wood Street, San Markers, 78003

　　Fax:6954828 WILSON BOOKSTORE

　　Accountant(會(huì)計(jì))

　　-Aged between 25 and 40

　　-With an experience of at least two years

　　-With a degree and an accountant certificate(證書)

　　-Paid 3, 000-4,000 dollars monthly

　　-With a practical knowledge of computer

　　Salesclerk

　　-Basic education of 12 years or more

　　-Good at computer

　　-Paid 1, 800-2,2000 dollars monthly

　　Tel:447-4398

　　Fax:3485269

　　68. If you don’t know how to use a computer, you can just apply for the position as_____.

　　A. a secretary

　　B. a waiter

　　or a waitress

　　C. an accountant

　　D. a salesclerk

　　69. If you want to get the position of accountant in Wilson Bookstore, you have to satisfy the following conditions EXCEPT_____.

　　A. being a woman

　　B. knowing well how to use a computer

　　C. having been an accountant

　　D. having an accountant certificate

　　70. If you want to try for a job in Fairmont Hotel, you_____.

　　A. have to be a woman and know foreign languages

　　B. should be a university graduate

　　C. have to be taller than 1.72 meters

　　D. should be younger than 22 years old

　　閱讀：

　　D篇

　　68-70 BADC8[2024·陜西卷]

　　Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately：the air you breathe.

　　Previous studies have linked high exposure(暴露)to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems，but

　　two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke(中風(fēng))within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research，scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants(污染物) were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U．S. Environmental

　　Protection Agency (EPA)considers to be of “moderate”(良好) quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.

　　The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of

　　pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.

　　53．The text mainly discusses the relationship between________.

　　A．heart problems and air quality

　　B．heart problems and exercising

　　C．heart problems and smoking

　　D．heart problems and fatty food

　　54.

　　The underlined word“modest”in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.

　　A．relatively high

　　B．extremely low

　　C．relatively low

　　D．extremely high

　　55．What can we learn from the text?

　　A．Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.

　　B．The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.

　　C．Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking.

　　D．Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.

　　56．The author's purpose of writing the text is most likely to________.

　　A．inform

　　B．persuade

　　C．describe

　　D．entertain

　　【要點(diǎn)綜述】眾所周知，攝入過多脂肪、缺乏鍛煉以及長期吸煙會(huì)增加患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但最新的研究表明，另外一項(xiàng)我們平時(shí)不注意的東西更使我們患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大大增加，那就是我們所呼吸的空氣。

　　53．A　主旨大意題。根據(jù)本文主題句——第一段的最后一句可知本文大意是說明空氣質(zhì)量和心臟病發(fā)病率之間的關(guān)系，選A。

　　54．C　詞義猜測(cè)題。此處指對(duì)于健康人來說，這些危險(xiǎn)相對(duì)較小，當(dāng)然比起像吸煙、高血壓這些其他危險(xiǎn)因素來說，空氣污染的危險(xiǎn)相對(duì)較低，故推測(cè)modest在此意為“相對(duì)較低的”，選C。

　　55．D　事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一句可知本題選D。

　　56．A　寫作意圖題。本文是一篇說明文，主要意思是說明人們所呼吸的空氣和心臟病的發(fā)病率之間的關(guān)系，由此可知作者的寫作目的是告知人們一個(gè)事實(shí)，故本題選A。

　　**************************************************************結(jié)束

　　C6[2024·北京卷]

　　Wilderness

　　“In wilderness (荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.

　　As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(開發(fā))brings to such landscapes(景觀)is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr. Sauven, these “ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.

　　Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need

　　for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.

　　I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.

　　This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.

　　67．John Sauven holds that ________.

　　A．many people value nature too much

　　B．exploitation of wildernesses is harmful

　　C．wildernesses provide humans with necessities

　　D．the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong

　　68．What is the main idea of Para.3?

　　A．The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.

　　B．Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.

　　C．Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.

　　D．All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.

　　69．What is the author's attitude towards this debate?

　　A．Objective.

　　B．Disapproving.

　　C．Sceptical.

　　D．Optimistic.

　　70．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

　　CP：Central Point　P：Point　Sp：Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))

　　C：Conclusion

　　【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇關(guān)于荒野保護(hù)的文章。作者從兩個(gè)方面論述了人們的觀點(diǎn)，并對(duì)于這一論題提出了自己的看法。

　　67. B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。作者在第二段中主要論述不應(yīng)該開發(fā)荒野的觀點(diǎn)，并通過John Sauven 的視角“and the danger exploitation(開發(fā)) brings to such landscapes(景觀) is real.”予以說明。所以正確答案應(yīng)為B。

　　68. C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。作者在第三段主要論述可以開發(fā)荒野的觀點(diǎn)，并通過Lee Lane 的視角“But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.”說明荒野可以開發(fā)。所以選C。

　　69. A　推理判斷題。 作者從正反兩方面對(duì)荒野開發(fā)進(jìn)行了論述，謹(jǐn)慎地發(fā)表了看法，所以態(tài)度比較客觀，故選A。objective客觀的；disapproving反對(duì)的；sceptical懷疑的；optimistic樂觀的。

　　70. D　文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。 本文作者首先提出中心論點(diǎn)，然后從正反兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了論述，然后回到自己的觀點(diǎn)，最后對(duì)自己的觀點(diǎn)做了進(jìn)一步的闡釋。因此D為最佳答案。A

　　(2011·寧德質(zhì)檢，A)The Golden Gate Bridge, the first sight for many people arriving in the United States by ship, is a well-recognized landmark, which spans(橫跨) the Golden Gate Strait.

　　The idea for a bridge across the strait had been around for many years, but it was not easy to get the project started. The construction of the bridge finally began in 1933. The construction work set new standards for safety—workers were among the first required to wear hard hats, and an innovative(革新的) safety net saved the lives of nineteen men while the bridge was built. The Golden Gate Bridge was completed in 1937, which was finished ahead of schedule.

　　Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer in charge of the bridge project. However, he had little experience with the construction of suspension(懸浮)bridges. For this reason, other engineers, architects, and designers made great contributions to the design and construction of the bridge. For example, the bridge owes its art style and unique orange color to the architects Irving and Gertrude Morrow. Charles Alton Ellis was the main engineer on the project and did much of the technical work necessary to build the bridge.

　　Today, the Golden Gate Bridge has a main span of 4,200 feet and a total length of 8,981 feet, making it one of the longest bridges in the world. The bridge is 90 feet wide, and its span is 220 feet above the water. The towers supporting the huge cables (巨纜) rise 746 feet above the waters of the Golden Gate Strait, making them 191 feet taller than the Washington Monument. About 40 million cars cross the bridge every year. There are foghorns(霧角)to let passing ships know where the bridge is, and aircraft beacons(信號(hào)燈)on the tops of the towers to stop planes from crashing into them.

　　金門大橋已經(jīng)成為美國的地標(biāo)性建筑，它橫跨金門海峽，是世界上最長的橋之一。它的建設(shè)是許多建筑師的智慧的結(jié)晶。

　　1．The purpose of the passage is to ________.

　　A. describe the construction work of the Golden Gate Bridge

　　B. introduce the Golden Gate Bridge

　　C. tell us the history of the Golden Gate Bridge

　　D. introduce the engineers in charge of the Golden Gate Bridge

　　答案：B。主旨大意題。由文章大意可知，文章向我們介紹了金門大橋的一些情況。

　　2．Safety innovations during the construction of the bridge included ________.

　　A. hard hats and a safety net B. aircraft beacons

　　C. foghorns

　　D. all of the above

　　答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第三句話“The construction work set new standards for safety—workers were among the first required to wear hard hats, and an innovative(革新的) safety net saved the lives of nineteen men while the bridge was built.”可知。

　　3. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

　　A. Joseph Strauss was skilled in the construction of suspension bridges

　　B. it took the construction workers three years to build the Golden Gate Bridge

　　C. about 100 thousand cars cross the Golden Gate Bridge every day

　　D. the Golden Gate Bridge is the longest bridge in the world

　　答案：C。推理判斷題。由最后一段第四句話“About 40 million cars cross the bridge every year.”可推知。

　　4. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.

　　A. towers

　　B. cables

　　C. waters

　　D. bridges

　　答案：A。猜測(cè)詞義題。所在句意：支持巨纜的塔在金門海峽水域以上746英尺，使塔比華盛頓紀(jì)念碑還高191英尺。所以them指代前面的“the towers”。