【北京專用】2024屆高考英語一輪復習方案課時作業：必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela
課時作業(五) [必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero] (限時：45分鐘)Ⅰ.單項填空________ trouble, we should never lose ________ heart.
A．a; the
B．a; a
C．/；/
D．/; the________all his energy to teaching and researching as well as the running of a healthy school.
A．devoted
B．devoting
C．to devote
D．and devote
3．With the money earned from the school garden, the students bought a blackboard, chairs and other things to ________ a “green classroom”．________ made more efforts than others.
A．definitely
B．relatively
C．obviously
D．certainly
5．Apart from the opening and closing ceremonies and some key matches, ticket price will be ________ to ordinary people.
A．available
B．considerable
C．acceptable
D．practical________ 100，000 had been rewarded
7．She's having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn't know whom to ________．
A．turn to
B．look for
C．deal with
D．talk about
8．The last thirty years________ the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress. Until today we have reached a stage________we have almost no rights at all.
A．saw; which
B．see; whereeing; in which
D．have seen; where________ to look into the problem.
A．was set up
B．has been set up
C．has been setting up
D．is setting up________ to death in the big fire.
A．burning
B．to be burned
C．being burned
D．to have been burned
11．The island is________attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
A．partly
B．merely
C．nearly
D．equally
12．You can never imagine what great trouble I had________the poor boy who was hurt seriously.
A．help
B．to help
C．helped
D．helping
13．Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours________a decision.
A．they reached
B．did they reach
C．they reach
D．do they reach
14．________I met him，he was working as a secretary in a big company.he first time
C．The first time when
D．When the first time
15．She pretended to be calm but ________ she was more than nervous at the time she was being questioned.
A．in actual
B．actually
C．as matter of fact
D．in a fact
Ⅱ.閱讀理解people would not test medicines on animals.Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and time-consuming for people.Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge.That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.
Europe, on the whole, has the world's most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research.Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year.But that is misleading.The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher.Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.
Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs.Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended.In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use.At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments.If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day.This practice means wasting time, money, and animals' lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.
Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives.It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer.Europe' s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.
16．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．The success of animal experiments should be ensured.
B．Ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.
C．Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.
D．Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.
17．Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?
A．America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.
B．Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.
C．Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.
D．Japan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year.
18．Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments?
A．Statistical studies.
B．Computer models.
C．DNA planted in animals.
D．Tissue from dead animals.
19．What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?
A．They are not revealed to the public.
B．They are made into teaching materials.
C．They are collected for future publication.
D．They are not removed from the research topic list.
B
Today we will explain a very old saying that has had a big influence on rock-and-roll music. That saying is “A rolling stone gathers no moss”．It has several meanings. One meaning is that a person who never settles down in one place will not be successful. Another is that someone who is always moving, with no roots in one place, avoids responsibilities.
This proverb was said to be first used in the 1500s. But in the 1960s, the expression “rolling stone” became famous in the world of rock-and-roll music. It became the name of a song, a rock group and a magazine.
Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters. He was one of the country's top blues musicians until his death in 1983. His music influenced singers like Elvis Presley and Bob Dylan. In 1950, Muddy Waters recorded a song called “Rolling Stone”．
A British rock group is said to have taken its name from Muddy Waters' song. The Rolling Stones performed for the first time in 1962.The group's members called themselves “the world's greatest rock-and-roll band”．
In 1965, Bob Dylan released his song “Like a Rolling Stone”．It is one of his best known and most influential works.，“with no direction home, like a complete unknown, like a rolling stone”．a young man named Jann Wenner started a magazine and he named it “Rolling Stone”．The magazine reported on rock music and the popular culture that the music created. By 1971，“Rolling Stone” had become the leading rock music and counterculture publication. It is still popular today.
20．Which person can be described as a rolling stone according to the proverb?
A．A person who always changes his jobs.
B．A person who has a successful career.
C．A person who has no family.
D．A person who is out of work.
21．All of them are musicians except ________．
A．Elvis Presley
B．Bob Dylan
C．Muddy Waters
D．Jann Wenner
22．Who first used “rolling stone” as a name for music?
A．Jann Wenner.
B．Bob Dylan.
C．Elvis Presley.
D．Muddy Waters.
Ⅲ.開放作文請根據下面提示，寫一篇短文。詞數不少于50。 following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
課 考查冠詞的用法。in trouble 處于困境中；lose heart 失去信心。 考查非謂語動詞的用法。devote的邏輯主語就是主句的主語Principal White, 后面有賓語all his energy，所以用現在分詞表主動。 考查動詞短語辨析。set up 成立，建立，符合句意。 pack up 包起來；add up 加起 come up 出現。 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能說自己是最好的，相對而言，我只是比別人付出更多努力而已。definitely意為“肯定地，當然地，明確地”；relatively意為“相對地，比較地”；obviously意為“顯然地”；certainly意為“當然，一定”。根據句意可知B項正確。 考查形容詞辨析。acceptable可接受的，與to搭配，符合句意。available 可用的； considerable相當多(或大、重要等)的； practical 實際的。D 考查動詞的時態和語態。根據句意可知，reward所表示的動作發生在“donated”這一動作之前，所以用過去完成時；分析句子結構可知，“reward”與“the two nurses”之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，應用被動語態。故選D。 考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她新買的電腦使用起來很困難，但她不知道向誰求助。 turn to 求助于；look for
deal with 處理； talk about 談論。D 考查動詞的時態和定語從句。句意：在過去這30年中，我們已經見證了……，故用現在完成時；stage作先行詞，后面的定語從句中缺少地點狀語，所以用where。 考查動詞的時態。句意：已經成立一個工作小組去調查這個問題了。故用現在完成時的被動語態。 考查動詞的用法。escape后跟動名詞作賓語；由于主語the little boy是burn動作的承受者，所以要用動名詞的被動式。D 考查副詞的用法。根據本句后半部分的內容可知這座島嶼在春天和秋天同樣吸引人，所以用equally表示“相等地，同樣”。 考查固定搭配。將句子成分great trouble放回原處，即have trouble(in) doing可知答案是D。 考查倒裝結構。句意：只有在他們討論這個問題好幾個小時之only修飾時間狀語從句且位于句首時，主句應采用部分倒裝的形式。根據狀語從句的時態可以確定主句應用一般過去時態。故選B。 考查名詞短語的連詞功能。the first time相當于一個連詞，意為“第一次……”。 考查詞語辨析。句意：她假裝鎮靜但實際上在被提問時她十分緊張。 actually 實際上，相當于 in fact, as a matter of fact。用動物進行試驗被人們的輿論推向了風口浪尖，然而，受諸多因素的影響，終止動物實驗的道路依然任重而道遠。盡管歐洲有嚴格的法律限制，但是仍然需要另找突破口。 主旨大意題。文章第一段指出用動物進行試驗難以杜絕的原因，第二段提到歐洲對動物實驗的法律限制的效果并不理想，第三段講了歐洲為限制動物實驗所作出的努力，最后一段提到歐洲的新措施應該既要減少用于實驗的動物的數量，又要改善科學研究的方法，所以C項最能概括文章大意。 正誤判斷題。第二段的最后一句提到日本和中國與美國的數據相比甚至更不全面，由此可推知日本對每年用于實驗室動物的數據記錄有限。 細節理解題。根據第三段第二句中的內容可知可用“人體組織”和“電腦模型”來取代動物實驗。 推理判斷題。根據第三段中的倒數第二、第三句可知，科學家們只分享成功的試驗，如果結果與假設不符，所做的工作將不公開。由此可推斷不成功的試驗不會展示給公眾。本文講述的是諺語A rolling stone gathers no moss.“滾石不生苔，改行不攢財”對滾石音樂的影響以及《滾石》雜志的誕生。 推理判斷題。從第一段的最后兩句話可知這句諺語有兩種含義，一種是那些不安心待在某個地方的人不會成功，另一種是那些扎不下來根兒的人不負責任。A項指的是經常換工作的人，符合題意。 細節理解題。根據第三段可知Elvis Presley，Bob Dylan和Muddy Waters都是音樂家；根據最后一段可知Jann Wenner是開辦雜志《滾石》的人。故選D。 細節理解題。根據第三段的第一句“Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters.”可知，rolling stone作為音樂的名字最早是被Muddy Waters使用的。：let's look at this picture. You see, the boy in the picture is showing off his strong right arm and proud of his great strength. However, his left arm appears rather weak. In my opinion, the picture wants to tell us that we should not overlook our weakness. Usually, we tend to take pride in our advantages just like the boy. But we really should know that the shortcomings, like the weak left arm of the boy, may prevent us from achieving success. So I think we ought to work on our weaknesses and strengths at the same time. What do you think, Jim?
Possible version 2：let's look at this interesting picture. You see, the boy in the picture is happily showing off his strong right arm. It is clear that he is very proud of his great strength while he ignores his left arm, which appears so weak.
In my opinion, the picture shows that we should keep a balance between our strengths and weaknesses. The boy in the picture only focuses on his strong right arm which symbolizes his strengths but ignores his thin left arm which represents his weak points. Consequently, he may encounter failure in the future. As we all know, we often spend all our time and energy strengthening our advantages. But we really need to work on the weaknesses. Otherwise, we will be dragged down by the shortcomings and never achieve success.
Personally, I would not do so like the boy. What do you think, Jim?
課時作業(五) [必修1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero] (限時：45分鐘)Ⅰ.單項填空________ trouble, we should never lose ________ heart.
A．a; the
B．a; a
C．/；/
D．/; the________all his energy to teaching and researching as well as the running of a healthy school.
A．devoted
B．devoting
C．to devote
D．and devote
3．With the money earned from the school garden, the students bought a blackboard, chairs and other things to ________ a “green classroom”．________ made more efforts than others.
A．definitely
B．relatively
C．obviously
D．certainly
5．Apart from the opening and closing ceremonies and some key matches, ticket price will be ________ to ordinary people.
A．available
B．considerable
C．acceptable
D．practical________ 100，000 had been rewarded
7．She's having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn't know whom to ________．
A．turn to
B．look for
C．deal with
D．talk about
8．The last thirty years________ the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress. Until today we have reached a stage________we have almost no rights at all.
A．saw; which
B．see; whereeing; in which
D．have seen; where________ to look into the problem.
A．was set up
B．has been set up
C．has been setting up
D．is setting up________ to death in the big fire.
A．burning
B．to be burned
C．being burned
D．to have been burned
11．The island is________attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
A．partly
B．merely
C．nearly
D．equally
12．You can never imagine what great trouble I had________the poor boy who was hurt seriously.
A．help
B．to help
C．helped
D．helping
13．Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours________a decision.
A．they reached
B．did they reach
C．they reach
D．do they reach
14．________I met him，he was working as a secretary in a big company.he first time
C．The first time when
D．When the first time
15．She pretended to be calm but ________ she was more than nervous at the time she was being questioned.
A．in actual
B．actually
C．as matter of fact
D．in a fact
Ⅱ.閱讀理解people would not test medicines on animals.Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and time-consuming for people.Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge.That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.
Europe, on the whole, has the world's most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research.Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year.But that is misleading.The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher.Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.
Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs.Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended.In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use.At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments.If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day.This practice means wasting time, money, and animals' lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.
Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives.It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer.Europe' s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.
16．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．The success of animal experiments should be ensured.
B．Ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.
C．Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.
D．Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.
17．Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?
A．America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.
B．Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.
C．Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.
D．Japan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year.
18．Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments?
A．Statistical studies.
B．Computer models.
C．DNA planted in animals.
D．Tissue from dead animals.
19．What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?
A．They are not revealed to the public.
B．They are made into teaching materials.
C．They are collected for future publication.
D．They are not removed from the research topic list.
B
Today we will explain a very old saying that has had a big influence on rock-and-roll music. That saying is “A rolling stone gathers no moss”．It has several meanings. One meaning is that a person who never settles down in one place will not be successful. Another is that someone who is always moving, with no roots in one place, avoids responsibilities.
This proverb was said to be first used in the 1500s. But in the 1960s, the expression “rolling stone” became famous in the world of rock-and-roll music. It became the name of a song, a rock group and a magazine.
Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters. He was one of the country's top blues musicians until his death in 1983. His music influenced singers like Elvis Presley and Bob Dylan. In 1950, Muddy Waters recorded a song called “Rolling Stone”．
A British rock group is said to have taken its name from Muddy Waters' song. The Rolling Stones performed for the first time in 1962.The group's members called themselves “the world's greatest rock-and-roll band”．
In 1965, Bob Dylan released his song “Like a Rolling Stone”．It is one of his best known and most influential works.，“with no direction home, like a complete unknown, like a rolling stone”．a young man named Jann Wenner started a magazine and he named it “Rolling Stone”．The magazine reported on rock music and the popular culture that the music created. By 1971，“Rolling Stone” had become the leading rock music and counterculture publication. It is still popular today.
20．Which person can be described as a rolling stone according to the proverb?
A．A person who always changes his jobs.
B．A person who has a successful career.
C．A person who has no family.
D．A person who is out of work.
21．All of them are musicians except ________．
A．Elvis Presley
B．Bob Dylan
C．Muddy Waters
D．Jann Wenner
22．Who first used “rolling stone” as a name for music?
A．Jann Wenner.
B．Bob Dylan.
C．Elvis Presley.
D．Muddy Waters.
Ⅲ.開放作文請根據下面提示，寫一篇短文。詞數不少于50。 following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
課 考查冠詞的用法。in trouble 處于困境中；lose heart 失去信心。 考查非謂語動詞的用法。devote的邏輯主語就是主句的主語Principal White, 后面有賓語all his energy，所以用現在分詞表主動。 考查動詞短語辨析。set up 成立，建立，符合句意。 pack up 包起來；add up 加起 come up 出現。 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能說自己是最好的，相對而言，我只是比別人付出更多努力而已。definitely意為“肯定地，當然地，明確地”；relatively意為“相對地，比較地”；obviously意為“顯然地”；certainly意為“當然，一定”。根據句意可知B項正確。 考查形容詞辨析。acceptable可接受的，與to搭配，符合句意。available 可用的； considerable相當多(或大、重要等)的； practical 實際的。D 考查動詞的時態和語態。根據句意可知，reward所表示的動作發生在“donated”這一動作之前，所以用過去完成時；分析句子結構可知，“reward”與“the two nurses”之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，應用被動語態。故選D。 考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她新買的電腦使用起來很困難，但她不知道向誰求助。 turn to 求助于；look for
deal with 處理； talk about 談論。D 考查動詞的時態和定語從句。句意：在過去這30年中，我們已經見證了……，故用現在完成時；stage作先行詞，后面的定語從句中缺少地點狀語，所以用where。 考查動詞的時態。句意：已經成立一個工作小組去調查這個問題了。故用現在完成時的被動語態。 考查動詞的用法。escape后跟動名詞作賓語；由于主語the little boy是burn動作的承受者，所以要用動名詞的被動式。D 考查副詞的用法。根據本句后半部分的內容可知這座島嶼在春天和秋天同樣吸引人，所以用equally表示“相等地，同樣”。 考查固定搭配。將句子成分great trouble放回原處，即have trouble(in) doing可知答案是D。 考查倒裝結構。句意：只有在他們討論這個問題好幾個小時之only修飾時間狀語從句且位于句首時，主句應采用部分倒裝的形式。根據狀語從句的時態可以確定主句應用一般過去時態。故選B。 考查名詞短語的連詞功能。the first time相當于一個連詞，意為“第一次……”。 考查詞語辨析。句意：她假裝鎮靜但實際上在被提問時她十分緊張。 actually 實際上，相當于 in fact, as a matter of fact。用動物進行試驗被人們的輿論推向了風口浪尖，然而，受諸多因素的影響，終止動物實驗的道路依然任重而道遠。盡管歐洲有嚴格的法律限制，但是仍然需要另找突破口。 主旨大意題。文章第一段指出用動物進行試驗難以杜絕的原因，第二段提到歐洲對動物實驗的法律限制的效果并不理想，第三段講了歐洲為限制動物實驗所作出的努力，最后一段提到歐洲的新措施應該既要減少用于實驗的動物的數量，又要改善科學研究的方法，所以C項最能概括文章大意。 正誤判斷題。第二段的最后一句提到日本和中國與美國的數據相比甚至更不全面，由此可推知日本對每年用于實驗室動物的數據記錄有限。 細節理解題。根據第三段第二句中的內容可知可用“人體組織”和“電腦模型”來取代動物實驗。 推理判斷題。根據第三段中的倒數第二、第三句可知，科學家們只分享成功的試驗，如果結果與假設不符，所做的工作將不公開。由此可推斷不成功的試驗不會展示給公眾。本文講述的是諺語A rolling stone gathers no moss.“滾石不生苔，改行不攢財”對滾石音樂的影響以及《滾石》雜志的誕生。 推理判斷題。從第一段的最后兩句話可知這句諺語有兩種含義，一種是那些不安心待在某個地方的人不會成功，另一種是那些扎不下來根兒的人不負責任。A項指的是經常換工作的人，符合題意。 細節理解題。根據第三段可知Elvis Presley，Bob Dylan和Muddy Waters都是音樂家；根據最后一段可知Jann Wenner是開辦雜志《滾石》的人。故選D。 細節理解題。根據第三段的第一句“Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters.”可知，rolling stone作為音樂的名字最早是被Muddy Waters使用的。：let's look at this picture. You see, the boy in the picture is showing off his strong right arm and proud of his great strength. However, his left arm appears rather weak. In my opinion, the picture wants to tell us that we should not overlook our weakness. Usually, we tend to take pride in our advantages just like the boy. But we really should know that the shortcomings, like the weak left arm of the boy, may prevent us from achieving success. So I think we ought to work on our weaknesses and strengths at the same time. What do you think, Jim?
Possible version 2：let's look at this interesting picture. You see, the boy in the picture is happily showing off his strong right arm. It is clear that he is very proud of his great strength while he ignores his left arm, which appears so weak.
In my opinion, the picture shows that we should keep a balance between our strengths and weaknesses. The boy in the picture only focuses on his strong right arm which symbolizes his strengths but ignores his thin left arm which represents his weak points. Consequently, he may encounter failure in the future. As we all know, we often spend all our time and energy strengthening our advantages. But we really need to work on the weaknesses. Otherwise, we will be dragged down by the shortcomings and never achieve success.
Personally, I would not do so like the boy. What do you think, Jim?
