Current feminist theory, in validating women\'s own stories of their experience, has encouraged scholars of women\'s history to view the use of women\'s oral narratives as the methodology, next to the use of women\'s written autobiography, that brings historians closest to the "reality" of women\'s lives. Such narratives, unlike most standard histories, represent experience from the perspective of women, affirm the importance of women\'s contributions, and furnish present-day women with historical continuity that is essential to their identity, individually and collectively.

　　Scholars of women\'s history should, however, be as cautious about accepting oral narratives at face value as they already are about written memories. Oral narratives are no more likely than are written narratives to provide a disinterested commentary on events or people. Moreover, the stories people tell to explain themselves are shaped by narrative devices and storytelling conventions, as well as by other cultural and historical factors, in ways that the storytellers may be unaware of. The political rhetoric of a particular era, for example, may influence women\'s interpretations of the significance of their experience. Thus a woman who views the Second World War as pivotal in increasing the social acceptance of women\'s paid work outside the home may reach that conclusion partly and unwittingly because of wartime rhetoric encouraging a positive view of women\'s participation in such work.

　　文章概況：現在的一些理論鼓勵學者研究口語的東西，因為口語的東西能夠比寫出來的東西讓這些歷史學家更加接近女性生活的真實狀況。后面詳述了一些這些口語的東西到底是什么。

　　第二段開始談如果歷史學家采用口語的東西他們必須小心點。后面具體詳述了口語和寫出來的東西有什么區別會讓我采用口語的東西必須小心翼翼!

　　Question

　　The passage is primarily concerned with

　　(A) contrasting the benefits of one methodology with the benefits of another

　　(B) describing the historical origins and inherent drawbacks of a particular methodology

　　(C) discussing the appeal of a particular methodology and some concerns about its use

　　(D) showing that some historians\' adoption of a particular methodology has led to criticism of recent historical scholarship

　　(E) analyzing the influence of current feminist views on women\'s interpretations of their experience

　　問主旨，我們來看選項

　　A 對比了一個方法和另外一個方法的好處，兩種方法的好處進行對比原文沒有涉及，殺

　　B 描述了一個歷史起源和這個方法自有的一些缺點。好像后辦部分原文涉及到過，先留著

　　C 討論了一個方法的好處并且對它的使用表示關切。也沾點，留著

　　D 一些歷史學家采用一定的方法導致一些人的批評，沒提過什么人會提出批評，殺

　　E分析了現在一些學者對于女性經歷的觀點所產生的影響，沒提，殺

　　B和C相同之處是這兩個選項后辦部分原文都涉及到過，不同是前半部分一個強調的是起源一個強調的是采用這個方法，文章第一段顯然談到的是我采用一個方法，C更好。

　　Question

　　According to the passage, scholars of women\'s history should refrain from doing which of the following?

　　(A) Relying on traditional historical sources when women\'s oral narratives are unavailable

　　(B) Focusing on the influence of political rhetoric on women\'s perceptions to the exclusion of other equally important factors

　　(C) Attempting to discover the cultural and historical factors that influence the stories women tell

　　(D) Assuming that the conventions of women\'s written autobiographies are similar to the conventions of women\'s oral narratives

　　Accepting women\'s oral narratives less critically than they accept women\'s written histories

　　問 scholars of women\'s history應該不干什么，文章建議這些歷史學家用這些口語的東西應該謹慎，我們看看E，說less critically地接受口語的東西，不是反了嗎，選這個。如果這個題干沒有意識到refrain這個詞匯，有可能上來就會把E去掉!

　　Question

　　According to the passage, each of the following is a difference between women\'s oral narratives and most standard histories EXCEPT:

　　(A) Women\'s oral histories validate the significance of women\'s achievements.

　　(B) Women\'s oral histories depict experience from the point of view of women.

　　(C) Women\'s oral histories acknowledge the influence of well-known women.

　　(D) Women\'s oral histories present today\'s women with a sense of their historical relationship to women of the past.

　　Women\'s oral histories are crucial to the collective identity of today\'s women.

　　問以下那個不是口語和標準歷史的區別，根據脈絡這個區別應該是文章第一段的后辦部分體現出來的，我們來看看 Such narratives, unlike most standard histories, represent experience from the perspective of women(對應B), affirm the importance of women\'s contributions(對應A), and furnish present-day women with historical continuity that is essential to their identity(對應E), individually and collectively.還剩下C和D這兩個選項原文好像都沒有讀到過。C說承認有名的女人帶來的影響 D說口語的東西還說什么和歷史女性的關系，D說得更概括，越概括的選項原文越有可能提到，選C。至于D在什么地方體現出來的，說得都像佛了，這種選向很難對應原文一句話，而是把一些句子進行概括總結形成的選項，直接找到對英語能力要求教高，算了吧!放下!佛家三大苦，想不開，放不下，忘不了。GMAT要求我從來沒想過，何談想不開，我從來就沒在乎過什么，何談放不下，忘不了，我從來就沒記住過什么，何談忘不了!

　　Current feminist theory, in validating women\'s own stories of their experience, has encouraged scholars of women\'s history to view the use of women\'s oral narratives as the methodology, next to the use of women\'s written autobiography, that brings historians closest to the "reality" of women\'s lives. Such narratives, unlike most standard histories, represent experience from the perspective of women, affirm the importance of women\'s contributions, and furnish present-day women with historical continuity that is essential to their identity, individually and collectively.

　　Scholars of women\'s history should, however, be as cautious about accepting oral narratives at face value as they already are about written memories. Oral narratives are no more likely than are written narratives to provide a disinterested commentary on events or people. Moreover, the stories people tell to explain themselves are shaped by narrative devices and storytelling conventions, as well as by other cultural and historical factors, in ways that the storytellers may be unaware of. The political rhetoric of a particular era, for example, may influence women\'s interpretations of the significance of their experience. Thus a woman who views the Second World War as pivotal in increasing the social acceptance of women\'s paid work outside the home may reach that conclusion partly and unwittingly because of wartime rhetoric encouraging a positive view of women\'s participation in such work.

　　文章概況：現在的一些理論鼓勵學者研究口語的東西，因為口語的東西能夠比寫出來的東西讓這些歷史學家更加接近女性生活的真實狀況。后面詳述了一些這些口語的東西到底是什么。

　　第二段開始談如果歷史學家采用口語的東西他們必須小心點。后面具體詳述了口語和寫出來的東西有什么區別會讓我采用口語的東西必須小心翼翼!

　　Question

　　The passage is primarily concerned with

　　(A) contrasting the benefits of one methodology with the benefits of another

　　(B) describing the historical origins and inherent drawbacks of a particular methodology

　　(C) discussing the appeal of a particular methodology and some concerns about its use

　　(D) showing that some historians\' adoption of a particular methodology has led to criticism of recent historical scholarship

　　(E) analyzing the influence of current feminist views on women\'s interpretations of their experience

　　問主旨，我們來看選項

　　A 對比了一個方法和另外一個方法的好處，兩種方法的好處進行對比原文沒有涉及，殺

　　B 描述了一個歷史起源和這個方法自有的一些缺點。好像后辦部分原文涉及到過，先留著

　　C 討論了一個方法的好處并且對它的使用表示關切。也沾點，留著

　　D 一些歷史學家采用一定的方法導致一些人的批評，沒提過什么人會提出批評，殺

　　E分析了現在一些學者對于女性經歷的觀點所產生的影響，沒提，殺

　　B和C相同之處是這兩個選項后辦部分原文都涉及到過，不同是前半部分一個強調的是起源一個強調的是采用這個方法，文章第一段顯然談到的是我采用一個方法，C更好。

　　Question

　　According to the passage, scholars of women\'s history should refrain from doing which of the following?

　　(A) Relying on traditional historical sources when women\'s oral narratives are unavailable

　　(B) Focusing on the influence of political rhetoric on women\'s perceptions to the exclusion of other equally important factors

　　(C) Attempting to discover the cultural and historical factors that influence the stories women tell

　　(D) Assuming that the conventions of women\'s written autobiographies are similar to the conventions of women\'s oral narratives

　　Accepting women\'s oral narratives less critically than they accept women\'s written histories

　　問 scholars of women\'s history應該不干什么，文章建議這些歷史學家用這些口語的東西應該謹慎，我們看看E，說less critically地接受口語的東西，不是反了嗎，選這個。如果這個題干沒有意識到refrain這個詞匯，有可能上來就會把E去掉!

　　Question

　　According to the passage, each of the following is a difference between women\'s oral narratives and most standard histories EXCEPT:

　　(A) Women\'s oral histories validate the significance of women\'s achievements.

　　(B) Women\'s oral histories depict experience from the point of view of women.

　　(C) Women\'s oral histories acknowledge the influence of well-known women.

　　(D) Women\'s oral histories present today\'s women with a sense of their historical relationship to women of the past.

　　Women\'s oral histories are crucial to the collective identity of today\'s women.

　　問以下那個不是口語和標準歷史的區別，根據脈絡這個區別應該是文章第一段的后辦部分體現出來的，我們來看看 Such narratives, unlike most standard histories, represent experience from the perspective of women(對應B), affirm the importance of women\'s contributions(對應A), and furnish present-day women with historical continuity that is essential to their identity(對應E), individually and collectively.還剩下C和D這兩個選項原文好像都沒有讀到過。C說承認有名的女人帶來的影響 D說口語的東西還說什么和歷史女性的關系，D說得更概括，越概括的選項原文越有可能提到，選C。至于D在什么地方體現出來的，說得都像佛了，這種選向很難對應原文一句話，而是把一些句子進行概括總結形成的選項，直接找到對英語能力要求教高，算了吧!放下!佛家三大苦，想不開，放不下，忘不了。GMAT要求我從來沒想過，何談想不開，我從來就沒在乎過什么，何談放不下，忘不了，我從來就沒記住過什么，何談忘不了!