英語四級詞匯課堂筆記完整版

　　第1課

　　如果想達到85分以上，詞匯應該錯6個以內。

　　Jump for the sun, at least you land on the moon. 目標定的高一點有好處。

　　4200單詞要求對于4級考試，高三畢業是1800個單詞。

　　我喜歡這里： I like here. Right: I like it here.

　　I can succeed. Right: I can do it. I can make it.

　　注意生活中的英語： Nike勝利女神。 Just do it.

　　生活中的英語： Did you have a pleasant journey?

　　I am very much frightened because a girl named Monika stands beside me. Oh, thank god! Hes not the president now.

　　I was just screwed up.

　　四級考試中常見的考察詞匯的題型：

　　I 押韻題型(押頭韻、押尾韻);

　　答案總在相似中，如果有三個一樣，基本上就在其中了。

　　54. The rain was heavy and _A_ the land was flooded.

　　A consequently B continuously C constantly D consistently

　　continue v. 繼續，連續; continually adv. 時斷時續地; continuously adv. 連續不斷地。

　　說不停的咳嗽時，continually是間歇的時斷時續的咳嗽，continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。

　　consequently adv. 因此，所以;

　　constantly adv. 始終如一地，連續發生地;constant temperature 恒溫

　　consistently adv. 一貫地，一致地; consistent adj. consistent policy 一貫的政策。

　　36. I hate people who _C_ the end of a film that you havent seen before.

　　A revise B rewrite C reveal D reverse

　　rewrite v. 重寫，改寫; revise vt. 修改，修正; reveal vt. 揭示，揭露;

　　reverse vt. 顛倒，使反轉，使反向。

　　42. There were no tickets _D_ for Fridays performance.

　　A preferable B considerable C possible D available

　　performance n. 表演，演出，演奏; perform vt. possible adj. 可能的

　　動詞后加able構成形容詞通常表示可的 read - readable accept - acceptable

　　consider vt. 考慮; considerable adj. 相當大的。

　　preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的;

　　available adj. 可獲得的，可利用的，可支配的。

　　33. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses.

　　A acceptable B applicable C advisable D available

　　living expenses 生活費; acceptable adj. 可接受的;

　　apply vt. 申請，應用; applicable adj. 可應用的，適當的，合適的;

　　advise vt. 建議; advice n. 建議; advisable adj. 明智的，可取的。

　　54. It is our _A_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.

　　A consistent B continuous C considerate D continual

　　achieve unity through peaceful means 通過和平手段取得統一; consistent policy 一貫政策

　　II 構詞法題型;

　　構成符合形容詞的名詞和數量詞一律用單數。

　　31. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our attention.

　　A three-hours B three-hour C three-hours D three-hours

　　267. Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday.

　　A two-thousand-words B two-thousands-word

　　C two-thousand-word D two-thousands-words

　　以ly結尾的不全是副詞; friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively adj.

　　考試中常見的否定前綴： un-、dis-、in-、im-

　　56. _B_ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.

　　A Dislike B Unlike C Alike D Liking

　　like vt. 喜歡; dislike vt. 不喜歡，厭惡; unlike prep. 不象

　　alike adj. adv. 同樣的，相象的; liking n. 愛好，嗜好;

　　take a liking for喜歡，對產生好感。

　　III 近義詞含義比較;

　　44. There were some _A_ flowers on the table.

　　A artificial B unnatural C false D unreal

　　unreal adj. 不真實的; Ends justify means 不擇手段;

　　false adj. 具有欺騙性的，假的，偽造的; false coin/passport/hair，a false tooth/false teeth

　　unnatural adj. 不自然的，經常用來修飾人的行為舉止，表示做作的，矯揉造作的。

　　artificial adj. 人造人為的 artificial leg 假肢artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather 真皮

　　54. When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of wages.

　　A laziness B poverty C idleness D inability

　　laziness n. 懶惰; poverty n. 貧窮; poor adj. 貧窮的;

　　idleness n. 無事可做; inability n. 沒有能力，沒有辦法。

　　69. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough _A_.

　　A nuisance B trouble C worry D anxiety

　　invade 進攻，侵略; nuisance n. 令人討厭的東西; trouble n. 煩惱，麻煩，問題;

　　worry n. 擔心，發愁; anxiety n. 焦慮。 What a nuisance. 真是煩。

　　IV 搭配關系問題;

　　extent n. 程度; to... extent 到達程度，在程度之上; extent 只能和to搭配。

　　object vi. 反對; object + to + 動名詞(動詞的ing形式)。

　　objection n. 反對; objection + to + 動名詞(動詞的ing形式)。

　　V 形相近，意相遠;

　　65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _A_ spring.

　　A late B last C latter D later

　　late adj. 晚的，晚于通常時間的; late spring 晚春、暮春; last adj. 最后的，最終的;

　　later adj. 更晚的(late的比較級)、時間概念后一半的;只適用于表示某個世紀的后半期;

　　The later twentieth century. 二十世紀的后一半。

　　latter adj. (兩者中)后者的; former adj. (兩者中)前者的;

　　59. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _B_ in the market.

　　A batteries B bargains C baskets D barrels

　　battery n. 電池; bargain n. 特價商品; Its really a bargain. 你真會買東西，不是說真便宜。

　　basket n. 籃子; barrel n. 桶; wonderful bargain 物美價廉的商品;bargain v. 討價還價;

　　53. Remember that customers dont _D_ about prices in that city.

　　A debate B consult C dispute D bargain

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　　41. The bridge was named _A_ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.

　　A after B with C by D from

　　cause 事業; be named after 以的名字命名;

　　42. There were no tickets _D_ for Fridays performance.

　　A preferable B considerable C possible D available

　　preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的;

　　358. _C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.

　　A Inferior to B Superior to C Prior to D Preferable to

　　具有比較意味的形容詞只要與介詞to搭配即可表示其比較級。 super- 表示在上方，超過

　　inferior adj. 低于的，劣于 superior adj. 高于的，優于 prior adj. 在之前的

　　Revolutionary War 特指美國獨立戰爭;second adj. 第二的(含有比較意味，也與to搭配)

　　He is second to none. 首屈一指，無與倫比;

　　30. Cancer is second only _B_ heart disease as a cause of death.

　　A of B to C with D from

　　43. It wasnt such a good dinner _C_ she had promised us.

　　A that B which C as D what

　　such that 如此 以至于 sb + be + ___ + sth 空格處應為能加雙賓語的動詞;

　　加雙賓語的動詞的用法：動詞 + sb + sth(主動形式); sb + be + pp + sth(被動形式);

　　59. American women were _D_ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.

　　A ignored B neglected C refused D denied

　　deny v. 否認，拒絕;deny sb sth 拒絕給予某人某物;

　　44. They decided to chase the cow away _C_ it did more damage.

　　A unless B until C before D although

　　45. _B_ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.

　　A Each B Any C Either D One

　　common sense 常識; each 這個詞在英語中強調的是個體與眾不同的特點;

　　any 這個詞強調的是很多東西在一起的共性; either 兩者之間任何一個;

　　31. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _C_ chemists.

　　A each B some C any D certain

　　46. All _D_ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.

　　A what is needed B for our needs C the thing needed D that is needed

　　當all作定語從句的先行詞時，從句只能用that來引導; all that = what

　　47. _A_ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.

　　A When compared B Compare C While comparing D Comparing

　　本題的關鍵是弄清compare與mountain的關系; when 可以直接加過去分詞;

　　before + being + 過去分詞;

　　44. After _A_ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.

　　A being interviewed B interviewed C interviewing D having interviewed

　　They lose their health to make money, and they lose their money to restore health.

　　48. _C_ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.

　　A That was from Stephen B It was Stephen whom

　　C It was from Stephen that D It was Stephen that

　　本題重點是強調句式; 當被強調部分指人且在句子中作賓語時，其余部分可用whom引導;

　　49. If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller _D_.

　　A suit B set C one D pair

　　50. Many new _A_ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.

　　A opportunities B necessities C realities D probabilities

　　51. He must have had an accident, or he _A_ then.

　　A would have been here B had to be here C should be here D would be here

　　must have + 過去分詞 表示對過去行為的肯定推測;

　　與過去事態相反用：情態動詞 + have + 過去分詞 來體現虛擬語氣;

　　must 一定，必須; neednt, dont have to 不必;

　　53. You _A_ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.

　　A neednt have done B must not have done

　　C shouldnt have done D can not have done

　　should have + 過去分詞 本應該，本應當; shouldnt have done本不應該，本不應當;

　　44. It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _D_ it.

　　A mustnt have done B wouldnt have done

　　C mightnt have done D didnt have to do

　　52. It was essential that the applications forms _C_ back before the deadline.

　　A must be sent B would be sent C be sent D were sent

　　It be essential that 后面一定用虛擬語氣，且句子謂語動詞固定為 + 動詞原型;

　　It was essential that the applications forms send back before the deadline.

　　53. We _D_ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.

　　A just have had B have just had C just had D had just had

　　when 還可以表示①剛..就 (有動作先后關系)、②恰在此時;

　　44. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _D_ I heard voices.

　　A as B while C after D when

　　45. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _C_ something occurred which attracted my attention.

　　A unless B until C when D while

　　64. It was essential that these application forms _D_ back as early as possible.

　　A must be sent B will be sent C are sent D be sent

　　第2課

　　非謂語動詞與獨立主格：短語，句子(或者句子，短語)

　　1.當短語部分有獨立主語，并且該主語不同于句子主語，這時短語結構稱為獨立主格。(它最明顯的特點是短語部分有獨立的主語)。

　　獨立主格的結構1：名詞(代詞)+ 分詞

　　現在分詞表示主動的，正在進行的行為;過去分詞表示被動的，已經完成的行為。 作題時要通過判斷動作與名詞(代詞)之間的關系來確定是使用現在分詞還是過去分詞。當動作由名詞(代詞)發出時使用現在分詞，而名詞(代詞)是受動者時則用過去分詞。

　　54. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.

　　A followed B following C to follow D being followed

　　49. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.

　　A considered B be considered C considering D having considered

　　call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四級中的考點就是現在分詞和過去分詞的區別。

　　獨立主格的結構2：with + 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞

　　36. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.

　　A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged

　　as well as 和(相當于and); be encouraged不會考。

　　動詞不定式有預示將來行為的含義。to be encouraged 將要被鼓勵;

　　been encouraged 已經被鼓勵完了，與主句的謂語動詞相對;being encouraged 正在被鼓勵

　　2.短語部分沒有獨立主語，則短語結構稱為非謂語動詞。

　　非謂語動詞的結構：分詞(分詞短語)

　　句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發出動作，則使用現在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發出，則使用過去分詞。

　　43.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

　　A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed

　　perform vt. 表演，演出，演奏;

　　to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;

　　一些特殊的動詞：

　　第一點：forget 忘記; remember 記得;

　　這兩個詞后加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式表示已經做過的事情。

　　注意：動名詞與現在分詞形式一樣，但含義不同。這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。

　　forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;

　　remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;

　　62. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.

　　A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him