四級閱讀理解練習
The table before which we sit may be, as the scientist maintains, composed of dancing atoms, but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms but a solid and motionless object that we live. So remote is this real tableand most of the other realities with which science dealsthat it cannot be discussed in terms which have any human value, and though it may receive our purely intellectual credence it cannot be woven into the pattern of life as it is led, in
contradistinction to life as we attempt it. Vibrations in the ether(以太) are so totally unlike the color, purple that the gulf between them cannot be bridged, and they are, to all intents and purposes，not one but two separate things of which the second and less real must be the most significant for us. And just as the sensation which has led us to attribute all objective reality to a non-existent thing which we called purpleis more important for human life than the conception of vibrations of a certain frequency; so too the belief in God; however ill founded, has been more important in the life of man than the germ theory of true the latter may be. ?
We may, if we like, speak of consequence, as certain mystics love to do, of the different levels or orders of truth. We may adopt what is essentially a Platonistic (布拉圖式的) trick of thought and insist upon postulating the existence of external realities which correspond to the needs and modes of human feeling and which, so we may insist, have their being in some part of the universe unreachable by science. But to do so is to make an unwarrantable assumption and to be guilty of the metaphysical fallacy of failing to distinguish between a truth of feeling and that other sort of truth which is described as truth of correspondence and it is better perhaps, at least for those of us who have grown up in thought, to steer clear of such confusions and to rest content with the admission that, though the universe with which science deals is the real universe, yet we do not and cannot have any but fleeting and imperfect contacts with it; that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-take place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.?
1. The author suggests that in order to bridge the puzzling difference between scientific truth and the world of illusion, the reader should____. ?
A) try to rid himself of his world of illusion?
B) accept his words as being one of illusion?
C) apply the scientific method ?
D) learn to acknowledge both ?
2. Judging from the ideas and tone of the selection, one may reasonably
guess that the author is ____. ?
A) a humanist B) a pantheist ?
C) a nuclear physicist D) a doctor of medicine
?
3. According to this passage, a scientist would conceive of a table as
being ____. ?
A) a solid motionless object ?
B) certain characteristic vibrations in ether ?
C) a form fixed in space and time ?
D) a mass of atoms in motion ?
4. The topic of this selection is____.
A) the distortion of reality by science
B) the confusion caused by emotions?
C) Platonic and contemporary views of truth?
D) the place of scientific truth in our lives
?
5. By objective reality (Last line, Para. 1) the author means____.
A) scientific reality ?
B) a symbolic existence ?
C) the viewers experience?
D) reality colored by emotion
答案與解析：
1. B。
作者暗示為了聯系起科學世界和虛幻世界的不同點，把他的話當作一種假相。間接題型段尾結論題。根據第二段最后一句話，我們可推出B是正確答案。
2. A。
由文章的觀點及語氣可推知作者是人文主義者。暗示推斷題。文中第一段第一句后半句提到...but a solid and motionless object that we live由此我們可以推出該作者是一位人文主義者。
3. D。
根據文章，科學家相信table就是一群運動的原子。直接題型語義指代題。根據第一段第一 句的前半句...but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms ...我們可推出D是正確答案。
4. D。
文章的主題為生活中科學真理的地位。段首主旨題。從第二段最后一句后半句...that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-takes place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.我們可以推斷出本文只要講了科學真理在現實生活中的地位。因而答案應選D。
5. A。
對于作者，objective reality意味著科學現實。語義指代題。根據文章最后一段，我們可得知objective reality即科學現實的意思，因而，答案應該選A。
The table before which we sit may be, as the scientist maintains, composed of dancing atoms, but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms but a solid and motionless object that we live. So remote is this real tableand most of the other realities with which science dealsthat it cannot be discussed in terms which have any human value, and though it may receive our purely intellectual credence it cannot be woven into the pattern of life as it is led, in
contradistinction to life as we attempt it. Vibrations in the ether(以太) are so totally unlike the color, purple that the gulf between them cannot be bridged, and they are, to all intents and purposes，not one but two separate things of which the second and less real must be the most significant for us. And just as the sensation which has led us to attribute all objective reality to a non-existent thing which we called purpleis more important for human life than the conception of vibrations of a certain frequency; so too the belief in God; however ill founded, has been more important in the life of man than the germ theory of true the latter may be. ?
We may, if we like, speak of consequence, as certain mystics love to do, of the different levels or orders of truth. We may adopt what is essentially a Platonistic (布拉圖式的) trick of thought and insist upon postulating the existence of external realities which correspond to the needs and modes of human feeling and which, so we may insist, have their being in some part of the universe unreachable by science. But to do so is to make an unwarrantable assumption and to be guilty of the metaphysical fallacy of failing to distinguish between a truth of feeling and that other sort of truth which is described as truth of correspondence and it is better perhaps, at least for those of us who have grown up in thought, to steer clear of such confusions and to rest content with the admission that, though the universe with which science deals is the real universe, yet we do not and cannot have any but fleeting and imperfect contacts with it; that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-take place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.?
1. The author suggests that in order to bridge the puzzling difference between scientific truth and the world of illusion, the reader should____. ?
A) try to rid himself of his world of illusion?
B) accept his words as being one of illusion?
C) apply the scientific method ?
D) learn to acknowledge both ?
2. Judging from the ideas and tone of the selection, one may reasonably
guess that the author is ____. ?
A) a humanist B) a pantheist ?
C) a nuclear physicist D) a doctor of medicine
?
3. According to this passage, a scientist would conceive of a table as
being ____. ?
A) a solid motionless object ?
B) certain characteristic vibrations in ether ?
C) a form fixed in space and time ?
D) a mass of atoms in motion ?
4. The topic of this selection is____.
A) the distortion of reality by science
B) the confusion caused by emotions?
C) Platonic and contemporary views of truth?
D) the place of scientific truth in our lives
?
5. By objective reality (Last line, Para. 1) the author means____.
A) scientific reality ?
B) a symbolic existence ?
C) the viewers experience?
D) reality colored by emotion
答案與解析：
1. B。
作者暗示為了聯系起科學世界和虛幻世界的不同點，把他的話當作一種假相。間接題型段尾結論題。根據第二段最后一句話，我們可推出B是正確答案。
2. A。
由文章的觀點及語氣可推知作者是人文主義者。暗示推斷題。文中第一段第一句后半句提到...but a solid and motionless object that we live由此我們可以推出該作者是一位人文主義者。
3. D。
根據文章，科學家相信table就是一群運動的原子。直接題型語義指代題。根據第一段第一 句的前半句...but it does not reveal itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms ...我們可推出D是正確答案。
4. D。
文章的主題為生活中科學真理的地位。段首主旨題。從第二段最后一句后半句...that the most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires and aspirations-takes place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.我們可以推斷出本文只要講了科學真理在現實生活中的地位。因而答案應選D。
5. A。
對于作者，objective reality意味著科學現實。語義指代題。根據文章最后一段，我們可得知objective reality即科學現實的意思，因而，答案應該選A。
