2023職稱英語考試理工類的閱讀理解模擬題12
閱讀下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五個問題，每個問題有四個備選答案。請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。每個試題計3分,共計15分。
A device that provides early warning of a landslide by monitoring vibrations in soil is being tested by UK researchers. Tile device could save thousands of lives each year by warning when an area should be evacuated，the scientists say. Such natural disasters are common in countries that experience sudden，heavy rainfall，and can also be triggered by earthquakes and even water erosion.
The most common way to monitor a slope for signs of an imminent landslide is to watch for changes in its shape.Surveyors can do this by measuring a site directly，or sensors sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground can be used to monitor the shape of a slope.Slopes can，however，change shape without triggering a landslide，so either method is prone to causing false alarms.Now Dixons team has developed a device that listens for the vibrations caused when particles begin moving within a slope.
The device is currently being tested in a 6-metre-tall artificial clay embankment in Newcastle2，UK.Early results suggest it should provide fewer false positives than existing systems.Once it has been carefully and thoroughly tested，the device could be used to create a complete early-warning system for dangerous slopes.
詞匯：5lAndslaId5iminEntp
vibrationn.振動 sensor n.傳感器
rainfalln.降雨，降雨量 graveln.礫，沙礫，礫石
注釋：
2. Newcastle：紐卡斯爾。英格蘭東北部的一個自治區(qū)，位于利茲以北泰納河畔。
1. What does Such natural disasters in the first paragraph refer to?
B Earthquakes.
D Landslides.
A The initial movement is hard to spot.
C They can be destructive in a matter of hours or minutes.
3. Why do researchers develop a new device to monitor signs of landsides?
B Because the new device can be sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground.
D Because the common methods are useless.
A It is filled in with gravel.
C It is dropped into a horehole filled in with gravel.
5. According to the context，what does the word positives in the fifth paragraph mean?
B Evidences.
D Predictions.
1. D 短文第一段的第一句告訴我們，英國研究人員正在測試一種儀器，這種儀器可以通過監(jiān)測土壤的振動來預警山崩。該段最后一句說，這種災難經(jīng)常在一些遭受自然災害的國家發(fā)生，這些自然災害包括sudden，heavy rainfall和earthquakes以及water erosion。所以D是正確選擇。
3. C 第三段的第一和第二句告訴我們，最為普通的監(jiān)測山崩方法是對山坡形狀變化的觀察，有兩種觀察方式;第三句說，因為山坡形狀的變化不一定導致山崩，所以兩種方法都會有虛假的預警。因此，C是正確答案。
5. B positives在此用作名詞，意思是：被證實的因素或特點，可以理解為證據(jù)。
閱讀下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五個問題，每個問題有四個備選答案。請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。每個試題計3分,共計15分。
A device that provides early warning of a landslide by monitoring vibrations in soil is being tested by UK researchers. Tile device could save thousands of lives each year by warning when an area should be evacuated，the scientists say. Such natural disasters are common in countries that experience sudden，heavy rainfall，and can also be triggered by earthquakes and even water erosion.
The most common way to monitor a slope for signs of an imminent landslide is to watch for changes in its shape.Surveyors can do this by measuring a site directly，or sensors sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground can be used to monitor the shape of a slope.Slopes can，however，change shape without triggering a landslide，so either method is prone to causing false alarms.Now Dixons team has developed a device that listens for the vibrations caused when particles begin moving within a slope.
The device is currently being tested in a 6-metre-tall artificial clay embankment in Newcastle2，UK.Early results suggest it should provide fewer false positives than existing systems.Once it has been carefully and thoroughly tested，the device could be used to create a complete early-warning system for dangerous slopes.
詞匯：5lAndslaId5iminEntp
vibrationn.振動 sensor n.傳感器
rainfalln.降雨，降雨量 graveln.礫，沙礫，礫石
注釋：
2. Newcastle：紐卡斯爾。英格蘭東北部的一個自治區(qū)，位于利茲以北泰納河畔。
1. What does Such natural disasters in the first paragraph refer to?
B Earthquakes.
D Landslides.
A The initial movement is hard to spot.
C They can be destructive in a matter of hours or minutes.
3. Why do researchers develop a new device to monitor signs of landsides?
B Because the new device can be sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground.
D Because the common methods are useless.
A It is filled in with gravel.
C It is dropped into a horehole filled in with gravel.
5. According to the context，what does the word positives in the fifth paragraph mean?
B Evidences.
D Predictions.
1. D 短文第一段的第一句告訴我們，英國研究人員正在測試一種儀器，這種儀器可以通過監(jiān)測土壤的振動來預警山崩。該段最后一句說，這種災難經(jīng)常在一些遭受自然災害的國家發(fā)生，這些自然災害包括sudden，heavy rainfall和earthquakes以及water erosion。所以D是正確選擇。
3. C 第三段的第一和第二句告訴我們，最為普通的監(jiān)測山崩方法是對山坡形狀變化的觀察，有兩種觀察方式;第三句說，因為山坡形狀的變化不一定導致山崩，所以兩種方法都會有虛假的預警。因此，C是正確答案。
5. B positives在此用作名詞，意思是：被證實的因素或特點，可以理解為證據(jù)。
