2023年全國各地考研時間在12月份陸續(xù)進(jìn)行，英語網(wǎng)小編將整理發(fā)布考研英語歷年真題，考生可在考研歷年真題欄目中查看，或點(diǎn)擊全國考研英語作文與范文匯總，查看歷年考研英語作文題目及范文，也可點(diǎn)擊全國考研英語答案解析進(jìn)行查詢!祝考生們金榜題名!

　　英語網(wǎng)隨后將陸續(xù)為大家?guī)砀嗫佳杏⒄Z歷年真題、歷年考研英語作文題目已范文、歷年考研英語閱讀、歷年考研英語翻譯、歷年考研英語完型、歷年考研英語答案解析等，希望能夠幫助到更多的考生。

　　1999年全國考研英語翻譯真題及答案解析

　　Section IV English-Chinese Translation

　　Directions:

　　Read the following passage carefully and then translate underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

　　71) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. Caught in the web of its own time and place, each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past. In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered; it is also frequently partial or partisan. The irony of the historians craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.

　　72) Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy, the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past. Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. 73) During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.

　　Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in the historical profession. 74) There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. Historians, especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused of tunnel method, frequently fall victim to the technicist fallacy. Also common in the natural sciences, the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation.

　　75) It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.

　　答案解析

　　Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)

　　71. 幾乎每個歷史學(xué)家對史學(xué)都有自己的界定，但現(xiàn)代史學(xué)家的實(shí)踐最趨向于認(rèn)為歷史學(xué)是試圖重現(xiàn)過去的重大史實(shí)并對其做出解釋。

　　72. 人們之所以關(guān)注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因?yàn)槭穼W(xué)界內(nèi)部意見不一，其次是因?yàn)橥饨绮⒉徽J(rèn)為歷史是一門學(xué)問。

　　73. 在這種轉(zhuǎn)變中，歷史學(xué)家研究歷史時，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實(shí)了傳統(tǒng)的歷史研究方法。

　　74. 所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史探究中各個具體領(lǐng)域適用的研究手段，人們對此意見不一。

　　75. 這種謬誤同樣存在于歷史傳統(tǒng)派和歷史社科派;前者認(rèn)為歷史就是史學(xué)界內(nèi)部和外部人士對各種史料來源的評論，后者認(rèn)為歷史的研究是具體方法的研究。

焦點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航

考研英語完型 | 考研英語真題 | 考研英語閱讀 | 考研英語翻譯 | 考研英語經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流

考研英語作文 | 考研常見問題 | 專家解讀

　　2023年全國各地考研時間在12月份陸續(xù)進(jìn)行，英語網(wǎng)小編將整理發(fā)布考研英語歷年真題，考生可在考研歷年真題欄目中查看，或點(diǎn)擊全國考研英語作文與范文匯總，查看歷年考研英語作文題目及范文，也可點(diǎn)擊全國考研英語答案解析進(jìn)行查詢!祝考生們金榜題名!

　　英語網(wǎng)隨后將陸續(xù)為大家?guī)砀嗫佳杏⒄Z歷年真題、歷年考研英語作文題目已范文、歷年考研英語閱讀、歷年考研英語翻譯、歷年考研英語完型、歷年考研英語答案解析等，希望能夠幫助到更多的考生。

　　1999年全國考研英語翻譯真題及答案解析

　　Section IV English-Chinese Translation

　　Directions:

　　Read the following passage carefully and then translate underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

　　71) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. Caught in the web of its own time and place, each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past. In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered; it is also frequently partial or partisan. The irony of the historians craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.

　　72) Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy, the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past. Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. 73) During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.

　　Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in the historical profession. 74) There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. Historians, especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused of tunnel method, frequently fall victim to the technicist fallacy. Also common in the natural sciences, the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation.

　　75) It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.

　　答案解析

　　Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)

　　71. 幾乎每個歷史學(xué)家對史學(xué)都有自己的界定，但現(xiàn)代史學(xué)家的實(shí)踐最趨向于認(rèn)為歷史學(xué)是試圖重現(xiàn)過去的重大史實(shí)并對其做出解釋。

　　72. 人們之所以關(guān)注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因?yàn)槭穼W(xué)界內(nèi)部意見不一，其次是因?yàn)橥饨绮⒉徽J(rèn)為歷史是一門學(xué)問。

　　73. 在這種轉(zhuǎn)變中，歷史學(xué)家研究歷史時，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實(shí)了傳統(tǒng)的歷史研究方法。

　　74. 所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史探究中各個具體領(lǐng)域適用的研究手段，人們對此意見不一。

　　75. 這種謬誤同樣存在于歷史傳統(tǒng)派和歷史社科派;前者認(rèn)為歷史就是史學(xué)界內(nèi)部和外部人士對各種史料來源的評論，后者認(rèn)為歷史的研究是具體方法的研究。

考研英語完型 | 考研英語真題 | 考研英語閱讀 | 考研英語翻譯 | 考研英語經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流

考研英語作文 | 考研常見問題 | 專家解讀