英語四級閱讀理解練習及答案詳解
Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
[A]skill
[B]popular
[C]get
[D]change
[E]similarly
[F]professional
[G]character
[H]individuality
[I]inspire
[J]differently
[K]expect
[L]practical
[M]recall
[N]lose
[O]ordinary
ANSWERS:
1.選B)。從文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服，說明了制服在美國很受歡迎。因此選項B)popular符合原文意思。選項中的professional職業的、practical實用的和ordinary普通的，平常的都不符合第一段的意思。
2.選F)。此處應填形容詞。從more...than civilian clothes可知，此處要填的形容詞意思與civilian相對，說明制服的特點。選項中的形容詞中只有professional職業的和civilian相對的，故F)正確。而pratical實用的和ordinary平常的意思都不能和civilian對應，故排除。
3.選K)。由be conditioned to do sth.習慣于可知，此處應填動詞原形。從前面的look more看起來更...和后面的tend to傾向于可知，這段要說明的是人們的主觀印象，應填入表示期望的單詞，只有K)expect符合原文語氣。選項中get得到與上下文的語氣不符合。
4.選I)。此處應填動詞原形。從原文中人們習慣...從穿制服的人那兒得到優質服務。可知，人們更信任穿制服的人，即制服能使人產生信任感。選項中的動詞原形中只有inspire使產生符合文章。
5.選A)。此處應填名詞。前面兩句表達了人們對穿制服的人更加信任的意思，那么對于garage mechanic汽車修理工來說，人們信任的是它的技術，而不是人品，故選項中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
6.選N)。此處應填動詞。...step out of uniform脫掉制服是對護士、警察等來說是......職業身份的很簡單的方式。脫下制服就是失去了職業身份，由此可以推知此處應填N)lose。
7.選L)。此處應填形容詞，說明制服的其他有點。從下文...節省購買其他衣服的開銷，節省洗衣費用，比便服更舒適也更耐穿可知，制服除了增加信任感還有實際的優點。選項中的pratical實用的和ordinary平常的，很明顯L)pratical符合原文意思。
8.選H)。此處應填名詞。文章手段就說美國人為自己的多元化和個性化感到高傲無比，然而他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服，其中包含制服使他們失去自己的個性的意思，那么聯系第一段，此處指出的制服的缺點即為失去個性，故選項H)individuality正確。individuality強調與他人特點的區別，而character指的是個人特定的內在本質。
9.選D)。此處應填名詞。前面說制服讓人失去了個性，雖然有很多種制服，但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服，所有是沒有變化的，故此處應填change，故D)正確。
10.選E)。此處應填副詞，修飾動詞act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...，說明此處填的詞和alike意思相近。選項種副詞有similarly和differently，很明顯，E)similarly與alike意思相近，故選E)。
Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
[A]skill
[B]popular
[C]get
[D]change
[E]similarly
[F]professional
[G]character
[H]individuality
[I]inspire
[J]differently
[K]expect
[L]practical
[M]recall
[N]lose
[O]ordinary
ANSWERS:
1.選B)。從文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服，說明了制服在美國很受歡迎。因此選項B)popular符合原文意思。選項中的professional職業的、practical實用的和ordinary普通的，平常的都不符合第一段的意思。
2.選F)。此處應填形容詞。從more...than civilian clothes可知，此處要填的形容詞意思與civilian相對，說明制服的特點。選項中的形容詞中只有professional職業的和civilian相對的，故F)正確。而pratical實用的和ordinary平常的意思都不能和civilian對應，故排除。
3.選K)。由be conditioned to do sth.習慣于可知，此處應填動詞原形。從前面的look more看起來更...和后面的tend to傾向于可知，這段要說明的是人們的主觀印象，應填入表示期望的單詞，只有K)expect符合原文語氣。選項中get得到與上下文的語氣不符合。
4.選I)。此處應填動詞原形。從原文中人們習慣...從穿制服的人那兒得到優質服務。可知，人們更信任穿制服的人，即制服能使人產生信任感。選項中的動詞原形中只有inspire使產生符合文章。
5.選A)。此處應填名詞。前面兩句表達了人們對穿制服的人更加信任的意思，那么對于garage mechanic汽車修理工來說，人們信任的是它的技術，而不是人品，故選項中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
6.選N)。此處應填動詞。...step out of uniform脫掉制服是對護士、警察等來說是......職業身份的很簡單的方式。脫下制服就是失去了職業身份，由此可以推知此處應填N)lose。
7.選L)。此處應填形容詞，說明制服的其他有點。從下文...節省購買其他衣服的開銷，節省洗衣費用，比便服更舒適也更耐穿可知，制服除了增加信任感還有實際的優點。選項中的pratical實用的和ordinary平常的，很明顯L)pratical符合原文意思。
8.選H)。此處應填名詞。文章手段就說美國人為自己的多元化和個性化感到高傲無比，然而他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服，其中包含制服使他們失去自己的個性的意思，那么聯系第一段，此處指出的制服的缺點即為失去個性，故選項H)individuality正確。individuality強調與他人特點的區別，而character指的是個人特定的內在本質。
9.選D)。此處應填名詞。前面說制服讓人失去了個性，雖然有很多種制服，但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服，所有是沒有變化的，故此處應填change，故D)正確。
10.選E)。此處應填副詞，修飾動詞act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...，說明此處填的詞和alike意思相近。選項種副詞有similarly和differently，很明顯，E)similarly與alike意思相近，故選E)。
