2023復習正在如火如荼的進行中，考研專家建議可以按考研題型分別進行重點復習，是考研英語中分值最高的，在線小編特地整理了2023理解模擬試題供大家模擬練習，希望大家認真做題，錯題著重看解析及譯文，經過練習閱讀理解能力必能有所提高。 　　十一、美國與加拿大的貿易摩擦 　　It is called softwood, but these days it is producing nothing but hard feelings. Softwood is used to build houses, stuff that in skilled hands changes from a pile of wood into a recognizable home in mere days. In the United States, about 10% of such softwood comes from Canada. But on March 2nd the Department of Commerce announced that it would slap a tariff of around 9% on Canadian softwood. The Americans contend that Canada is subsidizing its timber industry, and dumping wood on to its neighbour for sale at prices that do not cover its production cost. 　　The Canadians hotly deny this, and the two sides are volleying expertise at each other. Theyve hired their experts, and weve hired ours, says John Allan, president of the British Columbia Lumber Trade Council. In Canada the provincial governments own forests, and each province is given considerable freedom in pricing its stumpage, as standing trees are oddly called. American critics say the Canadians all but give away those uncut trees. John Perez-Garcia, a professor of forestry at the University of Washington in Seattle, estimates that Canadian logging companies pay as much as 40% less for standing trees than they would if the market set the price. 　　Not so, retort the Canadians. Dan Evans, manager of log exports for British Columbias government, points out that stumpage fees cover only a small portion of what it costs a Canadian company to send lumber across the border. These companies, he says, have to build their own roads, re-forest logged lands, and pay the cost of planning their sales. We feel we price our timber competitively. It is worth noting that for years American companies were themselves accused of receiving subsidies; stumpage prices for trees cut down on federal land were long criticized as too low. Then they were quiet on the subject. But now that most American-produced lumber comes from private forests, government subsidies are anathema. 　　In Seattle, Robb Dunn, president of a chain of ten lumber stores, says his customers will just have to put up with higher prices. Some reckon the tariff will increase new-home prices by as much as $1,300. That may be a bit high; although lumber prices have gone up lately, they are still below the peak reached last summer. And rising interest rates may slow the American housing market, cutting demand. 　　The two sides hope to continue talks. One way out might be an agreement under which Canada taxes its lumber companies until it reforms its pricing policies to Americas satisfaction. But Mr Allan, for one, is not optimistic. The United States, he says, has not negotiated in good faith: Its government just cant get a grip in its timber industry, which is too powerful. 　　1. Hard feelings produced by softwood result in _____. 　　[A] 10% of Canadian softwood comes into America [B] America impose a tax on Canadian softwood 　　[C] Canada is dumping wood into America [D] Canadian softwood is sold at a subsidized price 　　2. It is true of Canada that _____. 　　[A] experts are hired to defend the logging industry [B] the central government sets a uniform price for its forest 　　[C] the uncut trees are given to logging companies for free [D] logging companies pay 40% of the softwood tariff 　　3. The word anathema probably refers to something that are _____. 　　[A] welcomed [B] hated [C] admitted [D] avoided 　　4. What can we infer from the text? 　　[A] Lumber price mainly consists of stumpage fee. [B] Private forests monopolise the Canadian logging market. 　　[C] Americans apply a double standard in lumber trade. [D] Raising stumpage fees will finally solve the problem. 　　5. What will probably happen because of this trade war? 　　[A] Demand for wooden house will fall. [B] Customers will have to pay high prices. 　　[C] Canada will place higher tax on lumber industry. [D] The U.S. will negotiate the matter sincerely. 　　答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 　　核心詞匯與超綱詞匯 　　hard冷酷無情的;硬心腸的;苛刻的 　　slap打，拍;啪地一下放下，隨意扔放;~ sth. on sb./sth.強制執行，強迫某人做，如The company ~ed a non-smoking ban on the premises 　　tariff關稅，稅則;價目表、價格表 　　subside資助, 津貼 　　dump傾倒，傾卸，傾銷;卸貨場;垃圾站 　　volley截擊空中球，凌空擊球;群射，齊發;接連發出，如a ~ of angry questions一連串憤怒的質問;volleyball 排球運動 　　expertise專門知識，專門機能，專長 　　all but幾乎，差不多 　　give away送掉，分發，泄露，出賣，讓步 　　anathema令人厭惡的事;受詛咒的事，可惡的想法 　　in good faith真誠，誠心誠意;in bad faith存心不良，背信棄義 　　grip緊握;控制，影響力;理解，了解 　　全文翻譯 　　它被稱為軟木，但最近軟木帶來的卻是冷酷的情感。軟木被用來建造房子，僅僅幾天它在熟練工人手中就從一堆木材變成了一個可辨認的家。在美國，這樣的軟木大約10%來自加拿大。但是3月2日，美國商務部宣稱它將對加拿大軟木強制征收9%的關稅。美國認為加拿大政府在補貼其伐木業，并且以低于生產成本的價格傾銷于鄰國。 　　加拿大對此予以強烈的否認，雙方用專家知識相互攻擊。加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞省木材貿易委員會主席約翰-艾倫說，他們雇傭了專家，我們也有。在加拿大，省政府擁有森林，各省政府有足夠的自由為立木，即未伐倒的樹木定價。美國評論家指出加拿大幾乎在贈送那些樹。西亞圖華盛頓大學林學教授約翰?皮里斯估計加拿大伐木公司為立木支付的價格比市場規定的要少40%。 　　加拿大反駁說不是這樣。加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞省木材出口負責人丹?埃文斯指出，立木的費用只是一家加拿大公司將木材送出邊界所花費的成本的一小部分。他說，這些公司還必須自己修路、在已伐木的土地上重新植樹造林，以及支付營銷策劃的費用。我們認為自己木材的定價有競爭力。值得指出的是，多年以來美國公司自己也被指責得到補貼，批判其聯邦土地上伐木的立木價格太低。這些公司對此保持沉默。但是現在大部分美國生產的木材來自于私人的森林，政府的資助非常可惡。 　　西亞圖十家連鎖木材店的老板羅伯?鄧恩說，他的顧客將不得不忍受更高的價格。一些人認為關稅將使新家的價格增長1,300美元。這有點貴;雖然最近木材價格上漲，但是仍然不會達到去年夏天的最高值。增長的利率將減少美國房產市場的需求從而減慢其發展。 　　雙方希望繼續對話。解決問題的方法之一是制定協定，加拿大收取伐木公司的稅，直到它對價格政策的改革讓美國滿意。但是艾倫先生對此并不樂觀。他說：美國沒有協商的誠意，美國政府只是控制不了其強大的木材工業。

　　2023復習正在如火如荼的進行中，考研專家建議可以按考研題型分別進行重點復習，是考研英語中分值最高的，在線小編特地整理了2023理解模擬試題供大家模擬練習，希望大家認真做題，錯題著重看解析及譯文，經過練習閱讀理解能力必能有所提高。 　　十一、美國與加拿大的貿易摩擦 　　It is called softwood, but these days it is producing nothing but hard feelings. Softwood is used to build houses, stuff that in skilled hands changes from a pile of wood into a recognizable home in mere days. In the United States, about 10% of such softwood comes from Canada. But on March 2nd the Department of Commerce announced that it would slap a tariff of around 9% on Canadian softwood. The Americans contend that Canada is subsidizing its timber industry, and dumping wood on to its neighbour for sale at prices that do not cover its production cost. 　　The Canadians hotly deny this, and the two sides are volleying expertise at each other. Theyve hired their experts, and weve hired ours, says John Allan, president of the British Columbia Lumber Trade Council. In Canada the provincial governments own forests, and each province is given considerable freedom in pricing its stumpage, as standing trees are oddly called. American critics say the Canadians all but give away those uncut trees. John Perez-Garcia, a professor of forestry at the University of Washington in Seattle, estimates that Canadian logging companies pay as much as 40% less for standing trees than they would if the market set the price. 　　Not so, retort the Canadians. Dan Evans, manager of log exports for British Columbias government, points out that stumpage fees cover only a small portion of what it costs a Canadian company to send lumber across the border. These companies, he says, have to build their own roads, re-forest logged lands, and pay the cost of planning their sales. We feel we price our timber competitively. It is worth noting that for years American companies were themselves accused of receiving subsidies; stumpage prices for trees cut down on federal land were long criticized as too low. Then they were quiet on the subject. But now that most American-produced lumber comes from private forests, government subsidies are anathema. 　　In Seattle, Robb Dunn, president of a chain of ten lumber stores, says his customers will just have to put up with higher prices. Some reckon the tariff will increase new-home prices by as much as $1,300. That may be a bit high; although lumber prices have gone up lately, they are still below the peak reached last summer. And rising interest rates may slow the American housing market, cutting demand. 　　The two sides hope to continue talks. One way out might be an agreement under which Canada taxes its lumber companies until it reforms its pricing policies to Americas satisfaction. But Mr Allan, for one, is not optimistic. The United States, he says, has not negotiated in good faith: Its government just cant get a grip in its timber industry, which is too powerful. 　　1. Hard feelings produced by softwood result in _____. 　　[A] 10% of Canadian softwood comes into America [B] America impose a tax on Canadian softwood 　　[C] Canada is dumping wood into America [D] Canadian softwood is sold at a subsidized price 　　2. It is true of Canada that _____. 　　[A] experts are hired to defend the logging industry [B] the central government sets a uniform price for its forest 　　[C] the uncut trees are given to logging companies for free [D] logging companies pay 40% of the softwood tariff 　　3. The word anathema probably refers to something that are _____. 　　[A] welcomed [B] hated [C] admitted [D] avoided 　　4. What can we infer from the text? 　　[A] Lumber price mainly consists of stumpage fee. [B] Private forests monopolise the Canadian logging market. 　　[C] Americans apply a double standard in lumber trade. [D] Raising stumpage fees will finally solve the problem. 　　5. What will probably happen because of this trade war? 　　[A] Demand for wooden house will fall. [B] Customers will have to pay high prices. 　　[C] Canada will place higher tax on lumber industry. [D] The U.S. will negotiate the matter sincerely. 　　答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 　　核心詞匯與超綱詞匯 　　hard冷酷無情的;硬心腸的;苛刻的 　　slap打，拍;啪地一下放下，隨意扔放;~ sth. on sb./sth.強制執行，強迫某人做，如The company ~ed a non-smoking ban on the premises 　　tariff關稅，稅則;價目表、價格表 　　subside資助, 津貼 　　dump傾倒，傾卸，傾銷;卸貨場;垃圾站 　　volley截擊空中球，凌空擊球;群射，齊發;接連發出，如a ~ of angry questions一連串憤怒的質問;volleyball 排球運動 　　expertise專門知識，專門機能，專長 　　all but幾乎，差不多 　　give away送掉，分發，泄露，出賣，讓步 　　anathema令人厭惡的事;受詛咒的事，可惡的想法 　　in good faith真誠，誠心誠意;in bad faith存心不良，背信棄義 　　grip緊握;控制，影響力;理解，了解 　　全文翻譯 　　它被稱為軟木，但最近軟木帶來的卻是冷酷的情感。軟木被用來建造房子，僅僅幾天它在熟練工人手中就從一堆木材變成了一個可辨認的家。在美國，這樣的軟木大約10%來自加拿大。但是3月2日，美國商務部宣稱它將對加拿大軟木強制征收9%的關稅。美國認為加拿大政府在補貼其伐木業，并且以低于生產成本的價格傾銷于鄰國。 　　加拿大對此予以強烈的否認，雙方用專家知識相互攻擊。加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞省木材貿易委員會主席約翰-艾倫說，他們雇傭了專家，我們也有。在加拿大，省政府擁有森林，各省政府有足夠的自由為立木，即未伐倒的樹木定價。美國評論家指出加拿大幾乎在贈送那些樹。西亞圖華盛頓大學林學教授約翰?皮里斯估計加拿大伐木公司為立木支付的價格比市場規定的要少40%。 　　加拿大反駁說不是這樣。加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞省木材出口負責人丹?埃文斯指出，立木的費用只是一家加拿大公司將木材送出邊界所花費的成本的一小部分。他說，這些公司還必須自己修路、在已伐木的土地上重新植樹造林，以及支付營銷策劃的費用。我們認為自己木材的定價有競爭力。值得指出的是，多年以來美國公司自己也被指責得到補貼，批判其聯邦土地上伐木的立木價格太低。這些公司對此保持沉默。但是現在大部分美國生產的木材來自于私人的森林，政府的資助非常可惡。 　　西亞圖十家連鎖木材店的老板羅伯?鄧恩說，他的顧客將不得不忍受更高的價格。一些人認為關稅將使新家的價格增長1,300美元。這有點貴;雖然最近木材價格上漲，但是仍然不會達到去年夏天的最高值。增長的利率將減少美國房產市場的需求從而減慢其發展。 　　雙方希望繼續對話。解決問題的方法之一是制定協定，加拿大收取伐木公司的稅，直到它對價格政策的改革讓美國滿意。但是艾倫先生對此并不樂觀。他說：美國沒有協商的誠意，美國政府只是控制不了其強大的木材工業。